ACTIVITY # 3

Two-Sample Case (Independent Samples)

I. Problem: Is there a significant difference in the mean scores of the students exposed
to the two teaching methods of teaching mathematics?
II. Data:

III. Statistical Tool: t-test for Independent Means – t-test for Correlated Samples
IV. Ho: There is no significant difference between the two teaching methods in terms
of the mean score.
Ho: There is a significant difference between the two teaching methods in terms
of the mean score.
V. SPSS Output:

VI. Decision: Reject the null hypothesis.

VII. Conclusion: The null hypothesis is non-directional while the alternative is directional.
The new teaching methods got the higher mean than the traditional one.
VIII. Summary Table:
Mean t-computed value p-value
New Methods 75.5000 7.838 .000
Traditional Methods 64.1000
I. Problem: Are upperclassmen significantly different from the underclassmen as regards
to their opinion about a certain university policy?
II. Data:

III. Statistical Tool: Chi-Square Test of Independence

IV. Ho: Class standing does not significantly differ in terms of opinion about a certain
university policy.
Ha: Class standing significantly differ in terms of opinion about a certain university
policy.
V. SPSS Output:
VI. Decision:
VII. Conclusion: Upperclassmen and underclassmen are the same as regards to their
opinion about a certain university policy
VIII. Summary Table
Chi-square computed value p-value
2.000ᵇ
 ACTIVITY # 4
Two-Sample Case (Related or Matched Samples)
I. Problem: A certain researcher developed the inspired hypothesis that people are taller
when they are wearing shoes than when they are not wearing shoes. To test this
hypothesis, he took a random sample of 15 adults, measuring the height of each individual
subject first with shoes on, and then again with shoes off. Test at α= 0.05 if there is a
significant difference on the height of adults when they are wearing shoes and when they
are not wearing shoes.
II. Data:

III. Statistical Tool: t-test for correlated sample

IV. Ho: There is no significant difference on the height of adults when they are wearing
shoes and when they are not wearing shoes.
Ha: There is a significant difference on the height of adults when they are wearing
shoes and when they are not wearing shoes.
V. SPSS Output:

VI. Decision: Reject the null hypothesis.

VII. Conclusion: An adult or a person is taller when they are wearing shoes than when
they are not wearing shoes.
VIII. Summary Table:
Mean t-computed value p-value
Sample A shoes on 65.7800 14.169 .000
Sample B shoes off 64.2064
I. Problem: One hundred twenty-five teachers were selected at random and were asked
to state their opinion regarding the Philippine foreign policy. After several weeks, during
which they received an informative letter, their opinion were asked again. Is the change
in number of teachers opposed to Philippine foreign policy significant?
II. Data:

III. Statistical Tool: Mc Nemar Change Test

IV. Ho: There is no significant change in the teachers’ opinion regarding the Philippine
foreign policy before and after reading the informative newsletter.
Ha: There is a significant change in the teachers’ opinion regarding the Philippine
foreign policy before and after reading the informative newsletter.
V. SPSS Output:

VI. Decision: Reject the null hypothesis.

VII. Conclusion: There is a significant change in the teachers’ opinion regarding the
Philippine foreign policy before and after reading the informative newsletter.
VIII. Summary Table:
p-value
McNemar Test .ᵃ
 ACTIVITY # 5
K-Sample Case (Independent Samples)
I. Problem: An experiment in teaching chemistry was conducted. Three methods of
teaching was used. Students were randomly assigned to each of these three sections
and an achievement test was given at the end of the treatment. Is there a significant
difference in student performance by teaching method? The data is shown below.
Useα=0.05.
II. Data:

III. Statistical Tool: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) - Pearson Correlation

IV. Ho: The achievement test scores for the three teaching methods are the same.
Ha: At least two of the teaching methods are different in terms of the achievement
test scores.
V. SPSS Output:

VI. Decision: Reject the null hypothesis.

VII. Conclusion: The three teaching methods have different impact in terms of the
achievement test scores.
VIII. Summary Table:
Pearson Correlation Coefficient p-value
Videotape .170 .638
Demonstration .283 .428
Lecture 1