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SKRIPSI
OLEH :
INDRA RAYANI
NIM 101524085
SKRIPSI
OLEH :
INDRA RAYANI
NIM 101524085
OLEH :
INDRA RAYANI
NIM 101524085
Dra. Aswita Hafni Lubis, M.Si., Apt. Drs. Panal Sitorus, M.Si., Apt.
NIP 195304031983032001 NIP 195310301980031002
Puji dan syukur kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena limpahan
rahmat, kasih dan karunianNya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol
dan beberapa fraksi daun ekor naga (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott)
diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar sarjana farmasi pada
Pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan terima kasih yang tulus dan
ikhlas kepada Bapak Prof. Dr. Sumadio Hadisahputra, Apt., selaku Dekan
Fakultas Farmasi USU Medan yang telah memberikan fasilitas sehingga penulis
dapat menyelesaikan pendidikan. Ibu Dra. Masfria, M.S., Apt., dan Ibu Dra.
Aswita Hafni Lubis, M.Si., Apt., selaku pembimbing yang telah memberikan
skripsi ini. Bapak Dr. M. Pandapotan Nasution, MPS., Apt., Bapak Drs. Panal
Sitorus, M.Si., Apt., dan Bapak Drs. Awaluddin Saragih, M.Si., Apt., selaku
dosen penguji yang telah memberikan kritik, saran dan arahan kepada penulis
dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Bapak dan Ibu staf pengajar Fakultas Farmasi
USU Medan yang telah mendidik selama perkuliahan dan Ibu Dwi Lestari P,
S.Si., M.Si., Apt., selaku penasehat akademis yang telah memberikan bimbingan
tiada hentinya berkorban dengan tulus ikhlas bagi kesuksesan penulis, juga
kepada abang, kakak dan adikku yang selalu setia memberi doa, dorongan, dan
penyempurnaannya. Harapan saya semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi ilmu
pengetahuan kefarmasian.
Indra Rayani
NIM 101524085
ABSTRAK
Kata kunci: Antibakteri, Daun ekor naga, Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f.) Schott
Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
One of the plant whom people used as a herbal medicine is “daun ekor
naga” as antibacterial. This research have a purpose to know antibakterial activity
from ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, ethylacetate fraction,
and residue fraction of “daun Ekor naga” (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f.) Schott)
include Araceae family toward Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa.
Characterization of simplex include macroscopic investigation,
microscopic investigation, determination of water content, determination of water-
soluble extract, determination of the ethanol-soluble extract, total ash content
determination and the determination of ash-not dissolve in acid content.
Determining the class of chemical compounds carried out on simplex, ethanol
extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, ethylacetate fraction, and residue
fraction. Ekor naga extraction carried out with percolation and fractination of
extract carried out with liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). antibakterial activity test of
ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, ethylacetate fraction, and
residue fraction toward bacteria Streptococccus mutans and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa is tested using various consentration with agar diffusion method using
Punch hole and Nutrient agar media. As a measure of the activity of bacterial
growth inhibition area was measured by the method of Kirby Bauer.
The result of the characterization of simplex of “ekor naga” show the
macroscopic have green leaves are round to elongate, split, tapered leaf tip and
does not smell, and odorless, the microscopic indicate the presence of upper
epidermis, lower epidermis, stomata parasitic, palisade tissue, spongy tissue and
sheath beam transport, the water value 6.63%; the water soluble extract value
19.15%, the ethanol soluble extract value 10.35%, the total ash value 12.05% and
the acid insoluble ash value 0.24%. The result of phytochemical screening is
alcaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, glycocid and steroid/triterpenoid.
The result of antibacterial activity showed that n-heksana fraction of “daun
ekor naga” does not give resistance area toward bacteria Streptococcus mutans
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The fraction chloroform and residue fraction give
less effective resistance area toward bacteria Streptococcus mutans and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The etanol extract of give effective resistance area
with a diameter of 14.08 mm in the concentration 400 mg/ml toward
Streptococcus mutans and diameter of 14.86 mm in the concentration of 500
mg/ml toward Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethylasetate fraction give effective
resistance area with a diameter of 16.3 mm in the concentration 300 mg/ml toward
Streptococcus mutans and diameter of 15.6 mm in the concentration of 200 mg/ml
toward Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Key words: antibacterial, Daun ekor naga, Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f.) Schott,
Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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JUDUL ............................................................................................................ i
ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... vi
LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................... 47
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