(PONDASI KELOMPOK)
Prepared by:
M Ridwan, Dr, ST, M.Eng
mridwan2000@yahoo.com
http://www.geosindoutama.co.id
Soft to
Firm Clay
Dense Sand
Strong Rock
Group Capacity
Pug
Pile Cap
Pug n.Pup
Pug = e.n.Pup
Dengan :
Eg = Efisiensi kelompok tiang
θ = arc tg d/s, dalam derajat
m = Jumlah baris tiang
n = Jumlah tiang dalam satu baris
d = Diameter tiang
s = Jarak pusat ke pusat tiang
Efisiensi Kelompok Tiang
Dengan :
Eg = Efisiensi kelompok tiang
θ = arc tg d/s, dalam derajat
m = Jumlah baris tiang
n = Jumlah tiang dalam satu baris
d = Diameter tiang
s = Jarak pusat ke pusat tiang 36
Gambar Baris kelompok tiang
Los Angeles Group – Action Formula
Dengan :
m = Jumlah baris tiang (gambar 3.12)
n = Jumlah tiang dalam satu baris
d = Diameter tiang
s = Jarak pusat ke pusat tiang
Pressure isobars of single pile
Pressure Isobars of Group of piles with
piles placed farther apart
Pressure Isobars of Group of piles closely spaced
Typical Arrangement of Piles in Groups
Spacing of piles depends upon the method of installing the piles and the type of soil
Minimum Spacing between
Piles
Stipulated in building codes
For straight uniform diameter piles - 2 to 6 d
For friction piles – 3d
For end bearing piles
◦ passing through relatively compressible strata, the spacing of piles shall not
be less than 2.5d
◦ For end bearing piles passing through compressible strata and resting in stiff
clay - 3.5d
Qgu
g
Q u
Efficiency of
pile groups
1. Point efficiency—average of all tests
in sand
2. 4 pile group—total efficiency
(Vesic, 1967)
3. 9 pile group—total efficiency
4. 9 pile group—total efficiency with cap
5. 4 pile group—total efficiency with cap
6. 4 pile group—skin efficiency
7. 9 pile group—skin efficiency
CAPACITY OF PILE GROUP
Feld’s Rule
Converse-Labarre Formula
Block failure criteria
FELD'S RULE
Reduces the capacity of each
pile by 1/16 for each adjacent
pile
CONVERSE-LABARRE
FORMULA
n 1m m 1n
g 1
90mn
Qgu g Qu
m = number of columns of piles in a group,
n = number of rows,
θ = tan-1( d/s) in degrees,
d = diameter of pile,
s = spacing of piles center to center.
Block Failure
Dengan :
Qg = Beban maksimum kelompok tiang
n = Jumlah tiang dalam kelompok
Qa = Kapasitas dukung ijin tiang
Eg = Efisiensi kelompok tiang
Kapasitas Dukung Kelompok
Tiang Pada Tanah Lempung
Kapasitas dukung kelompok tiang pada tanah
lempung dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus
berikut, (Sumber : Braja M Das).
1. Jumlah total kapasitas kelompok tiang
∑Qu = m . n . (Qp + Qs)
= m . n . (9 . Ap . Cu + ∑p . ∆L . α . Cu)
Kapasitas Dukung Kelompok
Tiang Pada Tanah Lempung