ANALISA HIDROGRAF BANJIR

Langkah-langkah perhitungan
Sebaran hujan jam-jaman dipakai model mononobe, dengan rumus :
Rt = R24 x ( t )2/3
t T
dimana :
Rt = intensitas hujan rata-rata dalam T jam
R24 = Curah Hujan efektif dalam satu hari
t = Waktu mulai hujan
T = Waktu konsentrasi hujan
untuk daerah di Indonesia rata-rata t = 6 jam, maka :
T = 1 jam R1 = R24/6 x (6/1)2/3 = 0.5503 x R24
T = 2 jam R2 = R24/6 x (6/2)2/3 = 0.3467 x R24
T = 3 jam R3 = R24/6 x (6/3)2/3 = 0.2646 x R24
T = 4 jam R4 = R24/6 x (6/4)2/3 = 0.2184 x R24
T = 5 jam R5 = R24/6 x (6/5)2/3 = 0.1882 x R24
T = 6 jam R6 = R24/6 x (6/6)2/3 = 0.1667 x R24
Curah Hujan jam-jaman
Rumus Rt = (t x Rt) - ((t-1)(Rt-1))
dengan Rt = prosentase intensitas
1 jam R1 = (1 x 0.5503R24) - ((1-1) x R0)
= 0.5503R24 - 0
= 0.5503 x 100% = 55,0321 %
2 jam R2 = (2 x 0.3467R24) - ((2-1) x 0.5503R24)
= 0.6934R24 - 0.5503R24
= 0.1430 x 100% = 14,304 %
3 jam R3 = (3 x 0.2646R24) - ((3-1) x 0.3467R24)
= 0,7937R24 - 0.6934R24
= 0.1003x 100% = 10,0339 %
4 jam R4 = (4 x 0.2184R24) - ((4-1) x 0.2646R24)
= 0.8736R24 - 0.7937R24
= 0.0799 x 100% = 7,988 %
5 jam R5 = (5 x 0.1882R24) - ((5-1) x 0.2184R24)
 = 0.941R24 - 0.8736R24
= 0.0675 x 100% = 6,7456 %
6 jam R6 = (6 x 0.1667R24) - ((6-1) x 0.1882R24)
= R24 - 0.941R24
= 0.059 x 100% = 5,8964 %
 Rumus = Nisbah*c*(R24/100) c 0.65

Untuk Tr 25 tahun
curah hujan rancangan 25 th = 101.13 mm/hari
- Koefisien pengaliran = 0,65
curah hujan efektif 65.735 mm/hari

Jam Nisbah % C.H.netto jam-jaman

1 55.032 36.175
2 14.304 9.403
3 10.034 6.596
4 7.988 5.251
5 6.746 4.434
6 5.896 3.876

Untuk Tr 50 tahun
curah hujan rancangan 50 th = 118.14 mm/hari
- Koefisien pengaliran = 0,65
curah hujan efektif 76.791

Jam Nisbah % C.H.netto jam-jaman

1 55.032 42.260
2 14.304 10.984
3 10.034 7.705
4 7.988 6.134
5 6.746 5.180
6 5.896 4.528

Untuk Tr 100 tahun

curah hujan rancangan 100 th = 131.47 mm/hari
- Koefisien pengaliran = 0,65
curah hujan efektif 85.456

Jam Nisbah % C.H.netto jam-jaman

1 55.032 47.028
2 14.304 12.224
3 10.034 8.575
4 7.988 6.826
5 6.746 5.764
6 5.896 5.039
Untuk Tr 1000 tahun
curah hujan rancangan 1000 th = 201.2
- Koefisien pengaliran = 0,65
curah hujan efektif 130.780

Jam Nisbah % C.H.efektif jam-jaman

1 55.032 71.971
2 14.304 18.707
3 10.034 13.122
4 7.988 10.447
5 6.746 8.822
6 5.896 7.711

Untuk Tr PMP tahun

curah hujan rancangan PMP th = 316.5
- Koefisien pengaliran = 0,65
curah hujan efektif 205.725

