Table of Contents

Volume 1
Course Introduction 1
Overview 1
Outline 2
Course Objectives 3
Cisco Certifications 4
Learner Skills and Knowledge 5
Learner Responsibilities 6
General Administration 7
Course Flow Diagram 8
Icons and Symbols 9
Learner Introductions 10
MPLS VPN Review 1-1
Overview 1-1
Objectives 1-1
Outline 1-1
Basic MPLS Concepts 1-3
Overview 1-3
Relevance 1-3
Objectives 1-3
Learner Skills and Knowledge 1-3
Outline 1-4
Basic MPLS Concepts 1-5
MPLS Architecture 1-6
MPLS Labels 1-8
Label Switch Routers 1-10
Lesson Summary 1-13
References 1-13
Lesson Review 1-14
Lesson Answer Key 1-15
Label Distribution in Frame-Mode MPLS 1-17
Overview 1-17
Relevance 1-17
Objectives 1-17
Learner Skills and Knowledge 1-17
Outline 1-18
Label Allocation in a Frame-Mode MPLS Network 1-19
Label Distribution and Advertisement 1-21
Populating the LFIB 1-24
Packet Propagation Across an MPLS Network 1-25
Penultimate Hop Popping 1-26
Lesson Summary 1-28
References 1-28
Lesson Review 1-29
Lesson Answer Key 1-30
Configuring MPLS 1-31
Overview 1-31
Relevance 1-31
Objectives 1-31
Learner Skills and Knowledge 1-31
 Outline 1-31
Configuring IP CEF 1-32
Configuring MPLS on a Frame-Mode Interface 1-34
Configuring the MTU Size in Label Switching 1-37
Lesson Summary 1-39
References 1-39
Lesson Review 1-40
Lesson Answer Key 1-41
MPLS VPN Routing Model and Packet Forwarding 1-43
Overview 1-43
Relevance 1-43
Objectives 1-43
Learner Skills and Knowledge 1-43
Outline 1-44
Propagation of Routing Information Across the P-Network 1-45
Route Distinguishers 1-47
Route Targets 1-50
End-to-End Routing Information Flow 1-53
MPLS VPNs and Packet Forwarding 1-56
Lesson Summary 1-58
References 1-58
Lesson Review 1-59
Lesson Answer Key 1-60
Configuring Simple MPLS VPNs 1-61
Overview 1-61
Relevance 1-61
Objectives 1-61
Learner Skills and Knowledge 1-61
Outline 1-62
Configuring VRF Tables 1-63
Configuring an MP-BGP Session Between PE Routers 1-65
Configuring Routing Protocols Between PE and CE Routers 1-66
Lesson Summary 1-75
References 1-75
Lesson Review 1-76
Lesson Answer Key 1-77
Module Assessment 1-79
Overview 1-79
Quiz: MPLS VPN Review 1-80
Objectives 1-80
Instructions 1-80
Quiz 1-80
Scoring 1-81
Module Assessment Answer Key 1-82
Carrier Supporting Carrier 2-1
Overview 2-1
Objectives 2-1
Outline 2-1
Carrier’s Carrier Overview 2-3
Overview 2-3
Relevance 2-3
Objectives 2-3
Learner Skills and Knowledge 2-3

ii Implementing Cisco MPLS Traffic Engineering and Other Features (MPLST) v2.0 Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc.
 Outline 2-4
Carrier Supporting Carrier 2-5
Benefits of CSC 2-7
How CSC Works 2-9
Lesson Summary 2-10
References 2-10
Lesson Review 2-11
Lesson Answer Key 2-12
Implementing the CSC Models 2-13
Overview 2-13
Relevance 2-13
Objectives 2-13
Learner Skills and Knowledge 2-13
Outline 2-14
CSC Models 2-15
Customer Carrier: Native IP 2-16
Customer Carrier: MPLS and LDP 2-25
Customer Carrier: MPLS and EBGP 2-30
Customer Carrier: MPLS VPNs 2-35
Lesson Summary 2-38
References 2-38
Next Steps 2-38
Lesson Review 2-39
Lesson Answer Key 2-41
MPLS Traffic Engineering Technology 3-1
Overview 3-1
Objectives 3-1
Outline 3-1
Traffic Engineering Concepts 3-3
Overview 3-3
Relevance 3-3
Objectives 3-3
Learner Skills and Knowledge 3-3
Outline 3-4
What Is Traffic Engineering? 3-5
Business Drivers for Traffic Engineering 3-7
Congestion Avoidance and Traffic Engineering 3-10
Traffic Engineering with a Layer 2 Overlay Model 3-11
Traffic Engineering with a Layer 3 Model 3-15
Traffic Engineering with the MPLS-TE Model 3-17
Lesson Summary 3-19
References 3-19
Lesson Review 3-20
Lesson Answer Key 3-21
MPLS Traffic Engineering Components 3-23
Overview 3-23
Relevance 3-23
Objectives 3-23
Learner Skills and Knowledge 3-23
Outline 3-24
Traffic Tunnels: Concepts 3-25
Traffic Tunnels: Characteristics 3-27
Traffic Tunnels: Attributes 3-28

