Kuliah ke 13
contoh soal :
3 liter/h pertamax dibakar secara stoikiometri. Hitung panas pembakaran dan daya mesin dan
lengkapi gambar.
a) Reaksi pembakaran stoikiometri
C8H18 + a (O2 + 3,76 N2) b CO2 + c H2O + d N2
Unsur :
C:8 =b
H : 18 = 2c
c = 18/2
c =9
O : a . 2 = 2b + c
a = 25/2
a = 12,5
N : a . 2 . 3,76 = d 2
47 =d
𝑘𝐽
Entalpi C8H18 = 20747 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
𝑘𝐽
O2 = 0 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
𝑘𝐽
N2 = 0 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
𝑘𝐽
CO2 = -393500 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
𝑘𝐽
H2O = -241870 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
Entalpi pembentuk
𝑘𝐽⁄ 𝑘𝐽⁄
Entalpi C8H18 = 𝑥 . 20,747 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙 = 20747 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
𝑘𝐽⁄
Entalpi (O2 + 3,76 N2) = 12,5 (0 + 0) =0 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
𝑘𝐽⁄ 𝑘𝐽
Entalpi CO2 = 8 . (−393,500 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙 ) = − 31,480 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
Entalpi H2O = 9 . (−241,820 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙 ) = −21,7638 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
Panas pembakaran
𝑘𝐽⁄ 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
31,480 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙 + 20,747 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙 = 52,227 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
𝑘𝐽⁄ 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
52,227 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙 − 21,763 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙 = 30,464 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑙
Bila q th = 0,58
τ hp = 0,58 . 17,76 kJ/s
= 10,30 kJ/s
= 10,30 kW
i hp = 13,802 hp
1 kJ/s = 1 kW
1 kW = 1,34 hp