Jam Nisbah % C.H.efektif jam-jaman

1 55.032 113.215
2 14.304 29.427
3 10.034 20.642
4 7.988 16.433
5 6.746 13.877
6 5.896 12.130
mm/hari

mm/hari
Perhitungan Rasio Hujan Jam-Jaman
Distribusi hujan jam-jaman dari hujan terpusat selama 6 jam:
Rt = R24/6 . (6/t)(2/3)
Curah Hujan jam ke T
RT = t . Rt - (t - 1). R(t-1)

Distribusi hujan (Rt) Curah hujan Rasio

Jam ke- (t)
1 jam-an jam ke- (%)
1 0.5503 R24 0.550 R24 55.032
2 0.3467 R24 0.143 R24 14.304
3 0.2646 R24 0.100 R24 10.034
4 0.2184 R24 0.080 R24 7.988
5 0.1882 R24 0.067 R24 6.746
6 0.1667 R24 0.059 R24 5.896
Jumlah 1.000 100
Sumber: Perhitungan
Rasio Hujan (% )

Rasio Distribusi Hujan

60

50
Rasio Hujan (% )
Rasio Distribusi Hujan

60

50

40

30

20
14.30
10.03
10 7.99 6.75 5.90

0
55.03
1 2 3 4 5 6

Waktu ( jam )
55.032
14.304
10.034
7.988
6.746
5.896
 Distribusi Hujan Netto Jam-Jaman
Kumulatif
Hujan Jam-jaman (m
[%] No Jam ke Rasio
55.032
25 50
69.336
79.370 1 1 0.550 36.175 42.260
87.358 2 2 0.143 9.403 10.984
94.104 3 3 0.100 6.596 7.705
100.000 4 4 0.080 5.251 6.134
5 5 0.067 4.434 5.180
6 6 0.059 3.876 4.528
TOTAL HUJAN RANCANGAN (mm) 65.735 76.791
HUJAN RANCANGAN (mm) 101.130 118.140
KOEFISIEN PENGALIRAN 0.65 0.65
HUJAN EFEKTIF (mm) 65.735 76.791
Sumber: Perhitungan
Kontrol 65.735 76.791
5 5.90

6
0.550321208
0.143040066
0.100339252
0.079879939
0.067455564
0.058963971
Hujan Jam-jaman (mm)

100 1000 PMP

47.028 71.971 113.215
12.224 18.707 29.427
8.575 13.122 20.642
6.826 10.447 16.433
5.764 8.822 13.877
5.039 7.711 12.130
85.456 130.780 205.725
131.470 201.200 316.500
0.65 0.65 0.65
85.456 130.780 205.725

85.456 130.780 205.725

Tabel Ordinat Hidrograf Satuan Sintetik Nakayasu
T (jam) Q (m3/dt/mm) Keterangan
0 0.000
6.0
1 0.053
2 0.277
3 0.734 Qa
4 1.463 5.0

