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Time: 60 min
Marks: 47

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Research can help in the following ways for developing
methodologies, EXCEPT;
► Tools of data collection
► New technique for gathering data
► Defining a problem
► Data analysis

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Who, among the following, is the writer of Business Research
Methods?
► Neuman, W.C.
► Zikmund, W.
► Sekaran, U.
► Dessler, G.

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

On which of the following, Scientific knowledge mostly relies?
► Identification of events
► Logical understanding
► Prior knowledge
► All of the given options

Ref: Cognizance of a fact or phenomenon acquired through scientific

method. Four factors are essential to the classification of an item
of information as scientific knowledge: (1) independent and
rigorous testing,
(2) peer review and publication,
(3) measurement of actual or potential rate of error,
(4) degree of acceptance within the scientific community.

Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Research method is applicable in all of the following fields, Except.
Health care ►
Business ►
Government offices ►
Religion ►

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

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An inductive logic is one that:
Involves testing as explicitly defined hypothesis. ►
Does not allow for findings to feed back into the body of knowledge. ►

Uses quantitative methods whenever possible. ►

Allows theory to emerge out of the data. ►

Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The part of the action research spiral that differentiates this research
methodology from other kinds of research is;
Looking at multiple sources of data. ►
Taking action based on results. ►
Thinking about or analyzing data in more than one way. ►
The kinds of data that are collected. ►

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

What is the problem with using strict definitions of important
concepts?
► They take the focus away from accurate measurement.
► They prevent the researcher from assessing alternative
ways of viewing a concept.
► They prevent a consistent approach being achieved with
business research.
► They prevent research from being truly objective.

Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which one of the following creates problems of measurements of a
concept?
► Vague meanings
► Dictionary meanings
► Clear meanings
► Unambiguous meanings

Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following statements is false about variables?
► Discrete variables allow measurement of an infinite number of
fractions of units of measurement.
► Discrete variables can only have whole number values.
► Continuous numbers can only have whole number values.
► Continuous measures do not allow for scores that fall between
two number values.

Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

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Which of the following refers to"A condition or characteristic that can
take on different values or categories"?
► A constant
► A variable
► A cause and effect relationship
► A descriptive relationship

Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following statements best defines hypothesis?
► A quantitative study.
► A tentative prediction of the results of the research.
► A qualitative research design.
► The operational definition of the study.

Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is the meaning of the term "To read critically"?
► Skimming through the material because most of it is just
padding.
► Evaluating what you read in terms of your own research
questions.
► Being willing to criticize what you read.
► Taking an opposing point of view to the ideas and opinions
expressed.

Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

What is the first step in the research process?
► Problem definition
► Define broad problem area
► Theoretical framework
► Preliminary data collection

Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

When there is a need of generating new ideas for hypotheses or to
interpret the results of some research, which one is the best research
deign?
► Experiment
► Surveys
► Focus group discussion
► Communication analysis

Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

When the research starts from the effects and tracing the reasons
back in time, what does it called?

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► Case study
► Experiment
► Observation studies
► Historical comparitive research

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

All of the following are unethical issues, EXCEPT;
► Invoicing irregularities
► Avoiding legal liability
► Misrepresenting results
► Seeking permission for entry

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following Statements is TRUE for cross-sectional
research design?
► Allows for data in connection with two or more variables
to be collected.
► Is typically strong in internal validity.
► Is commonly used for collection of qualitative data.
► Allows for data collection over a substantial period of time.

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is a legitimate purpose of a research plan?
► It forces you to think through every aspect of a study.
► It provides detailed procedures to guide the conduct of the
study.
► It provides clear roadmap of the study.
► Writing a plan facilitates the evaluation of it.
All top three options support the question but I have to allowed to
select one .
Please consider question.

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is NOT a drawback to free response items?
► Results from free response items take longer to analyze.
► Many participants tend not to answer free response items.
► Free response items allow participants to add information that
was not directly requested.
► Many participants tend to be less truthful in free
response items.

