Analytical Exposition

Pengertian atau definisi analytical exposition text sebenarnya sangat mudah dipahami. Secara
bahasa, “Analytical” bermakna, “examining or liking to examine things very carefully”
(Cambridge). Artinya, (suka memeriksa / menguji sesuatu secara hati-hati.

Dengan demikian, pengertian Analytical Exposition bisa dipahami sebagai text yang
mencoba memberikan penjelasan secara komprehensif tentang suatu masalah dengan
menampilkan pendapat-pendapat pendukung secara hati-hati.

Sedangkan tujuan utama analytical exposition text ini adalah, “ to attempt to persuade the
reader to believe something by presenting one side of the argument.” Artinya mencoba
meyakinkan pembaca agar mempercayai sesuatu dengan memberikan satu sisi pendapat
saja.”

Mengacu pada tujuan analytical exposition ini, hal ini tidak bermakna bahwa dalam
analytical exposition berisi satu argumen saja, akan tetapi berisi berbagai argumen yang
memiliki tujuan sama.

 Generic Structure:
1. Thesis (usually includes a preview argument. It introduces topics and indicates the writer’s
position.)
 THESIS, yaitu pendapat kalian tentang suatu masalah. Biasanya di awali dengan kalimat I
personally think, In my opinion, I believe, etc. Setelah kalian menuliskan thesis atau
pendapat,

2. Arguments (consists of a point and elaboration sequence. The number of points may vary,
but each must be supported by discussion and evidence).
 kalian harus menuliskan ARGUMENTS, yaitu argumen-argumen atau alasan-alasan yang
disertai dengan fakta dan bukti-bukti yang relevan sehingga pendengar atau pembaca
terpengaruh dengan argumen yang kalian kemukakan. Biasanya dimulai dengan Firstly, Nest,
Third, The last, etc.

3. Reiteration (restates the position more forcefully in the light of the arguments presented).
 Untuk mengakhiri teks, kalian harus menuliskan REITERATION, Reiteration sendiri
berarti kesimpulan dari thesis dan argument yang sudah disajikan diatas. Jadi kata-kata yang
bisa kita gunakan untuk mengawali Reiteration part pada text tersebut can be:
 From the argument above we can conclude that….. ; atau
 Based on the argument above…..; atau
 The conclusion of the argument above is……
 Etc.

 Language features:
Emotive words such as : alarmed, worried.
Words that qualify statements such as: usual probably
Words that link arguments such as: firstly, however, on the other hand, therefore.
Usually present tense, Compound and complex sentences

Contoh 1:
I personally think learning English through music and songs can be very enjoyable.
You can mix pleasure with learning when you listen to a song and exploit the song as a
means to your English progress. Some underlying reason can be drawn to support the idea
why we use songs in language learning.
Firstly, “the song stuck in my head” Phenomenon (the echoing in our minds of the last
song we heard after leaving a restaurant, shopping malls, etc) can be both enjoyable and
sometimes unnerving. This phenomenon also seems to reinforce the idea that songs work on
our short-and-long term memory.
Secondly, songs in general also use simple conversational language, with a lot of
repetition, which is just what many learners look for sample text. The fact that they are
effective makes them many times more motivating than other text. Although usually simple,
some songs can be quite complex syntactically, lexically and poetically, and can be analyzed
in the same way as any other literary sample.
Furthermore, song can be appropriated by listener for their own purpose. Most pop
songs and probably many other types don’t have precise people, place or time reference.
In addition, songs are relaxing. They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within
oneself and within one group. Little wonder they are important tools in sustaining culture,
religion, patriotism and yeas, even revolution.
Last but not least, there are many learning activities we can do with songs such as
studying grammar, practicing selective listening comprehension, translating songs, learning
vocabulary, spelling and culture.
From the elaboration above, it can be concluded that learning through music and
songs, learning English can be enjoyable and fun.
Coba perhatikan teks di atas thesis, argument dan reiteration.
I personally think.... (thesis)
Firstly, Secondly, Furthermore, In addition, Last but not least (arguments)
From the elaboration above (reiteration)

Contoh 2 :

