Tank Gauging

Octubre 2018

Emerson Confidential
Agenda

What Is Tank Gauging?

Tank Gauging Technologies

Rosemount Tank Gauging System

Tank Gauging Applications

Overfill Protection System API2350

System Architecture Examples

Summary & Wrap-up

Emerson Confidential 2
What Is Tank Gauging?
• Tank Gauging = static quantity measurement of liquid products in bulk storage tanks
• Output is volume and mass
• Automatic Tank Gauging (ATG) collects measurements with automated instruments and sends
the data back to control room

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What Does A Tank Gauging System Measure?
• Measured data: Level
Temperature and
water cut
– Level
– Temperature (multi-spot average)
Pressure
– Bottom water level
– Pressure
• ...is used to calculate:
Display
– Gross volume
– Net volume (temperature compensated volume
according to API standards)
– Density
– Mass Pressure

• Requires an integrated system with many

instruments to collect all the measurements
• Requires software to automatically calculate
volume, density and mass
Inventory
management
software
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Tank Types

Atmospheric

Fixed roof tank Floating roof tank

Pressurized

Bullet tank Sphere tank

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Fixed Roof Tank
• Flat or cone roof
– No internal floating roof
• Bottom: flat, coned or sloping
• Sump on side or centered

36” sump

Cone roof tank Multi-spot temperature water probe

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Floating Roof Tank
• Roof floats on top of the liquid and moves up and down with the liquid level
• No vapor space – reduces breathing losses
• Typically used for crude oil, gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, etc.

Full Half full Empty

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Floating Roof Tank Types

External Internal (cone) Internal (dome)

• Exposed to wind, rain, snow • Protected from weather • Self-supporting aluminum

etc. conditions dome
• “Sealed” tank – not open to • Can be made as retrofit on
outside atmosphere existing external floating roof
• Requires more equipment – tank
breather valves, EPR valves,
etc.
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Pressurized Tanks

Bullet Sphere

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Agenda

What Is Tank Gauging?

Tank Gauging Technologies

Rosemount Tank Gauging System

Tank Gauging Applications

Overfill Protection System API2350

System Architecture Examples

Summary & Wrap-up

Emerson Confidential 10
Most Common Tank Gauging Technologies

Float and tape Servo Radar

A large float, suspended by a
perforated steel tape, is kept taught
by a constant torque spring motor.
Liquid level is measured by
mechanically tracking the position
of the tape.
A displacer, suspended by a wire, is
raised and lowered by an electrical
servo motor.
A weighing system continuously
measures the weight of the
displacer to determine liquid level.
The radar gauge uses microwaves
for measuring the liquid surface
level.
Radar gauges are electronic
devices without moving parts and
do not come into contact with the
liquid.

1940s 1960s 1980s

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Float And Tape Technology
• First Automatic Tank Gauge (1940s)
• Large stainless steel float
• Float hangs by a metal tape
• Kept taught by spring motor
• Tape drives mechanical counter

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No Advanced Functionality
• Does not require power
• Accuracy ~10-25 mm (0.5”-1”)
• Many moving parts
• Maintenance
• No error indications or diagnostics
– Float or tape gets stuck
– Guide wires loose, kinked, or broken
• Unreliable and error-prone
• Still often used due to small investment

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Servo
• Second generation Automatic Tank Gauging (1960s)
• Float replaced by small displacer
• Metal tape replaced by wire
• Spring motor replaced by electric servo motor

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A More Advanced Version Of Float And Tape
• The principle is based on detection of variations in the buoyancy of a displacer
• The apparent weight of the displacer is measured
• Electrical servo motor raises and lowers the displacer
• Principle is the same as with float and tape
• The electronics is the difference

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Desplazadores
Para que el servo tenga aprobación para transferencia de custodia deben de usar como
mínimo un desplazador cónico de 70 y 110 mm de diámetro (mayor área de sensitividad,
cara plana) pero tiene que ser de SS316, porque el volumen y área del desplazador deben
de ser exactos

El cónico tiene un área de sensitividad

El cilíndrico tiene una menor área de más grande, y éste no requiere
sensitividad, se sumerge dentro del sumergirse dentro del producto, si no
producto el 50% de su área solo estar en contacto

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Radar Tank Gauging
• Third generation ATG
• First developed for ocean going tankers
• Introduced to land tanks in 1980s
• Invented, developed and pioneered by SAAB (now Rosemount)

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Fully Electronic Measurement

• Measures distance to liquid surface

with microwaves
• Transmitter head
– Contains all electronics
– Mounted outside the tank
• Antenna
– Emits and receives microwaves
– Mounted inside the tank
Objeto, fijo o en
antena movimiento E

H

oscilador detector

distancia d

Parametros Básicos para el cálculo de medición de distancia 

Emerson Confidential 18
Agenda

What Is Tank Gauging?