5 2.500
6 3.872
7 5.605 Qp
4.0
8 4.598
9 3.771
10 3.094
Qd1

Q (mᵌ/dt)
11 2.538 3.0
12 2.081
13 1.707
14 1.489
2.0
15 1.304
16 1.143
17 1.002
18 0.878 Qd2 1.0
19 0.769
20 0.674
21 0.590
0.0
22 0.517 0
23
24
0.466
0.422
Qd3
 Tabel Perhitungan Hidrograf Debit Banjir Rancangan Dengan Kala Ulang 25 Tahun (Metode Nakayasu)
Hujan Jam - Jaman (mm)
U(t,1) Base Flow Q
T R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
m3/det/mm 36.175 9.403 6.596 5.251 4.434 3.876 m3/det m3/det
0 0.000 0.5 0.500
1 0.053 1.900 0.5 2.400
2 0.277 10.029 0.494 0.5 11.023
3 0.734 26.538 2.607 0.346 0.5 29.991
4 1.463 52.933 6.898 1.829 0.276 0.5 62.435
5 2.500 90.429 13.758 4.839 1.456 0.233 0.5 111.215
6 3.872 140.069 23.504 9.651 3.852 1.229 0.204 0.5 179.010
7 5.605 202.776 36.407 16.488 7.683 3.253 1.075 0.5 268.181
8 4.598 166.329 52.706 25.539 13.126 6.488 2.843 0.5 267.531
9 3.771 136.434 43.232 36.972 20.331 11.084 5.671 0.5 254.225
10 3.094 111.911 35.462 30.327 29.433 17.169 9.689 0.5 234.491
11 2.538 91.797 29.088 24.876 24.143 24.855 15.008 0.5 210.266
12 2.081 75.297 23.860 20.405 19.804 20.388 21.726 0.5 181.979
13 1.707 61.764 19.571 16.737 16.244 16.723 17.821 0.5 149.361
14 1.489 53.848 16.054 13.729 13.324 13.718 14.618 0.5 125.791
15 1.304 47.185 13.996 11.261 10.930 11.252 11.991 0.5 107.115
16 1.143 41.347 12.264 9.818 8.965 9.230 9.836 0.5 91.959
17 1.002 36.231 10.747 8.603 7.816 7.571 8.068 0.5 79.535
18 0.878 31.748 9.417 7.539 6.849 6.600 6.618 0.5 69.270
19 0.769 27.819 8.252 6.606 6.002 5.784 5.770 0.5 60.732
20 0.674 24.377 7.231 5.788 5.259 5.068 5.056 0.5 53.279
21 0.590 21.361 6.336 5.072 4.608 4.441 4.430 0.5 46.748
22 0.517 18.718 5.552 4.445 4.038 3.891 3.882 0.5 41.026
23 0.466 16.845 4.865 3.895 3.538 3.410 3.402 0.5 36.455
24 0.422 15.257 4.378 3.413 3.101 2.988 2.981 0.5 32.617
Tabel Rekapitulasi Perhitungan Hidrograf Debit Banjir Rancangan dengan Menggunakan Metode Nakayasu
Waktu Debit Banjir Rancangan (m3/dt)
(jam) 25 th 50 th 100 th 1000 th PMP
0 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 900
1 2.400 2.720 2.970 4.280 6.447
2 11.023 12.793 14.180 21.435 33.432 800
3 29.991 34.952 38.839 59.174 92.797
4 62.435 72.852 81.016 123.721 194.334 700

5 111.215 129.837 144.430 220.769 346.997

6 179.010 209.035 232.565 355.649 559.171 600

7 268.181 313.205 348.488 533.056 838.244

500
8 267.531 312.445 347.643 531.763 836.210
9 254.225 296.901 330.345 505.290 794.566

Q (m ᵌ/d t)
400
10 234.491 273.848 304.691 466.029 732.806
11 210.266 245.549 273.198 417.834 656.992
300
12 181.979 212.504 236.425 361.557 568.465
13 149.361 174.399 194.021 296.661 466.380 200
14 125.791 146.864 163.379 249.768 392.614
15 107.115 125.047 139.100 212.612 334.165 100
16 91.959 107.342 119.398 182.460 286.734
17 79.535 92.829 103.246 157.742 247.851 0
18 69.270 80.837 89.902 137.320 215.726 0

19 60.732 70.863 78.802 120.332 189.003

20 53.279 62.156 69.113 105.505 165.679
21 46.748 54.527 60.623 92.512 145.240
22 41.026 47.842 53.184 81.127 127.331
23 36.455 42.503 47.242 72.033 113.026
24 32.617 38.019 42.252 64.397 101.014
MAX 268.181 313.205 348.488 533.056 838.244
ggunakan Metode Nakayasu

Hidrograf Debit Banjir Rancangan

900
Metode Nakayasu
800

700

600

500
Q (m ᵌ/d t)

400

300

200

100

0
0 4 8 12 16

T (jam)
ngan
Kala Ulang 25 th
Kala Ulang 50 th
Kala Ulang 100 th
Kala Ulang 1000 th
Kala Ulang PMP

16 20 24
 Tabel Perhitungan Lengkung Kapasitas Waduk

Elevasi
No.

