Unauthorized reproduction or distribution prohibitedฺ Copyright© 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliatesฺ

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S yed a n Backup and Recovery
Workshop

Student Guide – Volume I

D78850GC30
Edition 3.0 | September 2017 | D100947
Learn more from Oracle University at education.oracle.com
 Authors Copyright © 2017, Oracle and/or it affiliates. All rights reserved.

Jeff Ferreira Disclaimer

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S yed a n
 Contents
Unauthorized reproduction or distribution prohibitedฺ Copyright© 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliatesฺ

1 Introduction
Objectives 1-2
Curriculum Context 1-3
Suggested Schedule 1-4
Oracle Database Innovation 1-5
Enterprise Cloud Computing 1-6
h a s
Assessing Your Recovery Requirements 1-7
m)
Categories of Failure 1-10
e r ฺco
Data Failures 1-11
a k k ฺ
r
plt uide
Oracle Data Protection Solutions 1-12
t
@ nt G
Assisting with Overview and Advice 1-13
a n
Complete Oracle Backup Solution 1-14
h a ss tude
z a ibฺ his S
Integrated Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) 1-15
a n se t
Oracle Database Backup Cloud Module 1-16
h
(ja to u
Oracle Secure Backup 1-17
n
s a nse
Oracle Secure Backup Cloud Module 1-18
s
H a lice
Oracle Data Guard: Overview 1-19
B in ble
Physical Standby Database: Redo Apply Architecture 1-21
z a ib sfera
Oracle Active Data Guard 1-22
h a n ran
J a on-tLogical Standby Database: SQL Apply Architecture 1-23

yed a n
Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture: Robust and Integrated Data
S Protection 1-24
Basic Workshop Architecture 1-25
Quiz 1-26
Summary 1-27
Practice Overview: Exploring the Course Environment 1-28

2 Getting Started
Objectives 2-2
Naming the Core Components of an Oracle Database Server 2-3
Oracle Database Server Architecture: Overview 2-4
What You Already Know About Database Storage Architecture 2-6
Naming Logical and Physical Database Structures 2-8
What You Already Know About Process Architecture 2-10
Process Structures 2-11

iii
 Reviewing Processes 2-13
Reviewing Database Writer Process (DBWn) 2-14
Reviewing Log Writer Process (LGWR) 2-15
Reviewing Checkpoint Process (CKPT) 2-17
Unauthorized reproduction or distribution prohibitedฺ Copyright© 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliatesฺ

Reviewing System Monitor Process (SMON) 2-18

Reviewing Process Monitor (PMON) 2-19
Reviewing Archiver Processes (ARCn) 2-20
Adding Process Names 2-21
Database Log Mode 2-23
ORCL Database in ASM 2-24
Facilitating Database Management with Oracle Restart 2-26
h a s
Oracle DBA Tools 2-28
m )
Separation of DBA Duties 2-30
e r ฺco
Connecting to RMAN and a Target Database 2-31
a k k ฺ
Using SQL in RMAN 2-32 r
plt uide
Quick Start: A Problem Solution Approach 2-33 t
@ nt G
a n
h a ss tude
Performing Restore and Recovery of a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode 2-34
Quiz 2-35
z a ibฺ his S
Summary 2-36
h a n se t
(ja to u
Practice Overview: Getting Started 2-37
n
s s a nse
a lice
3 Configuring for Recoverability
H
Objectives 3-2
B in ble
Typesaof
z era
ibRMANsfCommands 3-3

h n an Example 3-4
aJob Commands:
r
a -
J Configuring t
e d n on Persistent Settings for RMAN 3-5
S y a Viewing Persistent Settings 3-6
Managing Persistent Settings 3-7
Specifying a Retention Policy 3-8
Recovery Window Retention Policy: Example 3-10
Quiz 3-11
Using a Fast Recovery Area 3-12
Configuring the Fast Recovery Area 3-14
Sizing the Fast Recovery Area 3-16
Fast Recovery Area Space Management 3-18
Multiplexing Control Files 3-20
Control File Autobackups 3-21
Best Practice: Multiplexing Redo Log Files 3-23
Multiplexing the Redo Log 3-24
Creating Archived Redo Log Files 3-25
Configuring ARCHIVELOG Mode 3-26

iv
 Quiz 3-27
Summary 3-28
Practice Overview: Configuring for Recoverability 3-29
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4 Using the RMAN Recovery Catalog

