MODUL 11

TRAUMATOLOGI - I

Disusun Oleh:
Arifudin Cipto Husodo

PPDS I Anestesiologi Dan Terapi Intensif

Pembimbing:
dr.Paramita Putri Hapsari, Sp.An, M.Kes

BAGIAN ANESTESIOLOGI DAN TERAPI INTENSIF

RSUD Dr. MOEWARDI / FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNS
SURAKARTA
2019
 HALAMAN PENGESAHAN

Modul ini disusun untuk memenuhi persyaratan Program Pendidikan Dokter

Spesialis Anestesi dan Terapi Intensif Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas
Maret / RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta dengan judul:

MODUL TRAUMATOLOGI - 1

Hari, tanggal : 18 November 2019

Oleh:
Arifudin Cipto Husodo

Mengetahui dan menyetujui,

Pembimbing

dr. Paramita Putri Hapsari Sp.An, M.Kes

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 DAFTAR ISI

hal
HALAMAN JUDUL........................................................................................ i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.......................................................................... ii
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR........................................................................................ v
Jalan Napas..................................................................................................... 1
a. Anatomi jalan napas atas...................................................................... 1
b. Fisiologi jalan napas atas ..................................................................... 7
c. Evaluasi jalan napas ............................................................................ 11
Telinga............................................................................................................ 12
a. Anatomi telinga .................................................................................... 12
b. Fisiologi telinga.................................................................................... 15
Tonsil.............................................................................................................. 16
a. Anatomi tonsil ...................................................................................... 16
b. Derajat hipertrofi tonsil ........................................................................ 17
Obstructive Sleep Apnea................................................................................. 18
a. Patofisiologi sleep apnea ..................................................................... 18
b. Mengenali tanda-tanda OSA ................................................................ 18
Persiapan pra anestesi..................................................................................... 19
a. Pengelolaan pasien pra anestesi meliputi anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik,
pemeriksaan penunjang ........................................................................ 19
b. Penentuan ASA .................................................................................... 23
c. Pramedikasi .......................................................................................... 24
Anestesi........................................................................................................... 25
a. Penggunaan anestesi topikal pada jalan napas ..................................... 25
b. Penggunaan blok saraf pada jalan napas .............................................. 26
c. Pengaruh obat vasokonstriktor infiltrasi terhadap kardiovaskular dan
penatalaksanaannya .............................................................................. 26
d. Teknik hipotensi terkendali .................................................................. 28

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 e. Efek pemakaian N2O pada bedah telinga tengah ................................. 29
f. Teknik anestesi tonsilektomi dan pembedahan THT superfisial/sederhana
.............................................................................................................. . 29
g. Mekanisme spasme laring dan penanganannya ................................... 31
h. Manajemen cairan intraoperatif ........................................................... 31
Penatalaksanaan pasca
anestesi............................................................................................................ 33
a. OSA, PONV: patofisiologi, pencegahan, dan pengelolaannya ............ 34
b. Risiko dan komplikasi operasi tonsilektomi serta penangannya ......... 36
c. Mekanisme spasme laring dan penanganannya ................................... 37
d. Pengelolaan nyeri pascaoperasi ........................................................... 38
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 39

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

hal
Gambar 1. Anatomi sistem pernapasan............................................................ 1
Gambar 2. Epitel kolumner berlapis semu pembesaran 400x ......................... 2
Gambar 3. Mukus hasil produksi sel goblet pembesaran 2500x ..................... 3
Gambar 4. Mukus hasil produksi sel goblet pembesaran 3000x...................... 3
Gambar 5. Perjalanan akson olfaktori dari rongga hidung ke otak.. ................ 6
Gambar 6. Epitel olfaktori pembesaran 200x. ................................................. 6
Gambar 7. Manuver head tilt dan chin lift atau jaw thrust .............................. 7
Gambar 8. Anatomi telinga.............................................................................. 12
Gambar 9. Organ corti ..................................................................................... 15
Gambar 10. Derajat hipertrofi tonsil menurut Brodsky ................................... 17