(m)
(1) (2)
1 380
2 381
3 382
4 383
5 384
6 385
7 386
8 387
9 388
10 389
11 390
12 391
Tabel Analisis Perencanaan Saluran Pengelak

Data Teknis Saluran Pengelak :

Bentuk Saluran = Lingkaran
Diameter Saluran (m) =3 R (m) = 1.5
Panjang Saluran (m) = 263.233
Elevasi Hulu = 386
Elevasi Hilir = 370
Slope (Δh/ L) = 0.061
Debit Rencana Q25 th = 268.181 m3/detik
Angka Kekasaran (Beton) = 0.014

Perhitungan Untuk Pengaliran Bebas Rekapitulasi

El. MA Tinggi MA
El. MA Tinggi MA θ A P R B v Q Qc F (m) (m)
(m) (m) ( o) (m2) (m) (m) (m) (m/detik) (m3/detik) (m3/detik) Nilai Keterangan (1) (2)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 386.000 0.0
386.000 0.0 0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 - - 386.500 0.5
386.500 0.5 48 0.774 2.523 0.307 0.457 8.012 6.205 3.155 1.966 Superkritis 387.000 1.0
387.000 1.0 71 2.063 3.693 0.559 1.053 11.943 24.634 9.041 2.725 Superkritis 387.500 1.5
387.500 1.5 90 3.534 4.712 0.750 1.500 14.537 51.377 16.992 3.024 Superkritis 388.000 2.0
388.000 2.0 109 5.006 5.732 0.873 1.647 16.090 80.547 27.337 2.946 Superkritis 388.500 2.5
388.500 2.5 132 6.294 6.902 0.912 1.360 16.561 91.539 42.418 2.158 Superkritis 389.000 3.0
389.500 3.5
390.000 4.0
Perhitungan Untuk Pengaliran Tekan 390.500 4.5
Aliran Tekan Berlaku Jika H > 1,5D 391.000 5.0
Interpolasi Debit-Elevasi MA 391.500 5.5
El. MA Tinggi MA θ A R Ci Cf Co v Q Elevasi Debit 392.000 6.0
(m) (m) ( o) (m2) (m) (rounded) (gesekan) (outlet) (m/detik) (m3/detik) 388.000 80.547 392.500 6.5
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 389.000 102.531 393.000 7.0
389.000 3.0 5.995 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 14.505 102.531 393.500 7.5
389.500 3.5 6.991 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 15.718 111.103 388.500 91.539 394.000 8.0
390.000 4.0 7.987 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 16.840 119.037 394.500 8.5
390.500 4.5 8.982 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 17.889 126.451 395.000 9.0
391.000 5.0 9.975 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 18.876 133.429 395.500 9.5
391.500 5.5 10.966 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 19.811 140.033 396.000 10.0
392.000 6.0 11.956 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 20.699 146.311 396.500 10.5
392.500 6.5 12.945 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 21.546 152.302 397.000 11.0
393.000 7.0 13.931 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 22.357 158.036 397.500 11.5
393.500 7.5 14.915 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 23.136 163.538 398.000 12.0
394.000 8.0 15.897 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 23.884 168.829 398.500 12.5
394.500 8.5 16.877 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 24.606 173.926 399.000 13.0
395.000 9.0 17.854 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 25.301 178.845 399.500 13.5
395.500 9.5 18.829 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 25.974 183.597 400.000 14.0
396.000 10.0 19.801 7.069 9.425 0.5 0.203 1 26.624 188.195 400.500 14.5
Tabel Analisis Perencanaan Saluran Pengelak

Data Teknis Saluran Pengelak :

Bentuk Saluran = Lingkaran
Diameter Saluran (m) =4 R (m) = 2
Panjang Saluran (m) = 263.233
Elevasi Hulu Pengelak = 386.000
Elevasi Hilir Pengelak = 370.000
Slope (Δh/ L) = 0.061
Debit Rencana Q25 th = 268.181 m3/detik
Angka Kekasaran (Beton) = 0.014