Tank Gauging Technologies

Rosemount Tank Gauging System

Tank Gauging Applications

Overfill Protection System API2350

System Architecture Examples

Summary & Wrap-up

Emerson Confidential 19
Rosemount™ Tank Gauging System
2240S 5900S
Temperature Transmitter Radar Level
w. Temperature and 2230
Gauge
3051S Graphical
Water Level Sensor
Pressure Field Display
Transmitter

TankMaster
Inventory
Management
Software

To DCS/PLC/
3051S SCADA/other
Pressure host
Transmitter
2460
System Hub
2410 To DCS/PLC/
Tank Hub SCADA/other
host

2230
Power Graphical
Field Display To other tanks
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Core Tank Gauging Devices

5900S/
2240S
5900C

FOUNDATION fieldbus tankbus

565/
566/
765

2230

2410

Fieldbus
2460
TankMaster
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Rosemount 5900S Radar Level Gauge
• The world’s premium non-contacting radar level gauge
• Two main parts:
– Transmitter head
– Antenna
• ±0,5 mm accuracy
• Approved for custody transfer measurements
• Intrinsically safe
• 2-wire bus for power and communication
• Certified SIL 2 and SIL 3 according to IEC 61508

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Suitable for Every Application
• Antennas for all tank types and products – liquefied gases, light products, heavy fuel oil, bitumen,
etc...

Still-pipe LPG/LNG
array antenna antenna
For floating Parabolic For pressurized
roof tanks antenna or cryogenic
For fixed liquefied gas
roof tanks Horn
antenna
For small
openings
Llevando la seguridad a un nivel superior
• Cumplimiento con API 2350 & IEC 61511
• Certificado de seguridadSIL2 & SIL3
• Radar 2-en-1
– Medición independiente:
nivel y prevención de sobrellenado
– Prevención de sobrellenado de forma
sencilla!

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2 Radares y 1 antena, es esto un problema?
Estadísticas: en caso de falla, donde ocurre normalmente?

49,4% 49,4%
de fallas Tanque
ocurrirán aquí de fallas
ocurrirán aquí MTBF*:
10,000 años**
Electronicas
MTBF*:
194 años 1%
de fallas
ocurrirán aquí
Solo el

0,2%
de fallas
ocurrirán aquí

Antena
MTBF*:
45,500 años

* MTBF = Mean Time Between Failure (Tiempo Medio entre falla)

** Fuente: Health and Safety Executive, UK

Emerson Confidential
Rosemount 5900C Radar Level Gauge

• Lower tier, scaled down 5900C

• ±3 mm accuracy
• SIL2 certified
• No custody transfer approval
• Additional antenna compatibility
– Cone antenna
– 1- and 2 inch pipe antenna
• Not compatible with horn antenna
Temperature Measurement
• 2240S Multi-input Temperature Transmitter
– Connected to Rosemount 565/566/765 temperature
sensor
– ±0.05° C conversion accuracy
• 565/566/765 Multiple Spot Temperature Sensor
– Flexible hose with temperature spots encased inside
– Measures temperature at multiple points in the tank
– Up to 16 temperature measurement points
– 3- or 4-wire RTD spot elements
– With integrated bottom water level sensor (765 version)
– For cryogenic liquids down to -170° C (566 version)
– 1/6 DIN Class B, 1/10 DIN Class B, and DIN Class A
(566 version) accuracy classed offered
Rosemount 2410 Tank Hub
• Provides power to tank devices through intrinsically
safe FOUNDATION Fieldbus
• Supervises status of tank devices and collects
measurements
• Manages communication between tank devices and
the control room
• Up to 10 tanks per Tank Hub (depending on devices)
• ATEX, IECEx and FM (and more) Zone 1 certified
• SIL 2 and SIL 3 certified
• Supports many different communication protocols
• Connects to 775 Wireless THUM adapter for wireless
tank gauging