Before we are going to smoke, it is better to look at the fact. About 50 thousands
people die every year in Britain as direct result of smoking. This is seven times as many as
die in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of smokers die because of diseases caused by smoking.
Ninety percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking. If we smoke five cigarettes a
day, we are six times more likely to die of lung cancer than a non smoker. If we smoke
twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen greater. Ninety five percent of people who suffer
of bronchitis are people who are smoking. Smokers are two and half times more likely to die
of heart disease than non smokers.
Additionally, children of smoker are more likely to develop bronchitis and
pneumonia. In one hour in smoky room, non smoker breathes as much as substance causing
cancer as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes.
Smoking is really good for tobacco companies because they do make much money
from smoking habit. Smoking however is not good for every body else.

Thesis: This pre-conclusive paragraph states the writer’s point of view about the topic
discussed. Writer has show himself in clear position of the discussed topic. Paragraph 1 is the
thesis of this analytical exposition text. It states the fact of the very fatal impact of the
smoking habit. Clearly the writer wants to say that smoking is not a good habit.
Arguments: Presenting arguments in analytical exposition text is as important as giving
conflict plot in narrative text. The series of argument will strengthen the thesis stated before.
In this example of analytical exposition text, paragraph 2 and 3 are the detail arguments
presented in a reporting fact to support that smoking is not good even for smokers
themselves. Furthermore, people who do not smoke but they are in smoky area have the bad
effect too from the smoking habit.
Reiteration: This end paragraph actually is restating the thesis. It is something like
conclusive paragraph from the previous arguments. The last paragraph of this example of
analytical exposition points again that smoking is not good for smokers and people around
smokers. However smoking is very good for Cigarette Companies

1. Pengertian (Definition) Analytical Exposition Text

Analytical exposition text adalah sebuah teks atau tulisan yang memaparkan
pendapat penulis tentang fenomena yang sedang terjadi di sekitar kita.

2. Tujuan (Function) Analytical Exposition Text

Menilik dari pengertian diatas maka tujuan komunikatif dari teks Analytical
Exposition adalah untuk meyakinkan pembaca bahwa topik yang disajikan
adalah topik yang penting untuk dibahas atau mendapat perhatian dengan cara
pemberian argumen-argumen atau pendapat-pendapat yang mendukung ide
pokok atau topik tersebut.

3. Ciri-Ciri Kebahasaan (Language Features) Analytical Exposition Text

 Menggunakan simple present tense.

 Mengunakan relational process. Biasanya menggunakan kata sambung
yang dapat menimbulkan hubungan sebab akibat. Seperti: because, if
conditional sentence.
 Menggunakan internal conjunction.
 Menggunakan casual conjunction.
 menggunakan action verbs

4. Generic Structure Analytical Exposition Text

Generic Structure teks Analytical Exposition terdiri dari tiga bagian yaitu:

Thesis

Dalam bagian Thesis, penulis memperkenalkan tentang topik atau ide pokok
yang akan dibahas. Thesis selalu berada di paragraf pertama dalam Analytical
Exposition Text.

Argument

Dalam bagian ini penulis menghadirkan argumen-argumen atau pendapat-

pendapat yang mendukung ide pokok penulis, biasanya dalam sebuah
Analytical Exposition Text terdapat lebih dari dua argumen. Semakin banyak
argumen yang ditampilkan semakin percaya pembaca bahwa topik yang dibahas
oleh penulis adalah topik yang sangat penting atau membutuhkan perhatian

Reiteration

Bagian ini merupakan bagian penutup dari sebuah Analytical Exposition Text
yang selalu terletak di akhir paragraf. Reiteration berisi penulisan kembali atau
penempatan kembali ide pokok yang terdapat di paragraf pertama. Reiteration
juga biasa disebut dengan conclusion atau kesimpulan dan terkadang berisi
rekomendasi.

5. Contoh Analytical Exposition Text beserta analisa atau penjelasannya

Cars Should Be Banned in the City

Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and
cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents.

Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the

world.Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung
cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people
can die from them.

Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars
commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are
our roads biggest killers.

Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to
sleep at night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to
someone.

In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.

