DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 8

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
 illustrate rational algebraic expressions;
 illustrate the laws of exponents; and
 find pleasures in working with numbers.
Value aims: accuracy and patience

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Major Concept: Patterns and Algebra
Minor Concept: Rational Algebraic Expressions
Strategy: Experimental and Discovery Method
Instructional Materials: chalk and chalkboard, manila paper
References: Mathematics Learner’s Module for Grade 8 by Emmanuel P. Abuzo, et. al, pp.

III. PROCEDURE:

A. Routinary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Checking of attendance
3. Arranging of chairs

B. Review

In your previous meeting, you have

discussed about factoring the sum and differences
of two cubes.

Now, try to solve the following:

1. x3 + 33= ____ 1. x3 + 33= (x+3)(x2- 3x + 32)
2. y3-23= ____ = (x+3)(x2-3x+ 9)
2. y -2 = ( y-2)(y2+2y+22)
3 3

(y-2)(y2+2y+4)

C. Motivation

Class, observe the verbal phrases below.

Look for the mathematical phrases that corresponds
𝑥
to the verbal phrases. 1. +2
4
1. The ratio of number four added by two.
2. The product of the square root of three 2. √3𝑦
and the number y. 3. a2+ 2a
3. The square root of a added by twice the 4. b2- (b+2)
𝑝𝑞
a. 5. 3
4. The sum of b and two less than the
square of b.
5. The product of p and q divided by three.
 𝑥
+2 √3𝑦
4

b2- (b+2)
a2+2a

𝑝𝑞 3
3 𝑥𝑦

D. Presentation

Our lesson for today is about rational

algebraic expressions and the laws of exponents.

E. Lesson Proper
Activity
The class will classify the different
expressions below into rational algebraic expression
or not rational algebraic expression. Write the
expression into the appropriate column.

Rational Algebraic Not Rational Algebraic

Expression Expression 𝑚+2 𝑐4
and 6 are the only expressions that
√2 √5
belong to the Not Rational Algebraic
Expressions column.

𝑚+2 𝑘
3𝑘 2 − 6𝑘
√2

𝑦+2 1 1−𝑚
𝑦−2 𝑎6 𝑚3

𝑎 𝑐 𝑐4
𝑦2 − 𝑥9 𝑎−2 6
√5
 Analysis

How many expressions did you place in the There were six expressions that belong to
rational algebraic expression column? the rational algebraic expression column

How many expressions did you placed in the There were only two expressions that belong
not rational algebraic expression column? to the not rational algebraic expression
column.

How did you classify a rational algebraic

expression from a not rational algebraic expression A rational algebraic expression is nothing
column? more than a fraction in which the numerator
and/or the denominator are polynomials and
are rational numbers.

Were you able to place each expression to its

appropriate column? Students’ answer may vary.

What difficulty did you encounter in Students’ answer may vary.

classifying the expressions?

Abstraction

Rational algebraic expression is the ratio of

two polynomials provided that the numerator is not
𝑃
equal to zero. In symbols: 𝑄 , where P and Q are
polynomials and Q ≠ 0.

In the activities you had earlier, you had

encountered the rational algebraic expressions. You
might encounter some algebraic expressions with
negative or zero exponents but before that we will
first discuss the laws of exponents.

Product of Powers. If the expressions

multiplied have the same base, add the exponents.
xa•xb = xa+b

Power of a Power. If the expression raised to

a number is raised by another number, multiply the
exponents.
(xa)b = xab

Power of a Product. If the multiplied

expressions is raised by a number, multiply the
exponents then multiply the expressions.
(xa yb)c = xac ybc (xy)a = xaya
 Quotient of Power. If the ratio of two
expressions is raised to a number, then

𝑥𝑎
Case I. 𝑥 𝑏 = xa-b, where a > b
𝑥𝑎 1
Case II. 𝑥 𝑏 =𝑥 𝑏−𝑎 , where a <b

Application

1. 24 * 22 = 1. 24 * 22 = 26= 64
2.( 32)4= 2.( 32)4= 38= 6561
3. (2a)3= 3. (2a)3= 23a3= 8a3
35 35
4. 33 = 4. 33 = 32= 9
42 42 1 1
5. 43 = 5. 43 = 43−2 = 4

IV. EVALUATION

Directions. In a ¼ sheet of paper, answer the

following.

A. Write RAE if the expression is a rational

algebraic expression and NRAE if it is not. 1. RAE
2𝑘 2.RAE
1. 4𝑘 2 −6𝑘
1
3.RAE
2. 4.NRAE
2𝑥 5
𝑥+2 5.RAE
3. 𝑥+5
3
4.
√4𝑧
5−𝑛
5. 𝑛8
B. Simplify the following:
1. (x2y)4=
𝑥5𝑦6 1. x8y4
2. = 2. x4y4
𝑥𝑦 2
4𝑥 5 𝑦 𝑥 12
3. (16𝑥 𝑦 4)3= 3. 64𝑦9
10𝑥 6
4. 5x2y (2x4y-3) 4. 𝑦2
5. x9 * x-7 5. x2

V. ASSIGNMENT

Give two examples for each law of

exponents.