Perhitungan Untuk Pengaliran Bebas Rekapitulasi

El. MA Tinggi MA Q
El. MA Tinggi MA θ A P R B v Q Qc F (m) (m) (m3/detik)
(m) (m) ( o) (m2) (m) (m) (m) (m/detik) (m3/detik) (m3/detik) Nilai Keterangan (1) (2) (3)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 386.000 0.0 0.000
386.00 0.0 0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 - - 386.500 0.5 4.198
386.50 0.5 41 0.907 2.891 0.314 0.415 8.129 7.370 4.198 1.756 Superkritis 387.000 1.0 11.966
387.00 1.0 60 2.457 4.189 0.587 1.016 12.339 30.313 11.966 2.533 Superkritis 387.500 1.5 22.245
387.50 1.5 76 4.304 5.272 0.816 1.581 15.382 66.208 22.245 2.976 Superkritis 388.000 2.0 34.881
388.00 2.0 90 6.283 6.283 1.000 2.000 17.610 110.647 34.881 3.172 Superkritis 388.500 2.5 50.223
388.50 2.5 104 8.262 7.294 1.133 2.194 19.136 158.104 50.223 3.148 Superkritis 389.000 3.0 69.638
389.00 3.0 120 10.110 8.378 1.207 2.090 19.961 201.794 69.638 2.898 Superkritis 389.500 3.5 98.764
389.50 3.5 139 11.660 9.675 1.205 1.594 19.942 207.312 98.764 2.099 Superkritis 390.000 4.0 212.830
390.500 4.5 226.252
391.000 5.0 238.876
Perhitungan Untuk Pengaliran Tekan 391.500 5.5 250.817
Aliran Tekan Berlaku Jika H > 1,5D Interpolasi Debit-Elevasi MA 392.000 6.0 262.165
Elevasi Debit 392.500 6.5 272.990
El. MA Tinggi MA θ A R Ci Cf Co v Q 389.000 201.794 393.000 7.0 283.347
(m) (m) ( o) (m2) (m) (rounded) (gesekan) (outlet) (m/detik) (m3/detik) 390.000 212.830 393.500 7.5 293.283
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 394.000 8.0 302.836
390.0 4.0 7.987 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 16.936 212.830 389.500 207.312 394.500 8.5 312.036
390.5 4.5 8.982 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 18.005 226.252 395.000 9.0 320.913
391.0 5.0 9.975 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 19.009 238.876
391.5 5.5 10.966 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 19.959 250.817
392.0 6.0 11.956 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 20.862 262.165
392.5 6.5 12.945 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 21.724 272.990
393.0 7.0 13.931 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 22.548 283.347
393.5 7.5 14.915 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 23.339 293.283
394.0 8.0 15.897 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 24.099 302.836
394.5 8.5 16.877 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 24.831 312.036
395.0 9.0 17.854 12.566 12.566 0.5 0.139 1 25.537 320.913
 Tab
Penelusuran Banjir Lewat Pengelak n terowongan =
Didesain dengan menggunakan 1 terowongan pengelak D=
Δt = 1 jam = 3600 detik

Elevasi H S ΔS ΔS/Δt Q
(m) (m) (m3) (m3) (m3/detik) (m3/detik)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
386.000 0.0 198000 0 0.000 0.000
386.500 0.5 233750 35750 9.931 4.198
387.000 1.0 269500 71500 19.861 11.966
387.500 1.5 310750 112750 31.319 22.245
388.000 2.0 352000 154000 42.778 34.881
388.500 2.5 398750 200750 55.764 50.223
389.000 3.0 445500 247500 68.750 69.638
389.500 3.5 497750 299750 83.264 98.764
390.000 4.0 550000 352000 97.778 212.830
390.500 4.5 607750 409750 113.819 226.252
391.000 5.0 665500 467500 129.861 238.876
391.500 5.5 728750 530750 147.431 250.817
392.000 6.0 792000 594000 165.000 262.165
392.500 6.5 860750 662750 184.097 272.990
393.000 7.0 929500 731500 203.194 283.347
393.500 7.5 1003750 805750 223.819 293.283
394.000 8.0 1078000 880000 244.444 302.836
394.500 8.5 1157750 959750 266.597 312.036
395.000 9.0 1237500 1039500 288.750 320.913
Sumber: Perhitungan
1. Data 4. (3)n+1 - (3)n
2. Data 5. (4)/ 3600
3. Data 6. Data Outflow Pengelak