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is NOT a source of literature review?

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► Scholarly Books
► Dissertations
► Policy Reports and Presented Papers
► Story book

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is most beneficial to read in an article?
► Methods
► Introduction
► Figures
► References

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following statement is true about the peer review?
► Name of the article's author is not mentioned to avoid biases
► It should be accepted
► It should be published in a well known journal
► Name of the author should be mentioned for the further
correspondence

Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is a nondirectional hypothesis?
► Teachers receiving holistic stress-reduction training will be less
stressed than teachers who do not receive such training.
► Teachers receiving holistic stress reduction training will have
similar levels of stress as teachers who do not receive such training.
► Teachers receiving holistic stress reduction training will have
significantly lower stress levels than teachers who are not receiving
such training.
► Teachers receiving holistic stress reduction training and
levels of stress that the teacher has is related to one another

Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Managers of the client organization of the researcher are more likely
to read:
► Recommendations of the report
► Objectives of the report
► The extensive literature review
► Complete report

Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is not a party in the research?
► Sponsors

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► Respondents
► Researchers
► Society as a whole

Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Behavioral measures of the variables are called:
► Dimensions
► Elements
► Items
► Questions

Question No: 27 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following refers to operationalization?
► Concept à Dimension à Elementsà Items
► Dimensionsà Elements à Itemsà Questions
► Questionsà Itemsà DimensionsàElements
► Variableà Conceptà DimensionsàElements
question is not read able

Question No: 28 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is an indicator of the job stress?
► Competitive pay
► Role conflict
► Fair policies
► None of the given options

Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Consumer price index (CPI) is a (an) __________scale
► Interval
► Nominal
► Ordinal
► Ratio

Question No: 30 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which type of measurement scale describes the typical test scores
that range from 0 to 100?
► Nominal
► Ordinal
► Interval
► Ratio

Question No: 31 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following functions is performed by the Odinal scale?

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► Categorize
► Distance
► Order
► Unique origin

Question No: 32 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Refusal rate of the personal interview is high in:
► Office meeting with an appointment
► Shopping malls
► Homes
► None of the given options

Question No: 33 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Following can bias the data except:
► Unstandardized wording
► Interviewee influence
► Interviewer influence
► Deliberate probing

Question No: 34 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is the type of telephone interviewing in which
the interviewer reads questions from a computer screen and enters
the respondent's answers directly into the computer?
► CATI
► CAPI
► SPSS
► STATA

Question No: 35 ( Marks: 3 )

Reliability and validity of experimental research is highly important,
how can these aspects of research be implemented?

• Researcher must eliminate alternative explanations which

can make the hypothetical relationship fake . They can
do this by choosing a research design that physically
controls potential alternative explanations for results
Question No: 36 ( Marks: 5 )
What is the difference between confidentiality and anonymity?
Confidentilaity
is the state of being secret, It mean you information shared are you
carrying is not making public. It will be kept away from the general
publics information.

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Suppose if a doctor is treating an AID patient. He should not share is
medical reports to others. He/she kept those information scacret.
Anonymity
is that one is not identifiable to persons other than those one
communicates with. His name or identification is not discoed to anyone
else.
Like if doctor is sharing information with someone but he will not
disclose the name of his/her patient. He can share his medical report
but same time keeping his name anonymous.

Question No: 37 ( Marks: 5 )

What kind of problems can be faced by the researcher while checking
reliability with test-retest method? How a researcher can overcome it?
There are two kind of problems with measures of test-retest
reliability which is common to all longitudinal studies.
The first measure may sensitize the respondents to their participation
in a research
Project.
Influence the results of the second measure.
Further if the time between the measures is long it may leads
to attitude change.
Thus it is possible for a reliable measure to indicate or
medium correlation between the first and the second.
This low correlation may be due to an attitude change over time
rather than to lack of
Reliability