Copyright  2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. Implementing Cisco MPLS Traffic Engineering and Other Features (MPLST) v2.0 iii
 Network Links and Link Attributes 3-30
Constraint-Based Path Computation 3-31
Role of RSVP in Path Setup Procedures 3-35
Forwarding Table Modifications 3-36
Lesson Summary 3-38
References 3-38
Lesson Review 3-39
Lesson Answer Key 3-40
Constraint-Based Path Computation 3-41
Overview 3-41
Relevance 3-41
Objectives 3-41
Learner Skills and Knowledge 3-41
Outline 3-42
Constraint-Based Path Computation Attributes 3-43
MPLS-TE Link Resource Attributes 3-44
MPLS-TE Tunnel Attributes 3-48
Implementing TE Policies with Affinity Bits 3-53
Propagating MPLS-TE Link Attributes with Link-State Routing 3-57
Constraint-Based Path Computation 3-61
Lesson Summary 3-68
References 3-68
Lesson Review 3-69
Lesson Answer Key 3-70
Path Setup and Maintenance 3-71
Overview 3-71
Relevance 3-71
Objectives 3-71
Learner Skills and Knowledge 3-71
Outline 3-72
Path Setup 3-73
RSVP Usage in Path Setup 3-75
Hop-by-Hop Path Setup with RSVP 3-76
Tunnel and Link Admission Control 3-81
Path Rerouting 3-83
Path Reoptimization 3-84
Path Rerouting: Link Failure 3-86
Lesson Summary 3-88
References 3-88
Lesson Review 3-89
Lesson Answer Key 3-90
Assigning Traffic to Traffic Tunnels 3-91
Overview 3-91
Relevance 3-91
Objectives 3-91
Learner Skills and Knowledge 3-91
Outline 3-92
Traffic Flow Modifications 3-93
Static Routing Pointing to a Tunnel 3-94
Solving the BGP Next-Hop Problem 3-95
IP Forwarding Database Modification with Autoroute 3-96
Autoroute Path Selection Rules 3-97
Autoroute Examples 3-98
Forwarding Adjacency 3-103

iv Implementing Cisco MPLS Traffic Engineering and Other Features (MPLST) v2.0 Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc.
 Lesson Summary 3-107
References 3-107
Lesson Review 3-108
Lesson Answer Key 3-109
Module Assessment 3-111
Overview 3-111
Quiz: MPLS Traffic Engineering Technology 3-112
Objectives 3-112
Instructions 3-112
Quiz 3-112
Scoring 3-113
Module Assessment Answer Key 3-114
Configuring MPLS Traffic Engineering 4-1
Overview 4-1
Objectives 4-1
Outline 4-1
Configuring MPLS Traffic Engineering on Cisco IOS Platforms 4-3
Overview 4-3
Relevance 4-3
Objectives 4-3
Learner Skills and Knowledge 4-4
Outline 4-4
MPLS-TE Configuration Road Map 4-5
Enabling Device-Level MPLS-TE Support 4-6
Enabling MPLS-TE on an Interface 4-8
Enabling MPLS-TE Support in IS-IS 4-13
Enabling MPLS-TE Support in OSPF 4-16
Creating and Configuring a Traffic Tunnel 4-18
Deploying Traffic Tunnels with Autoroute and Forwarding Adjacency 4-25
Implementing MPLS-TE 4-27
Lesson Summary 4-32
References 4-32
Lesson Review 4-33
Lesson Answer Key 4-34
Advanced MPLS-TE Path Selection 4-35
Overview 4-35
Relevance 4-35
Objectives 4-35
Learner Skills and Knowledge 4-35
Outline 4-36
MPLS-TE Case Study 4-37
Creating Dynamic Path Options for a Traffic Tunnel 4-40
Creating Explicit Path Options for a Traffic Tunnel 4-45
Assigning Traffic to Traffic Tunnels with Static Routes 4-48
Configuring Periodic and Event-Triggered Optimization 4-49
Configuring Path Selection Restrictions 4-53
Example: Configuring Affinity Bits on Tunnels 4-55
Modifying Administrative Weight 4-59
Autoroute Forwarding Engine 4-61
Lesson Summary 4-64
References 4-64
Lesson Review 4-65
Lesson Answer Key 4-66