Penelusuran Banjir Pada D = 4 m

300

250
Q (m3/detik)

200
 250

Q (m3/detik)
200

150

100

50

0
0 4 8 12 16
T (jam)
 Tabel Flood Routing Kontrol Saluran Pengelak dengan Q25
1
4m

Penelusuran Banjir
Psi Phi Inflow
Q/2 T (I1+I2)/2
y = ∆S/∆t - Q/2 φ = ∆S/∆t + Q/2 (I)
(m3/detik) (m3/detik) (m3/detik) (jam) (m3/det) (m3/det)
(7) (8) (9) (1) (2) (3)
0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.500 0.000
2.099 7.832 12.029 1 2.400 1.450
5.983 13.878 25.844 2 11.023 6.711
11.122 20.197 42.442 3 29.991 20.507
17.441 25.337 60.218 4 62.435 46.213
25.111 30.653 80.875 5 111.215 86.825
34.819 33.931 103.569 6 179.010 145.112
49.382 33.882 132.646 7 268.181 223.596
106.415 -8.637 204.193 8 267.531 267.856
113.126 0.694 226.945 9 254.225 260.878
119.438 10.423 249.299 10 234.491 244.358
125.409 22.022 272.839 11 210.266 222.379
131.083 33.917 296.083 12 181.979 196.123
136.495 47.602 320.592 13 149.361 165.670
141.674 61.521 344.868 14 125.791 137.576
146.642 77.178 370.461 15 107.115 116.453
151.418 93.027 395.862 16 91.959 99.537
156.018 110.579 422.615 17 79.535 85.747
160.457 128.293 449.207 18 69.270 74.403
19 60.732 65.001
7. (6)/2 20 53.279 57.005
8. (5)-(7) 21 46.748 50.014
9. (5)+(7) 22 41.026 43.887
23 36.455 38.740
24 32.617 34.536

Sumber : Perhitungan
1. Data
2. Data
da D = 4 m 3. [(2)n+1 - (2)n]/2

Interpolasi
 13
15

14

Inflow 15
Outflow 17

16

16 20 24
 Outflow
ψ1 φ2 h Elevasi
(Q)
(m3/det) (m3/det) (m3/det) (m) (m)
(4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
0.000 0.000 0.500 0.060 386.060
0.933 2.383 0.500 0.099 386.099
1.551 8.263 0.832 0.343 386.343
5.379 25.886 2.883 1.001 387.001
13.894 60.107 11.992 1.997 387.997
25.305 112.130 34.802 3.147 389.147
33.916 179.029 78.214 3.824 389.824
6.317 229.913 172.711 4.566 390.566
1.985 269.841 227.928 5.436 391.436
20.545 281.423 249.296 5.685 391.685
26.415 270.773 255.008 5.456 391.456
21.004 243.383 249.769 4.868 390.868
7.848 203.971 235.534 3.998 389.998
-8.505 157.165 212.476 3.671 389.671
19.311 156.886 174.943 3.669 389.669
19.476 135.929 137.410 3.523 389.523
31.931 131.468 117.497 3.480 389.480
33.884 119.631 97.584 3.276 389.276
33.904 108.306 85.727 3.081 389.081
33.923 98.924 74.384 2.898 388.898
33.260 90.265 65.664 2.707 388.707
32.009 82.023 58.256 2.525 388.525
30.818 74.705 51.204 2.351 388.351
29.065 67.805 45.640 2.184 388.184
27.289 61.825 40.516 2.039 388.039
MAX 255.008 5.685 391.685

4. interpolasi (7) 7. interpolasi (6)

5. (3)+(4) 8. 35 + (7)
6. interpolasi (5)
212.476
137.410

174.943

137.410
97.584

117.497
 Penelusuran Banjir Lewat Pengelak n terowongan =
Didesain dengan menggunakan 1 terowongan pengelak D=
Δt = 1 jam = 3600 detik