Analisa (Penjelasan) dari teks diatas:

1. Paraghraf Pertama adalah Thesis, dimana penulis memperkenalkan topik

yang ingin dibahasnya, yaitu tentang mobil yang seharusnya dilarang
beroperasi di kota.
2. Pada paragraf kedua, ketiga dan keempat yaitu argument, dimana
penulis mengemukakan beberapa alasan mengapa mobil seharusnya
dilarang beroperasi di kota.
 3. Terakhir (paragraf kelima) adalah reiteration, yaitu penuangan kembali
ide pokok pada paragraf pertama yaitu bahwa seharusnya mobil
dilarang beroperasi di kota.

Perbedaan Analytical dan Hortatory Exposition Text

Analytical Exposition VS Hortatory Exposition

Kedua teks tersebut masuk dalam kategori persuasive text. Persuasive textmerupakan teks yang
bertujuan untuk mempengaruhi seseorang akan ide yang penulis utarakan -baik untuk mengubah
pandangan seseorang sesuai pandangan si penulis terkait suatu kasus tertentu maupun untuk
mencari pendukung akan ide yang diutarakan si penulis.

Untuk perbedaannya yang jelas dan tidak sulit dipahamai yaitu terletak padageneric structure ke dua
teks tersebut. Perhatikan:

Analytical exposition (lihat penjelasan lengkapnya di sini):

1. Thesis
2. Argument
3. Conclusion/Reiteration

Hortatory Exposition (lihat penjelasan lengkapnya di sini):

1. Thesis
2. Argument
3. Recommendation

Perhatikan bagian poin ke tiga, jika analytical exposition pada paragraf terakhirnya berisikan
kesimpulan atau pernyataan ulang atas inti dari ide yang disampaikan, maka hortatory
exposition berisikan rekomendasi untuk pembaca. Yang penting diperhatikan yaitu penggunaan ciri
kata yang sering digunkan dalam memberikan rekomendasi atau saran: should, should not, ought
to, ought not to. Lihat contoh di bawah:

Contoh Analytical Exposition Text: (Perhatikan kalimat bagian terakhir diwarnai merah, kalimat
tersebut merupakan pernyataan ulang dari yang diutrakan penuis di paragraf pertama)

Public Transportation should be Free

If we can agree that government has some role to play in our lives, then let’s at least make it a
positive one. Consider the benefits of free, fully-subsidized public transportation.

First, it will motivate more people to leave their cars at home. Think of the reduction in pollution and
traffic jam and insurance costs due to accidents. Greener cities, safer cities, more livable cities. More
room for parks and trees. Think of the money we’ll all save by consuming less gas, spending less
frequently on car repairs, and so on. That money will stay in our wallets and we could then turn
around and give the economy a boost by spending it on other consumer goods or services. More
jobs.

Secondly, we must consider the health benefits. We’ll all walk a little more. This will reduce visits to
doctors’ offices and hospitals because we’ll be healthier. We’ll have improved blood pressure, lower
stress and possibly a better complexion.

In addition, free transportation will encourage us to enjoy the company of our friends and family. It
will become much more feasible to safely drink another glass of wine at the restaurant or have that
extra beer at the family gathering. We’ll avoid the worry of getting behind the wheel with a blood-
alcohol level that’s above the legal limit. Fewer accidents, fewer tragedies, lower costs of policing
and reduced court backlogs. The increased public expense in transportation should pay off in the
form of reduced health care costs and a safer society.

Then, think about some of the other social benefits: imagine how much we’ll learn from each other
when we share rides instead of sitting in isolation in our cars. Talking to the neighbors might come
back into fashion. More people will meet and talk and maybe even help each other.

Having someone else drive us will also give us more time for reading books and newspapers. So, park
your car and use it for your dream vacation.

No more fumbling for change, just hop on and off the streetcar or bus wherever and whenever you
like. What a great idea, especially for those who live in crowded, polluted cities. It will renew life on
our streets.

So I can’t agree more with this proposition. Let’s go for it!

Contoh Hortatory Exposition: (perhatikan kalimat bagian terakhir di warnai merah terdapat kata
SHOULD ---> rekomendasi.