Copyright  2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. Implementing Cisco MPLS Traffic Engineering and Other Features (MPLST) v2.0 v
 Advanced MPLS-TE Link Protection 4-67
Overview 4-67
Relevance 4-67
Objectives 4-67
Learner Skills and Knowledge 4-67
Outline 4-68
Improving Convergence Time 4-69
Configuring Parallel Tunnels 4-70
Drawbacks of Parallel Tunnels 4-72
Fast Reroute 4-74
Link Protection with FRR 4-76
Node Protection with FRR 4-78
Fast Reroute Configuration 4-80
Lesson Summary 4-83
References 4-83
Lesson Review 4-84
Lesson Answer Key 4-85
Advanced MPLS-TE Bandwidth Control 4-87
Overview 4-87
Relevance 4-87
Objectives 4-87
Learner Skills and Knowledge 4-87
Outline 4-88
Bandwidth Reservation with Autobandwidth 4-89
Autobandwidth Configuration Commands 4-92
DiffServ-Aware Service 4-94
DiffServ-Aware Service Configuration Commands 4-99
Lesson Summary 4-101
References 4-101
Lesson Review 4-102
Lesson Answer Key 4-103
MPLS-TE Interarea Support 4-105
Overview 4-105
Relevance 4-105
Objectives 4-105
Learner Skills and Knowledge 4-105
Outline 4-106
MPLS-TE Without Interarea Support 4-107
Interarea MPLS-TE 4-108
Interarea MPLS-TE Detailed Operation 4-111
Interarea MPLS-TE Restoration 4-112
Lesson Summary 4-114
References 4-114
Lesson Review 4-115
Lesson Answer Key 4-116
Monitoring and Troubleshooting MPLS-TE 4-117
Overview 4-117
Relevance 4-117
Objectives 4-117
Learner Skills and Knowledge 4-117
Outline 4-118
Monitoring MPLS-TE Tunnels 4-119
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng tunnel brief Command 4-121
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng autoroute Command 4-122

vi Implementing Cisco MPLS Traffic Engineering and Other Features (MPLST) v2.0 Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc.
 Monitoring MPLS-TE 4-123
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng link-management summary Command 4-123
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng link-management interfaces Command 4-124
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng link-management
bandwidth-allocation Command 4-126
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng link-management
advertisements Command 4-127
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng link-management
admission-control Command 4-128
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng link-management
igp-neighbors Command 4-130
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng topology Command 4-130
Example: Usage of the show mpls traffic-eng topology path Command 4-132
Monitoring MPLS-TE Resource Usage on Intermediate Devices 4-133
Example: Usage of the show ip ospf database opaque-area Command 4-133
Example: Usage of the show ip ospf Command 4-134
Example: Usage of the show isis database verbose Command 4-135
Example: Usage of the show isis mpls traffic-eng adjacency-log Command 4-136
Example: Usage of the show isis mpls traffic-eng advertisements Command 4-137
Example: Usage of the show isis mpls traffic-eng tunnel Command 4-138
Troubleshooting Device and Link Setup 4-139
Lesson Summary 4-140
References 4-140
Next Steps 4-140
Lesson Review 4-141
Lesson Answer Key 4-142

Copyright  2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. Implementing Cisco MPLS Traffic Engineering and Other Features (MPLST) v2.0 vii
viii Implementing Cisco MPLS Traffic Engineering and Other Features (MPLST) v2.0 Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc.