Kuliah 6
Kuliah 6
Komponen :
1. Batas DAS 2. Genangan air
3. Tubuh bendung 4. Saluran pelimpah
5. Pipa distribusi 6. Bak air untuk penduduk
7. Bak air ternak 8. Bak air untuk kebun
DK KALSIM - MARET 2011 2
BENDUNG - BENDUNGAN
y2 2
1 / 2 ( 18 Fr 1)
yu
Lj 5(n y2)
v1
Fr
gyu
ROADMAP
FOR BETTER FUTURE OF CITARUM RIVER BASIN
Citarum covers :
JATILUHUR DAM 9 districts
(1) KAB. BANDUNG ; (2) KAB.BANDUNG BARAT;
(3) KAB.CIANJUR; (4) KAB.PURWAKARTA;
(5) KAB.KERAWANG; (6) KAB.BEKASI;
(7) KAB.SUBANG; (8) KAB.INDRAMAYU;
CIRATA DAM (9) KAB.SUMEDANG
3
(1) cities
KOTA BEKASI;
(2) KOTA BANDUNG;
(3) KOTA CIMAHI
OUTLET CITARUM
UPSTREAM UPPER CITARUM
(SAGULING DAM)
RIVER BASIN Average rainfall:2,300mm/year
21
INDUSTRIAL AND DOMESTIC POLLUTION
• 1,500 industries in Bandung and surrounding: 280 ton
of chemical waste dumped into Citarum everyday
• Lack of sanitation and waste water treatment
facilities
• Water quality monitoring in the late 1990s shows
that annual average of BoD concentrations as high as
300 mg/liter.
• BoD concentrations at the Saguling reservoir inlet
still go up to as high as 130mg/l during dry season
(Indonesia Power and Padjajaran University survey in 2004)
• Law enforcement
• Industrial and domestic waste
water treatment plants
• Provision of sanitation facilities
• Low cost water treatment
technology 22
ORGANIC WASTE
190 Ton waste from farming
• dumped into the river everyday
• 8,000 cows produce 24 kg of waste
each
Potential for :
• Organic fertilizer production to
supply the Citarum downstream
farms
Cattles in Pangalengan
• Biogas generation 23
SOLID WASTE
The annual uncollected garbage that
invariably ends up accumulating in the
drainage system and rivers amounts to
500,000 m3/year
Needs for :
• Behavioral change
• Recycle, Reuse, Reduce
West Tarum Canal (3R) facilities
• Organic fertilizer facilities
• Improved solid waste
management
• Biogas generation
individual plants
24
FISHERIES AND HYACINTHS
• Uncontrolled expansion of fish cage
operations is exacerbating the effects of
polluted water
• Improper or excessive fish feeding in the
floating cages adds to the waste load as
unconsumed feed accumulates on the
reservoir bed
Fish cages in Saguling • Excess of water hyacinths in waterways
Needs for :
• Provision of alternative source of incomes for communities
• Biogas generation from hyacinths
• Public awareness campaign, fish cage regulation control, and law enforcement 25
MAJOR FLOODS RECORD
Major floods in Bandung were recorded in 1931, 1945, 1977,
1982, 1984, 1986, 1998, 2005, 2010.
26
Flood in DayeuhkolotKab. Bandung (PR, Friday, 19 Feb 2010)
MAJOR FLOODS RECORD
Major floods in Bandung were recorded in 1931, 1945, 1977,
1982, 1984, 1986, 1998, 2005, 2010.
27
Flood in DayeuhkolotKab. Bandung (PR, Friday, 19 Feb 2010)
WATERSHED DEGRADATION
Average annual sedimentation into
the three reservoirs estimated at 8
million m3/year
Needs for:
• Conservation and reforestation
• Capacity building to farmers to
adopt sustainable farming
practices
• Provision of alternative source of
incomes
• Land rehabilitation 28
Wayang Mount
INFRASTRUCTURE ISSUES
• Lack of proper infrastructures for
flood and water supply
• Poor operation and maintenance
Needs for :
• Development of raw water and flood protection infrastructures
• Proper operation and maintenance funding allocation
• Increase involvement of local communities in riverbank maintenance 29
RESERVOIRS OPERATIONS