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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Project Context

Financial accuracy is important when it comes to the contribution

and transaction process for the payment. However, the process still

takes time that manual computation would still be considered as the

reliable way to do it, even though it would greatly affect both the time

and accuracy of the financial aspect of the institution. Hence, creating a

computerized system with automated features is an effective way to

make the process better, efficient, and easier to manage.

Parent Teacher Association (PTA) is a voluntary association of

parents and teachers in a particular school established for its students’

development (Balaba, M. & De la Rama, J., 2015). In order to help the

school, realize its purpose, parents play some important roles such as;

raising money to help both the running and school activities, it also helps

the teachers to discipline the students. This can be managed well

through creating a computerized system for easing up the transaction

process in collecting money which is essential for school activities,

especially in public schools.

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The researchers from Mati National Comprehensive High School

produced a system that is useful and efficient to use in payment

transactions for the Senior High School level. The system is called PTA

CONTRIBUTION RECORDS SYSTEM, which can record the paying

contribution and update/retrieve record. It can also supervise and

handle the transaction for paying the contribution (Bebelone, I. et al,

2018).

The system for PTA in Tagum National Trade School makes the

transaction of every student and parent be easier to manage which is

almost the same as the system from Mati National Comprehensive High

School. However, the system takes much time for the transaction to

process since the cashier still uses calculator as a reliable manual

computation tool and may find it difficult to process due to taking up a

slow procedure which may affect the accuracy of the financial aspect

and can be another difficult task for the cashier that is the main reason

for delayed transaction and statements to be done. This is also the cause

of crowded lines and less satisfaction of the students and parents.

The researchers then make a system for the PTA of Tagum

National Trade School that is improved for a better transaction process

which is now known as TNTS PTA Cash System. The system is designed

with different functions such as the dynamic formula computation,

organized table of data for parent and student, export collection account
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into file, date wise report, and easy printing for an effortless transaction

process with less amount of time consumption. Since financial accuracy

is crucial, it will be essential for the cashier to keep the records of the

data.

Purpose and Description

The purpose of the study is to test the efficiency for the innovation

of the cash system to be known as TNTS PTA Cash System with the

added features that will benefit those who are involved to the

transaction within the institution.

The system has different features that for it to become efficient:

 Student/Parent Profile Management

 The cashier can add and delete Student/Parent Profile

based specifically on every grade level.

 The cashier can edit the Student/Parent Transaction

to update whether the transaction is being paid or

not.

 Dynamic Formula Computation

 The cashier can easily identify balances through the

automatic computation for every fees being

transacted.
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 File and Printing Features

 The cashier can print the receipt in an easy way

without having the access of other applications such

as Microsoft Word, Excel, etc.

 The cashier can export collection account into file

(.txt, .xls) which will automatically be saved.

 The cashier can print the collection account through

the exported file from the system.

 The cashier can adjust the Print Layout both for

collection account and receipt.

 The cashier can correct errors of the transaction

profile with Verification for Transparency.

 Organization

 The cashier can easily identify both the parent and

student through the parent/student separate data

table.

 The cashier can easily organize the collection report

based on the transaction date through date wise

report.

The TNTS PTA Cash System is composed of collection

information of each student and parent that is intended to record and

update their remarks and balances whenever they will transact to the
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cashier. In addition to this, they must be registered within the system

before they can transact to the system.

Objective of the Study

The aim of the study is to test the efficiency for the innovation of

the Cash System to be known as TNTS PTA Cash System with the added

features that will benefit those who are involved to the transaction

within the institution and to improve the system to be useful and

efficient in detailing the financial statement of PTA particularly the

Tagum National Trade School parent/student contribution.

Specifically, it aims to:

 Lessen time consumption of the transaction process

 Create an accurate collection report

 Compute accurate data dynamically

 Clearly state the balances from the transaction.

Scope and Limitation

The study intends to test the effectiveness and efficiency of the

added functions of the system. The respondents will be the randomly

selected parents and students of Tagum National Trade School to test

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the system whether it is effective or not. The only person to access the

system will be the cashier.

However, the system will only cover within the campus since it

revolves around to the organization and to the cash that circulates

within the institution.

Significance of the Study

The proposed study would be relevant in providing convenient and

standardized cash system for the PTA contribution of student and

parent. This system would also be beneficial to the following:

1. Cashier.

The cashier can easily compute all the payment and transactions

of both parents and students and the easy receipt printing. It can also

easily indicate balances.

2. Students and Parents.

The students and parents can easily identify their balance from

their transaction with less hassle through the dynamic computation and

accurate figures given from the data.

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3. Bookkeeper.

The bookkeeper can easily determine the school funds for the

school projects and needs to support the improvement of the students’

learning and safety through the accurate data of the financial

statements.

4. PTA Officers.

The PTA Officers can easily determine the school problem and

needs with the help of the bookkeeper by brainstorming ideas on how

to support the problem and needs for the school projects to support the

students’ learning.

5. Tagum National Trade School/ PTA.

Tagum National Trade School will improve by the help of the PTA

System and officers in which will contribute the expenses in an easy and

efficient way.

Definition of Terms

Accuracy- the condition or quality of being true, correct, or exact;

freedom from error or defect; precision or exactness; correctness.

(https://www.dictionary.com/browse/accuracy)
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- It refers to the financial aspect wherein all the specific data

rendered to the system is correct which can also reflect to the

output which is the collection report and receipt.

AJAX- is a web development technique for creating interactive web

applications and also a web browser technology independent of web

server software. (https://www.tutorialspoint.com/ajax/index.htm)

- It refers to framework which is used for creating interactive system

to make it independent to the web server.

Apache- the most popular Web server software. It enables a computer

to host one or more websites that can be accessed over the Internet

using a Web browser (https://techterms.com/definition/apache).

- It is used to access a web page to server to display and this web

server receive a request to display a web page.

Bookkeeper- a person who records the accounts or transactions of a

business. (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bookkeeper)

- It refers to the person in the study whose task is to keep the

financial accounts of the institution, particularly the collection

report of the organization.

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Cashier- is a person who takes money, makes change, issues receipts

and otherwise helps to facilitate customer transactions.

(https://www.yourdictionary.com/cashier)

- It refers to the person in the study wherein the main job is to

facilitate the process of taking in money and giving out change

transacted by the client, specifically the students and parents.

Cross-Platform- able to be used with different types of computer

systems and also use for GUI & 2D/3D graphics toolkit IDE and with

support for additional programming languages such as C and Python.

(https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/cross-platform)

- It refers to the system in which it can be interacted with different

computer systems with the additional support to other

programming languages being used.

HTTP Server- a program that uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

to serve the files that form Web pages to users, in response to their

requests, which are forwarded by their computers’ HTTP clients.

(https://serverblog.wordpress.com/2015/12/31/what-is-web-server/)

- It refers to the program of the system in which it is used to access

the file service to form user interface web pages to be forwarded

to the clients.
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JavaScript- is a scripting language, primarily used on the Web. It is

used to enhance HTML pages and is commonly found embedded in HTML

code and renders web pages in an interactive and dynamic fashion.

(https://www.techopedia.com/definition/3929/javascript-js)

- It refers to a programming language which is primarily used on

the system to enhance HTML pages and renders the system into

an interactive and dynamic one.

JQuery- is an open-sourced JavaScript library that simplifies creation

and navigation of web applications.

(https://www.theserverside.com/definition/jQuery)

- It refers to an open-source library framework that helps simplify

the navigation of the system.

MariaDB- an open source relational database management system

(DBMS) that is a compatible drop-in replacement for the widely used

MySQL database technology. (https://en.vcenter.ir/database/mariadb-

definition/)

- It refers to managing the database in which the data is saved and

stored to the server of the system.

MySQL- an Oracle-backed open source relational database

management system based on Structured Query Language (SQL). It

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runs on virtually on all platforms, including Linux, UNIX, and Windows

and it is most often associated with web applications and online

publishing. (https://searchoracle.techtarget.com/definition/MySQL)

- It refers to the database system which is best associated with the

system that mainly focused on to managing the input of data

being created.

Perl- a scripting language which uses a syntax similar to C/C++. It is

commonly used by Web programmers to create scripts for Web servers.

(https://techterms.com/definition/perl)

- It refers to the programming language wherein its main focus is

to create scripts for web server to be used in the system.

PHP- Hypertext PreProccessor. An open source, server-

side, HTML embedded scripting language used to create

dynamic Webpages. (https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/PHP.html)

- It refers to the scripting language to be used to the server that is

embedded to the system to make more dynamic pages.

PTA- Parent-Teachers Association. A school association run by some of

the parents and teachers to discuss matters that affect the children and

to organize events to raise money.

(https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/pta)
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- It refers to the organization which consists of group of parents and

teachers that revolves around the institution wherein the main

focus of the matters being discussed is the welfare of the students

through raising funds from different events being implemented

and building up projects from it.

Transaction- is any kind of action involved in conducting business, or

an interaction between people.

(https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/transaction)

- It refers to the process of an interaction between the cashier and

the client which involves funds to be paid in a specific amount.