Objectives 4-2
RMAN Repository Data Storage: Comparison of Options 4-3
Storing Information in the Recovery Catalog 4-4
Reasons to Use a Recovery Catalog 4-5
Creating the Recovery Catalog: Three Steps 4-6
Configuring the Recovery Catalog Database 4-7
h a s
Creating the Recovery Catalog Owner 4-8
m)
Creating the Recovery Catalog 4-9
e r ฺco
a k k ฺ
Managing Target Database Records in the Recovery Catalog 4-10
r
plt uide
Registering a Database in the Recovery Catalog 4-11
t
@ nt G
Unregistering a Target Database from the Recovery Catalog 4-13
a n
h a ss tude
Recovery Catalog Resynchronization: Concepts 4-14

z a ibฺ his S
Manually Resynchronizing the Recovery Catalog 4-15

h a n se t
Using RMAN Stored Scripts 4-16

(ja to u
Executing RMAN Stored Scripts 4-17
n
s s a nse
Maintaining RMAN Stored Scripts 4-18
a lice
Backing Up the Recovery Catalog 4-19
H
in ble
Creating and Using Virtual Private Catalogs 4-20
B
a ib sfera
Creating a Virtual Private Catalog with VPD 4-21
z
h a n ran
Creating a Virtual Private Catalog 4-22
J a on-tManaging Virtual Private Catalogs 4-23
S yed a n Upgrading Virtual Private Catalogs to 12c 4-24
Quiz 4-25
Summary 4-27
Practice Overview: Using the RMAN Recovery Catalog 4-28

5 Backup Strategies and Terminology

Objectives 5-2
Backup Solutions: Overview 5-3
Backup Terminology 5-4
Balancing Backup and Restore Requirements 5-5
Comparing Backup Strategies 5-7
Option 1: Full and Incremental Backups 5-8
Option 2: Incrementally Updated Disk Backups 5-9
Option 3: Offloading Backups to Physical Standby Database in Data Guard
Environment 5-10

v
 Backing Up Read-Only Tablespaces 5-11
Data Warehouse Backup and Recovery: Best Practices 5-12
Additional Backup Terminology 5-13
Creating Backup Sets 5-14
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Creating Image Copies 5-15

Creating a Whole Database Backup 5-16
Quiz 5-18
Summary 5-21
Practice Overview: Developing a Backup Strategy 5-22
Case Study 1: How to Protect an OLTP Database 5-23
Case Study 2: How to Protect a DSS Database 5-24
h a s
Case Study 3: How to Protect the Recovery Catalog Database 5-25
m )
e r ฺco
6 Performing Backups
a k k ฺ
Objectives 6-2 r
plt uide
RMAN Backup Types 6-3 t
@ nt G
a n
ass Stude
Incrementally Updated Backups 6-5
Incrementally Updated Backups: Example 6-6 ฺh
z a ib his
Fast Incremental Backup 6-7
h a n 6-8 se t
n (ja 6-9 to u
Maintaining Block Change Tracking File

s s a nse
Monitoring Block Change Tracking
a licand
Automatic Disk-to-Disk
H Backup e Recovery 6-10
in Backup
Oracle-Suggested
B b le 6-11
aib onnBackups
Reporting a
fer 6-12
n z
aUsing -Dynamic s
a h t r a Views 6-13
d J Managing
n on Backups: Cross-Checking and Deleting 6-14
S y e a Quiz 6-15
Summary 6-17
Practice Overview: Creating Incremental Backups 6-18

7 Improving Your Backups

Objectives 7-2
Saving Backup Space with Unused Block Compression 7-3
Compressing Backups 7-4
Using RMAN Backup Compression 7-5
Quiz 7-6
Using a Media Manager 7-7
Configuring Backup and Restore for Very Large Files 7-9
Backing Up and Restoring Very Large Files 7-10
Creating RMAN Multisection Backups 7-11
Creating Proxy Copies 7-12

vi
 Creating Duplexed Backup Sets by Using BACKUP COPIES 7-13
Creating Backups of Backup Sets 7-14
Archival Backups: Concepts 7-15
Creating Archival Backups with RMAN 7-17
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Managing Archival Database Backups 7-18

