The Implementation of Profit and Loss Sharing

The profit and loss sharing or we usually called mudharabah are using in a bank. Al-Mudharabah
usually applicated in diffrernt products, there are two types of them. First, Sharia Finance. Al-
Mudharabah are using by :

1. Tabungan berjangka, yaitu tabungan yang dimaksudkan untuk tujuan khusus. Seperti
tabungan haji, tabungan kurban, tabungan umroh.Sistem atau teknisnya adalah nasabah
penabung memiliki ketentuan-ketentuan umum untuk mendaftar menjadi nasabah.
Lalu menyebutkan tujuan dia menabung, misal untuk pendidikan anaknya, lalu
disepakati nominal yang disetor setiap bulannya dan tempo pencairan dana.Pada
praktiknya, dana akan cair pada saat jatuh tempo plus bagi hasil dari usaha
mudharabah. Secara kenyataan di lapangan, pihak bank bisa langsung memberikan
hasil mudharabah secara kredit tiap akhir bulan.
2. Deposito biasa, pada produk ini, pihak penabung bertindak sebagai shahibul maal
(pemodal) dan pihak bank sebagai mudharib (amil). Pada praktiknya harus ada
kesepakatan tenggang waktu antara penyetoran dan penarikan agar modal (dana)
dapat diputarkan. Sehingga ada istilah deposito 1 bulan, 3 bulan, 6 bulan, dan 12
bulan.
3. Deposito spesial (special investment), dimana dana yang dititipkan nasabah khusus untuk
bisnis tertentu, misalnya murabahah or ijarah only. Keumuman bank syariah tidak
menerapkan produk ini.
On the other side, profit and Loss Sharing are using in a sharia funding too. There a many types and
different in every sharia bank. Secara keseluruhan pembiayaan ini diterapkan untuk:

1. Pembiayaan modal kerja, seperti modal kerja perdagangan dan jasa

2. Investasi khusus, we usually called mudharabah muqayyadah dimana sumber dana khusus
dengam penyaluran yang khusus dengan syarat syarat yang telah ditetapkan oleh investor
(shahibul maal)
The Implementation of Profit and Loss Sharing

The profit and loss sharing or we are usually called mudaraba are using in a bank. Al-Mudharabah is
usually applied in different products, there are two types of them. First, Sharia Financing. Al-
Mudharabah are using by:

1. Term savings, i.e. savings intended for special purposes. Such as pilgrimage savings,
The system or technique is that
sacrifice savings, savings pilgrimage.
the saver customer has general provisions for registering
as a customer. Then he mentioned the purpose of his
savings, for example for his children's education, then
agreed upon the nominal paid up each month and the time
of disbursement of funds. In practice, the funds will be
disbursed at maturity plus profit sharing from
mudharabah businesses. In reality on the ground, the bank
can directly provide mudharabah on credit at the end of
each month.

2. Ordinary deposits on
this product, the saver acts as shahibul
maal (financier) and the bank as mudharib (amil). In
practice there must be a grace period between the deposit
and withdrawal so that capital (funds) can be rotated. So
that there are terms of deposit of 1 month, 3 months, 6
months and 12 months.

3. Special deposits, where funds are deposited by customers specifically for certain
businesses, for example murabahah or ijarah only. in general, Islamic banks
do not implement this product.

On the other side, profit and loss sharing are using in a sharia funding too. There are many types and
different in every sharia bank. Overall, this financing is applied to:

1. Working capital financing, such as trade and service working capital

2. Special investment, we usually called mudharabah muqayyadah where a special source of funds
with a special channel with the conditions set by the investor (shahibul maal)

The benefits and risks of the profit and loss sharing

A. The benefits
1. The sharia banks are not obliged to pay profit
sharing to customers on a regular basis, but
adjusted for bank income.
2. Refunded funds are adjusted to the customer's cash
flow so that they do not burden the customer
3. The banks will be more selective and prudent in
looking for business that is halal, safe and
profitable
B. The risks
In general, many Islamic banks do not allocate
funding funds to mudharabah products due to
high risk, including:
1. Side streaming, customers use the funds not as
referred to in the contract
2. Deliberate and intentional customer mistakes
3. Concealment of profits by the customer if he is
not honest.