CBC:

Reference value: Result: Interpretation:

Total WBC 5-10 x 10⁹/L 13.4 x 10⁹/L A high white blood
cell count could
indicate: Infection,
Inflammation, and
trauma, use of certain
medications, such as
corticosteroids,
antibiotics or anti-
seizure drugs,
Allergy, Severe
physical or emotional
stress.
Males: 140-180 111.0 One of the most
Hemoglobin common causes of
low hemoglobin count
is malnutrition. There
are a lot of
deficiencies which
directly affect the
hemoglobin count,
like vitamin
deficiency, especially
deficiency of vitamin
B12.
0.40-0.60 0.76
Leucolyte type: Neutrophils A high neutrophil
count would indicate
an infection or
physical stress.

Sputum Specimen:

Date of Sputum Result: Interpretation:

Specimen:

Nov. 15, 2010 Purulent It means the sputum contains pus.

Nov.17,2010 Bloodstained Blood stained sputum is known as

hemoptysis. Blood can come from
anywhere in the respiratory tract,
including the nose, mouth, throat, the
passages of airway leading to lungs, as
well as the lungs itself. It is an indicator of
conditions such as heart problems,
trauma, infections, or lung diseases.
However the most common cause
causing hemoptysis worldwide is
tuberculosis.
Nov. 19,2010 Purulent It means the sputum contains pus.

Electrolytes:

Exam: Reference: Result: Interpretation:

135-148 mmol/L 134.5mmol/L A slightly low level of
Sodium (Na) blood sodium means
the client might be
having hyponatremia,
which is usually due
to too much sodium
loss because of water
retention. In a number
of diseases
(particularly those
involving the brain
and the lungs, and
with some drugs), the
body makes too
much anti-diuretic
hormone (ADH),
causing you to keep
too much water in the
body.
3.5-5.3 mmol/L 3.19 mmol/L Occasionally, a mildly
Potassium (K) low potassium level is
found to be due to a
poor diet. Often, the
patient's physician
has an idea about the
potential cause of a
severe deficiency:
prescription
medication, diarrhea,
vomiting, wound
drainage or disease. If
the cause is not
apparent, disorders,
such as bulimia,
fasting, excessive
sweating, laxative
abuse or an
undiagnosed illness
are considered.

98-107 mmol/L 95 mol/L

Chloride (Cl) Chloride in the
blood is an
important
 electrolyte and
works to ensure
that the body's
metabolism is
working correctly.
It helps maintain
the acid and base
balance in the
body. Low chloride
in the blood could
be due to Loss of
body fluids from
prolonged
vomiting, diarrhea,
sweating or high
fevers. Also, some
drugs can
influence the
cause on why it is
depleting such as:
bicarbonate,
corticosteroids,
diuretics, and
laxatives.

Chest X-Ray: (Nov 12, 2010)

• Exam shows hazy infiltrates in both lungs more on the left.

• True cardiac size is not ascertained.

• Other chest structures are unreachable.

Impression:

• Pneumonia versus Koch’s both lungs

• Suggest follow-up.