Backing Up Recovery Files 7-19
Backing Up the Control File to a Trace File 7-20
Cataloging Additional Backup Files 7-21
Backing Up ASM Disk Group Metadata 7-22
Quiz 7-23
Summary 7-25
h a s
Practice Overview: Backing Up Additional Files 7-26
m )
e r ฺco
8 Using RMAN-Encrypted Backups
a k k ฺ
Objectives 8-2 r
plt uide
RMAN-Encrypted Backups 8-3 t
@ nt G
a n
Comparing OSB and RMAN Encryption 8-4
h a ss tude
Creating RMAN-Encrypted Backups 8-5
z a ibฺ his S
What Is TDE? 8-6
h a n se t
n (ja to u
Using Transparent-Mode Encryption 8-7
Backing Up the Keystore a
s s 8-9
e n se
i n Ha Encryption
Configuring RMAN Encryption
Using Password-Mode l e l ic 8-11
8-10

i b B feEncryption
UsingaDual-Mode rab 8-12
n z s
a h - t an Backups: Considerations 8-13
aRMAN-Encrypted
r
d J Restoring
n on Encrypted Backups 8-14
S y e a Quiz 8-15
Summary 8-16
Practice Overview: Using RMAN-Encrypted Backups 8-17

9 Diagnosing Failures
Objectives 9-2
Reducing Problem Diagnosis Time 9-3
Automatic Diagnostic Workflow 9-4
Automatic Diagnostic Repository 9-5
ADR Command-Line Tool (ADRCI) 9-6
V$DIAG_INFO View 9-7
Data Recovery Advisor 9-8
Data Failure: Examples 9-11
Data Recovery Advisor RMAN Command-Line Interface 9-12
Listing Data Failures 9-13

vii
 Advising on Repair 9-15
Executing Repairs 9-16
Classifying (and Closing) Failures 9-17
Data Recovery Advisor Views 9-18
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Quiz 9-19
What Is Block Corruption? 9-22
Block Corruption Symptoms: ORA-01578 9-23
How to Handle Corruption 9-24
Setting Parameters to Detect Corruption 9-25
Block Media Recovery 9-26
Prerequisites for Block Media Recovery 9-27
h a s
Recovering Individual Blocks 9-28
m )
Best Practice: Proactive Checks 9-29
e r ฺco
Checking for Block Corruption 9-30
a k k ฺ
Automatic Block Repair: Primary Database 9-31 r
plt uide
Automatic Block Repair: Physical Standby Database 9-32 t
@ nt G
a n
Summary 9-33
h a ss tude
z a ibฺ his S
Practice Overview: Diagnosing Database Failure 9-34

h a n se t
10 Restore and Recovery Concepts
n (ja to u
Objectives 10-2
s s a nse
a 10-3
Understanding File Loss
H l i c e
in ble10-4
Data Repair Techniques
B
a
Restoring
z f era 10-6
ibandsRecovering
h a n RMAN
Using
r anRESTORE and RECOVER Commands 10-7
a
J Instance - t
e d n on Failure 10-8
S y a Understanding Instance Recovery 10-9
Phases of Instance Recovery 10-10
Tuning Instance Recovery 10-11
Using the MTTR Advisor 10-12
Media Failure 10-13
Comparing Complete and Incomplete Recovery 10-14
Complete Recovery Process 10-15
Point-in-Time Recovery Process 10-16
Recovery with RESETLOGS Option 10-18
Quiz 10-19
Summary 10-23
Practice Overview: Restore and Recovery Concepts 10-24
Case Study 1 10-25
Case Study 2 10-26
Case Study 3 10-27

viii
 11 Performing Recovery I
Objectives 11-2
Ensuring Backups Are Available 11-3
Restoring in NOARCHIVELOG Mode 11-4
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Recovery with Incremental Backups in NOARCHIVELOG Mode 11-5

Performing Complete Recovery 11-6
Restoring ASM Disk Groups 11-8
Restoring ASM Disk Groups: Examples 11-9
What You Already Know About Recovering Image Copies 11-10
Recovering Image Copies: Example 11-11
Performing a Fast Switch to Image Copies 11-12
h a s
Using SET NEWNAME for Switching Files 11-13
m )
Using Restore Points 11-14
e r ฺco
Performing Point-in-Time Recovery 11-15
a k k ฺ
Quiz 11-17 r
plt uide
Summary 11-18 t
@ nt G
a n
Practice Overview: Performing Recovery I 11-19
h a ss tude
z a ibฺ his S
12 Performing Recovery II
h a n se t
Objectives 12-2
(ja tFile o u
Recovery from Loss of Server
s n
a nse Parameter 12-3
s
Restoring the ServeraParameter
i c eFile from the Control File Autobackup 12-4
Loss of a Control
H
in File b12-5
le l
B a
n z aib nfrom
Recovering
s fether Loss of All Control File Copies: Overview 12-6
a h aRestoring
- t r athe Control File from Autobackup 12-7
d J Restoring
n on the SPFILE and the Control File 12-8
S y e a Quiz 12-9
Recovering NOLOGGING Database Objects 12-10
Loss of a Redo Log File 12-11
Log Group Status: Review 12-13
Recovering from the Loss of a Redo Log Group 12-14
Clearing a Log File 12-15
Re-creating a Password Authentication File 12-16
Recovering from a Lost Index Tablespace 12-18
Recovering a Read-Only Tablespace 12-19
Automatic Tempfile Recovery 12-20
Restoring and Recovering the Database on a New Host 12-21
Preparing to Restore the Database to a New Host 12-22
Restoring the Database to a New Host 12-23
Performing Disaster Recovery 12-27
Restoring Encrypted Backups 12-29

ix
 Quiz 12-30
Summary 12-31
Practice Overview: Performing Recoveries 12-32
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13 RMAN and Oracle Secure Backup

Objectives 13-2
Oracle Secure Backup: Overview 13-3
Oracle Secure Backup Interface Options 13-4
Managing Data to Be Protected 13-5
Backup Pieces and Backup Images 13-6
RMAN and Oracle Secure Backup: Overview 13-7
h a s
RMAN and Oracle Secure Backup Basic Process Flow 13-8
m)
Quiz 13-9
e r ฺco
Starting with Oracle Secure Backup 13-10
a k k ฺ
Performing Installation Tasks 13-11 r
plt uide
Verifying Your Installation 13-12 t
@ nt G
a n
h a ss tude
Securing Data and Access to the Backup Domain 13-13
Preauthorization 13-14
z a ibฺ his S
h a n se t
Defining Retention for RMAN Backups 13-15

(ja to u
Media Management Expiration Policies for Automated Tape Recycling 13-16
n
s s a nse
Database Backup Storage Selector 13-17
a lice
Setting Media Management Parameters in RMAN 13-18
H
in ble
Summary of OSB Configuration for RMAN 13-19
B
a ib sfera
Backing Up the Fast Recovery Area to Tape 13-20
z
h a n ran
Oracle Secure Backup Jobs 13-21
J a on-t
Displaying Log Files and Transcripts 13-22
S yed a n Common obtool Commands 13-23
Quiz 13-24
Summary 13-28
Practice Overview: Installing and Configuring Oracle Secure Backup 13-29

14 Using Flashback Technologies

Objectives 14-2
Flashback Technologies Error Detection and Correction 14-3
What You Already Know About Transactions and Undo 14-4
Flashback Technology 14-5
Preparing Your Database for Flashback 14-7
Guaranteeing Undo Retention 14-8
Quiz 14-9
Using Flashback Technology to Query Data 14-10
Flashback Query 14-11

x
 Flashback Version Query 14-12
Flashback Table: Overview 14-13
Flashback Table 14-14
Flashback Table: Considerations 14-15
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Flashback Transaction Query 14-16

