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DRUG STUDY

GENERIC NAME: benztropine

TRADE NAME: Cogentin

CLASSSIFICATION: Antiparkenson agent

ACTION: Blocks cholinergic activity in the CNS, which is partially


responsible for the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Restores the
natural balance of neurotransmitters in the CNS. Therapeutic
Effects- Reduction of rigidity and tremors.

PHARMACOKENETICS
Absorption: well absorbed.

Distribution: unknown

Metabolism and Excretion: unknown

Half-life: unknown

CONTRAINDICATIONS\PRECAUTIONS

Contraindicated in: Hypersensitivity. Narrow-angle glaucoma.


Tardive dyskinesia.

Use Cautiously in: Geriatric patients. Prostatic Hypertension, Seizure


disorder.

ADVERSE REACTIONS\SIDE EFFECTS

CNS: confusion,depression, dizziness, headache sedation,


weakness,EENT: blurred vision,dry eyes, mydriasis CV: arrhythmias,
hupotension, palpitations, GI: cconsitpation, dry mouth, nausea. GU:
urinary hesitancy, urinary retention. MISC: decreased sweating.

INTERACTIONS

Drug-drug: additive anticholinergic effects with drugs sharing same


properties, such as antihistamines, phenothiazines, quinidine,
disopyramid, and tricyclic antidepressants. Antacides and
antidiarrheals may decrease absorption.

Drug-natural Products: increased anticholinergic effect with angel's


trumpet and scopolia.

NURSING IMPLICATIONS OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION


Prior to administration of Medication:

Assessment

•Obtain complete health history including allergies, drug history and


possible drug interactions.

•Obtain baseline of severity of Parkenson's symptoms to determine


effectivness of medication (restlessness, rigidity, tremor, mask
like face, shuffling gait, muscle spasms, loss of balance control)

•Assess for use of other medications.

•Obtain labwork to include a complete blood count, liver and real


funtion studies.

•Obtain baseline vital signs, especially pulse.

•Monitor intake and output ratio and assess patient for urinary
retention.

•Assess bowel function daily. Monitor for constipation.

•Assess for behavioral changes.

Potential nursing Diagnosis

•risk for Constipation related to side effects of drug

•risk for injury, related to effects of drug

•risk for Imbalanced Body Temperature

•risk for Urinary Retention side effect of drug

Planning

Patient will

•Demonstrate and understanding of the drug's action by accurately


decribing drug side effects and precautions, and measures to
take to decrease side effects.

•Maintain compliance with drug regimem.

•Maintain normal bowel pattern.

•Immediately report and occurrence of adverse reactions.


Implementation
•Administer with food or immediately after meals to minimize gastric
irritation.

•Monitor patients ability to void. (Benztropine can cause urinary


retention)

•Monitor environmental temperature. ( Patient will have decreased


tolerence to heat and could develop heat stroke).

Patient Teaching

•to take benztropine as ordered, unless side effects occur, then notify
health care provider

•advise patient to avoid strenuous activity in hot weather, to plan rest


periods, to decrease risk of heat stroke

•instruct patient to report infrequent voiding and to keep a record in


intake and output if voiding pattern off.

•Instruct patient to disclose any history of psychiatric problems.

•may cause drowsiness or dizziness, advise patient to avoid driving until


alert.

•instruct patient to use good dental hygiene as this med.may causes dry
mouth.

•Caution patient to change positions slowly to minimize orthostatic


hypotension.

•advise patient to avoid taking antacids or anti diarrheals with 1-2 hr of


this medication.

•caution patient concerning the use of OTC and to check with the a
professional before taking, especially cold medications or sleep aids.

•caution patient this medication decreases perspiration. Overheating is to


be avoided.

Evaluation

•decreased in tremors and rigidity and an improvement in gait and


balance. Therapeutic effects are usually seen 2-3 days after the
initiation of theraphy.

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