CHEMISTRY

PROJECT
FILE ON
RUSTING
OF IRON
Project prepared by:-

NAME : SHAHRUKH KHAN

CLASS : XII, S6
SESSION : 2010-11
BOARD ROLL NO :
SCHOOL NAME : VIDYA MANDIR
PUBLIC SCHOOL
 BIBLOGRAPHY
The following data has been taken from:-
5 NCERT Book
6 Class notes
7 Modern ABC Chemistry
8 Pradeep’s Chemistry

websites:
9 www.cbse.ac.in
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It would feel pleasure to express my

sincere thanks to my chemistry teacher
Mrs. POONAM SAINI in providing a
helping hand in this project, her
unflagging patience, creativity and
immense knowledge that she shared with
me have proved highly beneficial to me
and have made my project file both
possible and successful.

SHAHRUKH KHAN
CLASS XII,S6
 INDEX
10ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

11INTRODUCTION

12THEORY

13AIM & APPRATUS

14PROCEDURE

15 OBSERVATIONS

16 RESULT

17 BIBLOGRAPHY
 INTRODUCTION
It is a matter of common observation
that certain metals are slowly eaten
up on long
exposure to atmosphere. For
example-silver gets tarnished, lead
losses luster & iron rust. This is in
general called as corrosion.
Corrosion may be defined as
natural tendency of metals to return
to their original forms or to certain
compounds similar to their ores
when metal undergo chemical
reaction with environment.

THEORY
Rusting is explained on the basis of electro chemical
theory
which says that the impure iron surface behaves like
small
electro chemical cells in presence of water with
dissolved
Oxygen and carbon cells. Water having dissolved oxygen
and carbon dioxide in it constitute electrolytic solution.

1.AT CATHODE : The hydrogen ions which are formed

due to slight ionization of water or acidic substances in
water are reduced. These hydrogen ion containing a +1
charge do not combine with each because there is no
evidence of formation of molecular hydrogen. Therefore
H
atoms reduce the dissolved oxygen to water by taking 4
electrons.

2.AT ANODE : The iron metal behave as an anode where

iron atoms loose electrons & go into the solution as Fe
ions having
+2 charges. Due to accumulation of these electrons the
rest of
the metal behave as cathode occurring +1 charge. Also if
other electro +ve metal like Cu are present they serve as
cathode.

3.The Fe ions formed above further react with oxygen to

form rusts and H+ ions, so that the process in second step
above
is continued onwards.

The hydrated ferric oxide once form acts as catalyst for

further oxidation of the fresh metal.

AIM
To study the rusting of iron in presence of air,
water,
acid & alkali.

APPRATUS
Test Tubes, iron nails, anhydrous calcium
chloride, petroleum jelly, and acid & alkali
solution.
 PROCEDURE
1. Take five clean and dry test tubes 1-5.
2. Put some iron nails in each of the test
tube.
3. Put some anhydrous calcium chloride
over the
nails in the test tubes and replace the cork.
4. Sprinkle some tap water over the nails
and put
 in test tube no.2
5. Cover the nails of test tube.3 with dilute
alkali
solution and put some petroleum jelly.
6. Cover the nails with dilute HCl acid
solution in
test tube no.4
7. Similar4ly cover the nails of the test tube
no.5
with conc. HCl.
Now keep the test tube for 24 hrs and
observe.

OBSERVATIONS
18 Test tube 1:
No rusting occurs
In this case only air comes in contact with
 the
nails as moisture has been observed with
calcium
chloride which has sprinkled over the nails.
19 Test tube 2:
Rusting occurs
In this case the water was sprinkled over
the nails
and was kept it open.
Thus the nails were in contact with air and
moisture.
20 Test tube 3:
Rusting occurs
In this case the nails were in contact with
alkali
alone as dilute alkali was poured over the
nails
which were covered with petroleum jelly.
21 Test tube 4:
In this case the nails were in contact with
dilute
acid, it caused rusting.
22 Test tube 5:
In this case the nails were in contact with
concentrated acid, it also caused rusting.
 RESULT
The process of slow conversation of metals
into their original forms or undesirable
compound by reacting with moisture &
other gases present in
the atmosphere is called corrosion &
Corrosion ,
in case of Iron(Fe) called rusting of iron.