Organic Farming

A Solution for Harmless Food

Organic farming is a form of agriculture which excludes the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides,
plant growth regulators, live-stock feed additives, and genetically modified organisms. It is believed
that organic farming should replace conventional one for some reasons.

Firstly, as far as possible, organic farmers rely on crop rotation, integrated pest management, crop
residue, compost and mechanical cultivation to maintain soil productivity and control pests.

Secondly, studies have shown that people who work with pesticides have an increased risk of
developing Parkinson’s disease. The pesticides examined in these two long-term studies, paraquat
and dieldrin, are not allowed on organic farms. The herbicide paraquat and fungicide maneb
together, but not alone, have been shown to cause brain damage in mice. Some organic farming
standards do allow the use of natural methods of protection from pests such as those derived from
plants. Organic activists state that natural pesticides are a last alternative, while growing healthier,
disease-resistant plants, using cover crops and crop rotation, and encouraging beneficial insects and
birds are the primary methods of pest control.

Finally, a 2001 study demonstrated that children who are fed organic diets experienced significantly
lower organophosphorus pesticide exposure than children fed conventional diets. A similar study in
2006 measured the levels of organophosphorus pesticide exposure in 23 pre-school children before
and after replacing their diet with organic food: levels of organophosphorus pesticide exposure
dropped dramatically and immediately when the children switched to an organic diet. Although the
researchers did not collect health outcome data in this study, they concluded “it assumes that
children whose diets consist of organic food items would have a lower probability of neurologic
health risks.”

Therefore, organic farming should replace conventional one to reduce the using of pesticides which
usually remain in farm production such as fruits and vegetables since there are a lot of research
which prove that pesticides may be harmful for the consumers if people use pesticides improperly.

Definition
Analytical exposition text is a text that elaborates the writer’s idea about the phenomenon
surrounding.

Purpose:

 To persuade the reader or listener that there is something that, certainly, needs to get
attention
 To analyze a topic and to persuade the reader that this opinion is correct and
supported by arguments

Examples: argumentative essay, exploratory essay

Generic Structure:

1. Thesis : Introduces the topic and shows speaker or writer’s position; Outlines of the
arguments to be presented.
2. Arguments : It consists about Point and Elaboration Point, states the main argument.
Elaboration: develops and supports each point of argument
3. Conclusion : Reiteration (restatement), restates speaker or writer’s position

Language Features:

 Focus on generic human and non human participants.

 Use mental processes. It is used to state what the writer or speaker thinks or feels
about something, for example: realize, feel, etc.
 Need material processes. It is used to state what happens, for example: has polluted,
etc.
 Use of simple present tense.
 Use of relational processes.
 Use of internal conjunction to state argument.
 Reasoning through casual conjunction or nominalization.

The example of Analytical Exposition:

Cars should be banned in the city

Thesis Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution,
and cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents.
Arguments Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the
world.Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung
cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that
people can die from them.Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians
wander everywhere and cars commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which
causes them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers.

Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to
sleep at night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to
someone.
Reiteration In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.

Laptop as Students’ Friend

Conventionally, students need book, pen, eraser, drawing book, ruler and such other stuff.
Additionally, in this multimedia era, students need more to reach their progressive
development. Students need mobile keyboards to record every presented subject easily. Of
course it will need more cost but it will deserve for its function.

First, modern schools tend to apply fast transferring knowledge because the school needs to
catch the target of curriculum. Every subject will tend to be given in demonstrative method.
Consequently students need extra media cover the subject. Since there is a laptop on every
student’s desk, this method will help student to get better understanding.
Secondly, finding an appropriate laptop is not difficult as it was. Recently there is an online
shop which provides comprehensive information. The best is that the shop has service of
online shopping. The students just need to brows that online shop, decide which computer or
laptop they need, and then complete the transaction. After that the laptop will be delivered to
the students’ houses. That is really easy and save time and money.

From all of that, having mobile computer is absolutely useful for students who want to catch
the best result for their study. Buying laptop online is advisable because it will cut the price.
This online way is recommended since online shop also provides several laptop types.
Students just need to decide which type they really need.