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Rosemount 2230 Graphical Field Display
• Shows real time measured and calculated values in the field
– Level, temperature, pressure, volume, level rate, etc...
• Several view options, one or more values at a time
• Back lit LCD display
• Up to 3 displays per Tank Hub (e.g. one on tank top, one at tank
bottom, and one at roadside)
• ...or a single display showing values from up to 10 tanks
• Approved for legal custody transfer read-out intrinsically safe
Rosemount 2460 System Hub
• Data concentrator that continuously polls Tank Hubs for real time data
• Transfers data and commands between tanks and control room
• For efficient handling of systems with multiple tanks
• Ensures fast update rates at large sites
• Serves up to 64 tanks
• Flexible and configurable multiple port connectivity
Rosemount TankMaster
• Complete inventory management software
• Collects all tank gauging data such as level, temperature, water interface, etc.
• Calculates volume and mass
• Displays it in easy to use operator interface
• Includes advanced functions for better terminal
reliability, efficiency and safety
– Alarms
– Reports
– Batch handling
– Custody transfer approvals
– And much more...
• Integrates into all major DCS/SCADA/host systems
• Web version for external access
Licencias de TankMaster
WinOpi – vision complete de su patio de tanques
• Software de gestión de inventario completo
• Volumen neto estándar - Calcula el inventario basado en
estándares de API MPMS ch. 11, e ISO 4266:2002
– Incluye tablas de volumen especiales: LPG, ASTM,
químicos, alcohol, lineares, etc.
• Aprobado para Transferencia de Custodia
• Manejo de Lotes
• Alarmas, reportes, Tablas API, y más…

WinView – gestión de inventario básico

• Excelente para plantas pequeñas
• Cálculo de volumen observado
• Alarmas y configuración

TankMaster.net – cuando y donde lo necesite

• Información general del inventario vía internet
• En tiempo real y seguro

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Arquitectura de Configuración del Sistema TankMaster
• Ejemplo de Instalación del Sistema TankMaster:

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RosemountTM Tank Gauging and Overfill Prevention System

Emerson Confidential 34
Agenda

What Is Tank Gauging?

Tank Gauging Technologies

Rosemount Tank Gauging System

Tank Gauging Applications

Overfill Protection System API2350

System Architecture Examples

Summary & Wrap-up

Emerson Confidential 35
Rosemount Tank Gauging – Main Use Cases

Oil movement Inventory Overfill

and operations control prevention

Custody Tank
transfer monitoring

Mass balance Leak

& loss control detection
Custody Transfer
• Bulk storage tanks are often part of transfers where product is sold and ownership changes
– E.g. transfers from a storage tank to a ship, pipeline, or another tank
• Custody transfer requires ”fiscal measurements” which must comply to standards and regulations, e.g.:
– API standards (MPMS Ch. 3.1, 3.3, 3.6, and 7.3)
– Metrology requirements/standards (OIML, NMi, PTB, LNE, etc.)
– Local laws and regulations
• Requires certification – makes Tank Gauging different than ”in-process” measurements at a plant or
refinery
Tank Monitoring System
• When highest level accuracy and advanced inventory calculations are not needed
• Medium accuracy gauges measures level in tanks
• Data sent to control room for overview & monitoring
• Often installed to eliminate need for hand-dipping
• Increases efficiency, productivity and safety

• Requirements:
– High reliability & safety
– Efficient alarm handling
– Fast update & response rate
– Calculation of flow rate
– Clear and logic operator display
Tank Monitoring System
Agenda

What Is Tank Gauging?

Tank Gauging Technologies

Rosemount Tank Gauging System

Tank Gauging Applications

Overfill Protection System API2350

System Architecture Examples

Summary & Wrap-up

Emerson Confidential 40
API2350 4ta edición

Cambio más esencial:

Ahora abarca todo el ciclo de vida de seguridad
(incluyendo el sistema de gestión)
API2350 4th - Nivel de Importancia LOC

Los siguientes niveles se deben definir por volumen,

nivel & espacio vacío de cada tanque
Nivel Acción
Alto Critico Respuesta de Emergencia
AOPS (si aplica) AOPS. Alarma optional

Alarma Alto-Alto Visual & Audible Alarm.