Flashback Transaction Query: Considerations 14-17
Flashback Transaction Backout 14-18
Flashing Back a Transaction 14-19
Best Practices: Undo-based Flashback Flashback Query, Flashback Table 14-20
Flashback Drop and the Recycle Bin 14-21
Recycle Bin 14-22
h a s
Bypassing the Recycle Bin 14-23
m)
Using Flashback Data Archives 14-24
e r ฺco
Creating a Temporal History and Enabling Archiving 14-25
a k k ฺ
How the Flashback Data Archive Works 14-26 r
plt uide
t
@ nt G
Collecting User Context in Temporal History 14-27
a n
Transparent Schema Evolution 14-28
h a ss tude
Full Schema Evolution 14-29
z a ibฺ his S
h a n se t
Temporal Validity and History 14-30

(ja to u
Using the PERIOD FOR Clause 14-31
n
s s a nse
Filtering on Valid-Time Columns: Example 1 14-32
a lice
Filtering on Valid-Time Columns: Example 2 14-33
H
in ble
Using DBMS_FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE 14-34
B
a ib sfera
Quiz 14-35
z
h a n ran
Summary 14-37
J a on-t
Practice Overview: Using Flashback Technologies 14-38
S yed a n
15 Flashback Database
Objectives 15-2
Flashback Database: Continuous Data Protection 15-3
Flashback Database 15-4
Flashback Database Architecture 15-5
Configuring Flashback Database 15-6
Flashback Database: Examples 15-7
Flashback Database Considerations 15-8
Monitoring Flashback Database Information 15-9
Guaranteed Restore Points 15-11
Flashback Database and Guaranteed Restore Points 15-12
Best Practices: Flashback Database 15-13
Quiz 15-15
Summary 15-17

xi
 Practice Overview: Flashback Database 15-18

16 Transporting Data
Objectives 16-2
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Transporting Data Across Platforms 16-3

Transporting Data with Minimum Down Time 16-4
Transporting a Tablespace with Image Copies 16-5
Determining the Endian Format of a Platform 16-6
Using the RMAN CONVERT Command 16-7
Quiz 16-8
Transporting Data with Backup Sets 16-9
h a s
Process Steps: 1 16-10
m )
Process Steps: 2 16-11
e r ฺco
Transporting Inconsistent Tablespaces 16-12
a k k ฺ
Database Transport: Using Data Files 16-13 r
plt uide
Database Transportation Procedure 16-14 t
@ nt G
a n
Database Transportation: Conversion 16-15
h a ss tude
z a ibฺ his S
Database Transportation: Example 1 16-16

h a n se t
Database Transportation: Example 2 16-17

(ja to u
Database Transportation: Considerations 16-18
n
s s a nse
Database Transport with Backup Sets: 1 16-19
a lice
Database Transport with Backup Sets: 2 16-20
H
in ble
Quiz 16-21
B
a ib sfera
Summary 16-23
z
h a n ran
Practice Overview: Transporting Data 16-24
J a on-t
S yed 17a Performing
n Point-in-Time Recovery
Objectives 17-2
Point-in-Time Recovery 17-3
When to Use TSPITR 17-4
PITR Terminology 17-5
Tablespace Point-in-Time Recovery: Architecture 17-6
Preparing for PITR 17-8
Determining the Correct Target Time 17-9
Determining the Tablespaces for the Recovery Set 17-10
Identifying Objects That Will Be Lost 17-11
Performing RMAN TSPITR 17-12
Performing Fully Automated TSPITR 17-13
Improving TSPITR Performance 17-14
Performing RMAN TSPITR with an RMAN-Managed Auxiliary Instance 17-15
Performing RMAN TSPITR by Using Your Own Auxiliary Instance 17-16

xii
 Troubleshooting RMAN TSPITR 17-17
Quiz 17-18
Recovering Tables from Backups 17-19
Table Recovery: Graphical Overview 17-20
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Prerequisites and Limitations 17-21

