difference engine, a design for a simpler
A mechanical computer.
Abacus – It is the first manual data
processing device develop in China in the
12th Century A.D.
Accelerated Graphics Port - designed as a
high-speed point-to-point channel for
attaching a video card to a computer
system, primarily to assist in the
acceleration of 3D computer graphics. It
was originally designed as a successor to
PCI-type connections for video card
Accuracy – High speed processing by a
computer is accompanied by high
accuracy result
Alphanumeric Keys – keys of letters and
numbers
Analog Computer – are machines that
specialize in measuring
Arithmetic Logic Unit – (ALU) executes the
instruction stored in the main memory
Arrow Keys – are used for moving the
cursor or insertion point right, left, up,
and down
B forms the electrical interface and contact
Babbage’s Analytical Engine – was a
proposed mechanical general-purpose
computer designed by English
mathematician and computer pioneer
Charles Babbage. It was first described in
1837 as the successor to Babbage's
Basic Input Output Devices – it is the
software that contained in the memory
Binary – is the basic information
Bits – is the smallest unit of data in a
computer. A bit has a single binary value,
either 0 or 1
Braille Screen – a touch sensitive screen
intended for the blind
Bytes – group of binary
C
Capability – are speed, reliability,
adaptability, storage and accuracy
Casing – this is a cover that protects the
internal parts of the system unit
Central Processing Unit – (CPU) is the
main processing component of a
computer system that processes data. It is
found inside the system unit which serve
as our processing device
CPU Socket – is the connector on the
motherboard that houses a CPU and
with the CPU. Processor sockets use a pin
grid array (PGA) where pins on the
underside of the processor connect to
holes in the processor socket.
Compact Disk – can used to put sound and
images
CD – ROM – ( Compact Disc Read Only
Memory) uses the same technology to
read audio CDs but able to read
information to be used by computers it
quickly became the standard way sell data
for computers
CD – R – ( Compact Disc Recordable) are
CDs that a computer or recorder is able to
write to
CD – RW – (Compact Disc Rewriteable) the
pits and land are made of a metallic alloy
instead of a dye and are lasers use heat
instead of light
Computer – literally means to compute or
to calculate, it is general term for
electronic devices with process data to
generate the desired information
Control Unit – ( C.U.) it fetch the data and
instruction stored in the main memory of
the computer
D
Data Bus – is a communication system
that transfers data between components
inside a computer, or between
computers. This expression covers all
related hardware components and
software, including communication
protocols
Desktop Computer – it is also known as
personal computers,are designed for use
at a desk or table and run with windows
operating system designed by Microsoft
Corp., are typically larger and powerful
than other types of microcomputers like
Macintosh Computers and made up of
component such as the system unit,
monitor, mouse, and keyboard
Digital camera – are small and portable
device designed to capture and store
pictures in digital format
Digital Versatile Disk – ( DVD) a type of
compact disc able to store large amounts
of data, especially high-resolution
audiovisual material.
Disc Drive – generic name for data storage
devices
Discipline – means that a computer can
self check and self – operate
Diskette – it is the another term for
Floppy Disk
Dot matrix -is the process of computer
printing from a collection of dot matrix
data to a device, which can be one of:
Impact dot matrix printers non-impact dot
matrix printers, such as inkjet, thermal, or
laser printers.
E
Earthly beads – The Lower deck of the
abacus kit indeed consists of vertical
columns of four beads each. Each earthly
bead counts to the value of one. Thus,
there are four earthly beads on each
vertical rod.
EDVAC – ( Electronic Discrete Variables
Automatic Computer ) it is proposed by
John Von Neuman, it was binary rather
than decimal
Encoder – the one who inputs data using
computer
ENIAC – ( Electronic Numerical Integrator
and Calculator) designed by John Mauchly
and John Presper Eckert Jr. 1st general
purpose computer could perform 300
multiplications per second
External Parts – parts that are found
outside the System Unit
F Personal Digital Assistants ( PDAs) and
Fan – keeps the microprocessor, power
supply and system unit from overheating
by taking in cool air and blowing out the
hot air. This CPU Fan is located usually at
the top of the CPU itself
Floppy Disc – is also known as diskette,
personal computer most commonly use,
floppy disk that are 3 ½ inch. in diameter
w/c have the capacity of 1.44MB
Function Keys – have different meanings
and functions depending on which
program is running
G loudspeaker drivers worn on or around
Game Controllers – used for gaming
purposes allowing the users to control
different characters on specific games
General Purpose Computer – these
machines have the capability of dealing
with variety of different problems and are
able to act in response to different
programs
Glidepad – a touch sensitive pad that acts
like a computer moves pointer/cursor
with the use of finger
H
Handheld Computer – are also called
battery powered computers, are less
powerful than desktops laptops
Hardcopy - a printed version on paper of
data held in a computer
Hard Disk – is found inside the computer
case which is made up of a stock of
rotating disk called PLATTERS, most
computer have the storage capacity of
their hard disk ranging from 20Gb up to
160GB, it is where the system file of a
computer are stored
Hardware – the physical parts of a
computer, these are the parts that we can
actually see and touch
Headphone - refer to a pair of small
the head over a user's ears. They are
electroacoustic transducers, which
convert an electrical signal to a
corresponding sound
Heavenly Beads - A horizontal crossbar
perpendicular to the rods separates the
abacus into two unequal parts. The beads
above the crossbar are known as heaven
beads, and those below the crossbar are
called earth beads. The numerical value of Internal Parts – parts that are found inside
each bead depends on its location in the the System Unit
abacus