Nivel Operación MaxAlerta opcional

Nota:
• Las Alarmas requieren una acción.
• Alertas opcionales (e.g. Hi-Alert)
API2350 – Si no se calcula el tiempo de respuesta…

Min HiHi-Level
Categoria Tiempo de Respuesta @
max rango de flujo*

Lectura Manual 45 minutes

Automatic Tank 30 minutes
Gauging (ATG) HiHi

ATG + Sobrellenado 15 minutes

independiente
*) Guias por API para sistemas de sobrellenado manuales (a menos se haya calculado un
tiempo de respuesta para un tanque en especifico).

Consecuentes de acuerdo a API:

La instalación de una alarma de sobrellenado

independiente puede aumentar la capacidad de
almacenamiento del tanque
API2350 – Categoría 1

– Configuración  No tiene transmisión de alarmas

 El nivel del Tanque es determinado manualmente

ó por el Sistema de Medición(ATG).

 Requiere paro Local “manual” ó de desvío

después de recibir el aviso

 Utilizado solamente en instalaciones con

suficiente personal
ATG
 Monitoreo continuo al inicio y al final, y al menos
cada hora durante el recibo

 No utilizado con frecuencia ó en operaciones de

recibo complejas
API 2350 – Categoría 2

– Configuración  Nivel de Tanque (ATG requerido) y alarma

transmitida al cuarto de control

 ATG configurado para Alarmar LOC: HH

 Las Alarmas no son independientes de la

LAH
Medición(mismo sensor para el ATG y alarmas)

 Se puede utilizar Cat 2 si se monitorea desde el

LSH
ATG LT cuarto de control

 Se debe de monitorear 30 minutos antes y

despues del recibo;
API 2350 – Categoría 3
– Configuración  El nivel de Tanque y alarmas son
transmitidas al cuarto de control.
LAH
 La Alarma es independiente del sistema
ATG y configurada al nivel Alto Alto H-H
LOC.
ATG  Requieres paro ó desvío Local “manual”

LAHH
 La alarma notifica la finalización del recibo
(AOPS) ó en caso de falla de energía
también lo notificará como finalización del
recibo
API 2350 - AOPS

Automatic Overfill Protection System

• Sistema Básico de Control de Proceso,
LSHH
puede ser Categoría I, 2 ó 3

• AOPS independiente de la operación

ATG
• Dos Opciones:

LAH
• 1 Instalaciones Existentes Anexo A
• 2 Instalaciones Nuevas
ISA S84.01 ó IEC 61511
Automatic Overfill Prevention System From Emerson™

Sensor de nivel, lógica de control y elemento final – Todo por un solo proveedor
Arquitectura típica MOPS – Tanque presurizado salchicha

5900S + 2160 5900S + 3308 5900S + 3308 5900S + 5300

(sin camara) (sin cámara)

5900S + 5300 5900S + 5900C 5900S + 5900S 5900S 2 en 1

Arquitectura típica AOPS – Tanque presurizado salchicha

5900S + 5300 5900S + 5300 5900S + 5900C

(sin pierna)

5900S + 5900S 5900S + 5900S 5900S 2 en 1

SIL2 SIL3
Arquitectura típica MOPS – Tanque atmosférico techo fijo

5900S + 2100 5900S + 2160 5900S + 3308 5900S + 5300

5900S + 5400 5900S + 5900C 5900S + 5900S 5900S 2 en 1

Arquitectura típica AOPS – Tanque atmosférico techo fijo

5900S + 2100 5900S + 5300 5900S + 5400 5900S + 5900C

5900S + 5900S 5900S + 5900S 5900S + 5900S 5900S + 5900S

SIL2 SIL3 DeltaV+Bettis DeltaV+Bettis SIL2
Arquitectura típica MOPS – Tanque atmosférico membrana interna

5900S + 5900C 5900S + 5900C 5900S + 5900S

(tubo) (tubo)

5900S + 5900S 5900S + DS21D 5900S 2 en 1

Arquitectura típica AOPS – Tanque atmosférico membrana interna

5900S + 5900C 5900S + 5900C 5900S + 5900S 5900S + 5900S

(con tubo) 2x2 en 1 SIL2

5900S + 5900S 5900S + 5900S 5900S + 5900S 5900S 2 en 12

SIL3 SIL2 SIL3
Arquitectura típica MOPS – Tanque presurizado esferas

5900S + 2160 5900S + 3308 5900S + 5900C

5900S + 5900S 5900S 2 en 1

Arquitectura típica AOPS – Tanque presurizado esferas

5900S + 5900C 5900S + 5900S

SIL2

5900S + 5900S 5900S 2 en 1

SIL3
Agenda

What Is Tank Gauging?

Tank Gauging Technologies

Rosemount Tank Gauging System

Tank Gauging Applications

Overfill Protection System API2350

System Architecture Examples

Summary & Wrap-up

Emerson Confidential 57
Arquitectura típica

Software Tank Master

Comunicacion OPC hacia
SDMS

Software Tank Master.Net para acceso

via remota desde intranet (usuarios
ilimitados)

1420 Gateway

2460 System Hub

Interface de Modbus TCP /
comunicación Puerto disponible Lado Cuarto de Control
Lado Campo

Modbus RS485

Tankbus: FOUNDATIONTM Tankbus: FOUNDATIONTM Tankbus: FOUNDATIONTM Tankbus: FOUNDATIONTM Tankbus: FOUNDATIONTM
fieldbus (2 hilos) fieldbus (2 hilos) fieldbus (2 hilos) fieldbus (2 hilos) fieldbus (2 hilos)

T-04 T-04
T-01 T-02 T-03
Gasolina Turbosina
Gasolina Diesel Gasolina
Premium Regular Regular

Alimentación
48-240 VCA
Arquitectura con Emulación

Power
Supply
120V AC

Enraf BPM
Enraf BPM

Local Tank
Master LA2 Plant
Control Room

Main Tank
Master

5
Main Contol Room 9
Arquitectura con integración inalámbrica

Casa de Bombas 2 Casa de Bombas 3 Casa de Bombas 5

Estación
Principal

Red UTP

Inventario Inventario
CB2 CB3
Arquitectura con Radar de proceso

Sistema de Control Distribuido

Cableado serial al convertidor RS485 suministrado por
ABB
Tank Master
• Gabinerte Tank
Master OPC server
• Convertidor • Ethernet
Suministro de cableado
• Interface de Modbus RTU (Esclavo)
de las señales al SCD
Comunicacion • RS-232
• RS-485

4 a 20 mA Salida Analoga Convertidor

(Activa) RS485/RS232
2460 System Hub
Interface de Lado Cuarto de Control
comunicación
Lado Campo

RS485
Modbus

TIT- LIT-0130 TIT- LIT-0301 LIT-0202 LIT-0302 LIT-0303

LIT-0201
0130 0201

TQ-CO-01 TQ-DO-01
PIT-0130 PIT-0230 PIT-0230 PIT-0230 PIT-0230
PIT-0230

UCT- UCT-
0310 0230

Alimentación
48-240 VCA
Agenda

What Is Tank Gauging?

Tank Gauging Technologies

Rosemount Tank Gauging System

Tank Gauging Applications

Overfill Protection System API2350

System Architecture Examples

Summary & Wrap-up

Emerson Confidential 62
What Is Tank Gauging?
• Many measurement variables
• Requires many different instruments
• Connected together to create a system

• Rosemount Tank Gauging System

– State of the art radar technology
– All development in house
– Instruments developed and built specifically for tank gauging

• Common tank gauging use cases

– Inventory management
– Custody transfer
– Overfill prevention
Benefits of Rosemount Tank Gauging
• Complete system package – sensors, communication devices, and control room equipment & software
• Most accurate, reliable and efficient tank gauging system on the market
• World-leading safety solutions
– Unique 2-in-1 solution – Overfill and BPCS measurement
in the same tank opening
– Certified NCR, GWR or vibrating fork technologies available
– SIL 3 certification with a single sensor
– Sensors, logic solvers, actuators and valves all from one supplier
• Future proof
– Open system built on open standards
– Scalable – easy to expand and upgrade
– Fulfills the the most stringent standards
• Wireless tank gauging
– Proven performance – 1000s of installations world wide

Trusted advisors and experts since 1984!

RosemountTM Tank Gauging and Overfill Prevention System

Emerson Confidential 65