Specifying the Recovery Point in Time 17-22
Process Steps of Table Recovery: 1 17-23
Process Steps of Table Recovery: 2 17-24
Quiz 17-25
Summary 17-26
Practice Overview: Performing Point-in-Time Recovery 17-27
h a s
m)
18 Duplicating a Database
e r ฺco
Objectives 18-2
a k k ฺ
Using a Duplicate Database 18-3 r
plt uide
Choosing Database Duplication Techniques 18-4 t
@ nt G
a n
h a ss tude
Duplicating an Active Database with “Push” 18-5

z a ibฺ his S
“Push” Versus “Pull” Methods of Duplication 18-6

h a n se t
Duplicating a Database with a Target Connection 18-7

(ja to u
Duplicating a Database with Recovery Catalog Without Target Connection 18-8
n
s s a nse
Duplicating a Database Without Recovery Catalog or Target Connection 18-9
a lice
Creating a Backup-Based Duplicate Database 18-10
H
in ble
Creating an Initialization Parameter File for the Auxiliary Instance 18-11
B
a ib sfera
Specifying New Names for Your Destination 18-12
z
h a n ran
Using the SET NEWNAME Clauses 18-13
J a on-t
Substitution Variables for SET NEWNAME 18-14
S yed a n Specifying Parameters for File Naming 18-15
Starting the Instance in NOMOUNT Mode 18-16
Ensuring That Backups and Archived Redo Log Files Are Available 18-17
Allocating Auxiliary Channels 18-18
Understanding the RMAN Duplication Operation 18-19
Specifying Options for the DUPLICATE Command 18-21
Using Additional DUPLICATE Command Options 18-22
Quiz 18-23
Summary 18-24
Practice Overview: Duplicating a Database 18-25

19 RMAN Troubleshooting and Tuning

Objectives 19-2
Interpreting RMAN Message Output 19-3
Using the DEBUG Option 19-4

xiii
 Interpreting RMAN Error Stacks 19-5
Processing an RMAN Command 19-6
Troubleshooting with RMAN 19-7
Is There a Problem? 19-8
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Diagnosing Performance Bottlenecks 19-9

Diagnosing Performance Bottlenecks: Read Phase 19-10
Is There a “Write” Problem? 19-11
Diagnosing Performance Bottlenecks: Write or Copy Phase 19-12
Using Dynamic Views to Diagnose RMAN Performance 19-13
Monitoring RMAN Job Progress 19-14
Identifying Backup and Restore Bottlenecks 19-16
h a s
Asynchronous I/O Bottlenecks 19-17
m )
Synchronous I/O Bottlenecks 19-18
e r ฺco
Tuning RMAN Backup Performance 19-19
a k k ฺ
Parallelization of Backup Sets 19-20 r
plt uide
Setting LARGE_POOL_SIZE 19-22 t
@ nt G
a n
RMAN Multiplexing 19-23
h a ss tude
z a ibฺ his S
Restore and Recovery Performance: Best Practices 19-25
Quiz 19-26
h a n se t
Summary 19-27
n (ja to u
s s a nse
Practice Overview: RMAN Troubleshooting and Tuning 19-28

H a lice
20 Introduction to
B inthe Oracle
b le Database Backup Cloud Service
aib n20-2
Objectives
fer a
n z s
aBacking-trUpa and Recovering Database Deployments 20-3
a h
J Backup
e d n on Destinations 20-4
S y a Utilities to Back Up and Recover 20-5
On-Demand Backup 20-6
On-Demand Recovery 20-7
Backup an On-Premises Database to the Oracle Database Backup Service 20-8
Download and Install the Backup Module 20-9
Configure RMAN and Test Backup Module 20-10
Quiz 20-11
Summary 20-12
Oracle Cloud Training 20-13
Practice Overview: Cloud Tooling for Backup and Recovery 20-14

21 Workshop Overview
Objectives 21-2
Workshop Structure and Approach 21-3
Business Requirements for the Workshop Database 21-5

xiv
 Diagnosing the Failures 21-6
Summary 21-7

A Your Learning
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Overview A-2
Enterprise Manager Database Express Menus A-5
Request Handling in EM Express A-6
Oracle SQL Developer: Connections A-7
Oracle SQL Developer: DBA Actions A-8
Continuing Your Learning A-9
Further Information A-10
h a s
Suggested Oracle University ILT Courses A-11
m )
e r ฺco
a k k ฺ
r
plt uide
t
@ nt G
a n
h a ss tude
z a ibฺ his S
h a n se t
n (ja to u
s s a nse
H a lice
B in ble
z a ib sfera
h a n ran
J a on-t
S yed a n

xv
Unauthorized reproduction or distribution prohibitedฺ Copyright© 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliatesฺ

h a s
m )
e r ฺco
a k k ฺ
r
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