Hertz – is measured on the CPU clock

cycle
Hollerith’s Punch Card Machine –
completed by Herman Hollerith, could
sort 300 cards/minute, first commercially
successful data processing machine
Hybrid Computer – are computers that
exhibit features of analog computer and
digital computers, combines the
measuring capabilities of digital
computers
J
Japanese Abacus - is an abacus developed
in Japan. It is derived from the ancient
Chinese suanpan, imported to Japan in
the 14th century. Like the suanpan, the
soroban is still used today, despite the
proliferation of practical and affordable
pocket electronic calculators
Joystick - is an input device consisting of a
stick that pivots on a base and reports its
angle or direction to the device it is

I controlling. A joystick, also known as the

Inkjet - is a type of computer printing that
recreates a digital image by propelling
droplets of ink onto paper and plastic
control column, is the principal control
device in the cockpit of many civilian and
military aircraft, either as a center stick or
side-stick

K
substrates. Inkjet printers are the most
commonly used type of printer, and range
from small inexpensive consumer models
to expensive professional machines
Keyboard – used to enter data into a
Input Devices – these refers to devices
computer, it has standard layout of
that interact with the computer because
letters, numbers, and punctuation
they accept instructions from the users

Integrated Circuit - is small chip that can
function as an amplifier, oscillator, timer,
microprocessor, or even computer
memory. An IC is a small wafer, usually
made of silicon, that can hold anywhere
from hundreds to millions of transistors,
resistors, and capacitors
L
Laptops - are thought to be the most
popular computer, operate on batteries
with electricity and combine the CPU
screen and keyboard into a single case,
have LCD screen that can fold down if it
not in use, are powerful as desktop
computers
Laser - a printer linked to a computer
producing good-quality printed material
by using a laser to form a pattern of
electrostatically charged dots on a light-
sensitive drum, which attract toner (or dry
ink powder). The toner is transferred to a
piece of paper and fixed by a heating
process
LED Switch – these are the lights in front
of the System Unit
Left Mouse Button – it is the frequently
used button
Leibniz’s Calculator – invented by
Gottfried Leibniz, a calculator that utilized
the same techniques for addition and
subtraction as Pascal device
Logical Operations – can make a decision
based on the alternative courses of action
Limitations - is its programming which is
limited by the capabilities the hardware
possesses. Physical limitations of a
computer are the amount of RAM and
storage it can access, the type and speed
of the CPU and other low level system
devices. No computer possesses
intelligence
M hand
Macintosh Computer – are popular
models of computer made by Apple
Computer, use graphical user interface
(GUI) that utilizes windows, icons, and a
mouse to make it relatively easy for
novices to use the computer oroductively
Mainframe Computer – are very large and
expensive computers capable of
supporting hundreds or even thousands
of users simultaneously
Memory Slots - or RAM slot is what allows
RAM (computer memory) to be inserted
into the computer. Most motherboards
have two to four memory slots
Memory Unit – it is the data or
instructions are located
Microcomputer – generally synonym for
the personal computer (PC) which is
designed for an individual, it has
microprocessor, it has a sized of regular
typewriter
Microphone – sound energy converted
into electrical energy
Modem – used to give new data to the
device like computer
Monitor – shows the process data on a
softcopy in screen
Motherboard – the circuit board that
includes all of the necessary chips and
slots to make the computer run
Mouse – a pointing device which sits your
surface and is held and moved with your
N
Napier’s Bones – invented by John Napier
a Scottish Mathematician, his bones are
set of 11 rods with no marked on them
Network Interface Card - is a hardware
component without which a computer
cannot be connected over a network. It is
a circuit board installed in a computer
that provides a dedicated network
connection to the computer. It is also
called network interface controller,
network adapter or LAN adapter
Numeric Keypad – a calculator like at the
right side of the keyboard
O Platters – is the circular disk on which
Oughtred’s Slide Rule – invented by
William Oughtred, a slide rule consist of 2
movable rulers placed side by side
Output Devices - is any piece of computer
hardware equipment which converts
information into human-readable form. It
can be text, graphics, tactile, audio, and
video
P
Palm Rest – where your palm rest while
using the mouse
Parallel Port – it allows cable to connect
the computer to a printer
Pascal’s Calculator - invented by Blaise
Pascal, a machine that could add and
subtract numbers containing up to 8 digits
People Ware – is a term used to refer to
one of the three core aspects of computer
technology, the other two being hardware
and software
Peripheral Component Interconnect -
(PCI) slot is a connecting apparatus for a
32-bit computer bus. These tools are built
into the motherboards of computers and
devices in order to allow for the addition
of PCI devices like modems, network
hardware or sound and video cards.
Personal System 2 Port – where the
mouse and keyboard devices are
connected to
magnetic data is stored in a hard disk
drive. The rigid nature of the platters in a
hard drive is what gives them their name.
Hard drives typically have several platters
which are mounted on the same spindle
Plotters – used for printing big posters
and billboard
Ports – the pins and holes
Power Port – it is the slot that provides
electricity to the computers
Power Supply – provides power to the
computer by converting the standard
voltage of your ordinary outlet into either
5 or 12 volt DC for the various parts of
your computer like hard disk
Power Switch – this switches the
computer on and off
Primary Storage – internal storage directly
used by the CPU in processing a data
Printer – is a peripheral device which
makes a persistent representation of
graphics or text, usually on paper

Projector – it is t

Q
QWERTY –

R
Random Access Memory –