Anda di halaman 1dari 1

Efecto de tipo de sombra e intensidad del cultivo sobre el rendimiento y la calidad

del
café (Coffea arabica L.) y su valoración ecológica en Masatepe, Nicaragua

Pedro Moraga Quezada; Roger Ilich Bolaños Taleno; Mario Pilz, mariopilz@gmx.net; Rodolfo
Munguía Hernández; Hermann Alfred Jürgen Pohlan; William Gamboa
Universidad Nacional Agraria. Managua, Nicaragua. 19 marzo 2009

Abstract
Production of coffee, especially by small holders, is mostly associated with agroforestry with different
tree species, variable agronomic management as well as diverse environmental conditions. The study
was carried out in the community of Masatepe, department of Masaya, Nicaragua where in the year
2000 two repetitions in the Centro de Capacitación y Servicios Regionales del Café del Pacífico Sur
(Jardín Botánico) part of the Unión Nicaragüense de Cafetaleros (UNICAFE) and a third repetition in
the fields of the Centro Experimental de Campos Azules (CECA) from the INTA where established to
propose the research of production, yield and quality of the coffee bean under the influence from
different forms of shade and levels of fertilization and their correlation. Another intention was to
investigate the effect of the different agro ecosystems to the environmental conditions. Predominantly
the production is less with cultivation under shade but it offers better yield and quality compared to
cropping systems with full sun. Also the differential shade tree species seem to be fundamental
concerning production and environmental services. Coffee cultivation with regulated shade cover and
adequate tree species combined with organic fertilization could achieve the same production level as
cultivation at full sun with synthetic fertilizers. The combination of Simarouba glauca/Tabebuia rosea
(SGTR) and the intensive organic fertilization results as the best treatment regarding the principal
variables, type of shade and fertilization, in a global view (although the cultivation at full sun with a
high level of synthetic fertilization has the highest production). Besides from that, this kind of
agroforestry with regulated shade advances the quality and the conditions of the ecosystems and creates
additional values because of the possibility to use the shade trees (wood, firewood, fruits) and
payments for environmental services. The shade SGTR offered the best conditions to the environment
and the conservation of the soil but concerning the capture of carbon dioxide the cultivation with shade
from Simanea saman y Inga laurina overleaps the other two treatments to a considerable degree.
Further investigations should focus on effect, benefit and ecological value of different shade tree
species and their influence in the cup quality, also considering different altitudes. In addition it is
required to establish awareness of the ecological issues and to procure knowledge in this regard; from
the farmer up to the consumer.

Keywords: Coffea arabica, shade, correlation shade and fertilizer, production, harvest, physical quality,
agroforestry, environmental effects, carbon dioxide, Nicaragua

Anda mungkin juga menyukai