Elevasi H S ΔS ΔS/Δt Q

(m) (m) (m3) (m3) (m3/detik) (m3/detik)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
386.000 0.0 198000 0 0.000 0.000
386.500 0.5 233750 35750 9.931 4.198
387.000 1.0 269500 71500 19.861 11.966
387.500 1.5 310750 112750 31.319 22.245
388.000 2.0 352000 154000 42.778 34.881
388.500 2.5 398750 200750 55.764 50.223
389.000 3.0 445500 247500 68.750 69.638
389.500 3.5 497750 299750 83.264 98.764
390.000 4.0 550000 352000 97.778 212.830
390.500 4.5 607750 409750 113.819 226.252
391.000 5.0 665500 467500 129.861 238.876
391.500 5.5 728750 530750 147.431 250.817
392.000 6.0 792000 594000 165.000 262.165
392.500 6.5 860750 662750 184.097 272.990
393.000 7.0 929500 731500 203.194 283.347
393.500 7.5 1003750 805750 223.819 293.283
394.000 8.0 1078000 880000 244.444 302.836
394.500 8.5 1157750 959750 266.597 312.036
395.000 9.0 1237500 1039500 288.750 320.913
Sumber: Perhitungan
1. Data 4. (3)n+1 - (3)n
2. Data 5. (4)/ 3600
3. Data 6. Data Outflow Pengelak

Penelusuran Banjir Pada D = 4 m

350

300
Q (m3/detik)

250

200
 300

Q (m3/detik)
250

200

150

100

50

0
0 4 8 12 16
T (jam)
 Tabel Flood Routing Kontrol Saluran Pengelak dengan Q50
1
4m

Penelusuran Banjir
Psi Phi Inflow
Q/2 T (I1+I2)/2
y = ∆S/∆t - Q/2 φ = ∆S/∆t + Q/2 (I)
(m3/detik) (m3/detik) (m3/detik) (jam) (m3/det) (m3/det)
(7) (8) (9) (1) (2) (3)
0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.500 0.000
2.099 7.832 12.029 1 2.720 1.610
5.983 13.878 25.844 2 12.793 7.756
11.122 20.197 42.442 3 34.952 23.872
17.441 25.337 60.218 4 72.852 53.902
25.111 30.653 80.875 5 129.837 101.345
34.819 33.931 103.569 6 209.035 169.436
49.382 33.882 132.646 7 313.205 261.120
106.415 -8.637 204.193 8 312.445 312.825
113.126 0.694 226.945 9 296.901 304.673
119.438 10.423 249.299 10 273.848 285.375
125.409 22.022 272.839 11 245.549 259.698
131.083 33.917 296.083 12 212.504 229.027
136.495 47.602 320.592 13 174.399 193.452
141.674 61.521 344.868 14 146.864 160.632
146.642 77.178 370.461 15 125.047 135.956
151.418 93.027 395.862 16 107.342 116.195
156.018 110.579 422.615 17 92.829 100.086
160.457 128.293 449.207 18 80.837 86.833
19 70.863 75.850
7. (6)/2 20 62.156 66.509
8. (5)-(7) 21 54.527 58.342
9. (5)+(7) 22 47.842 51.185
23 42.503 45.172
24 38.019 40.261

Sumber : Perhitungan
1. Data
Pada D = 4 m 2. Data
3. [(2)n+1 - (2)n]/2

Interpolasi: Untuk membuat gra

 14
16

15
Inflow
Outflow 6
8

17
19

16 20 24 18
 Outflow
ψ1 φ2 h Elevasi
(Q)
(m3/det) (m3/det) (m3/det) (m) (m)
(4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
0.000 0.000 0.500 0.060 386.060
0.933 2.543 0.500 0.106 386.106
1.655 9.412 0.887 0.391 386.391
6.127 30.000 3.284 1.125 387.125
15.460 69.362 14.540 2.221 388.221
27.690 129.035 41.672 3.438 389.438
33.888 203.324 95.147 3.994 389.994
-8.121 252.999 167.950 5.079 391.079
12.246 325.072 240.753 6.592 392.592
50.171 354.844 274.901 7.195 393.195
67.624 352.998 287.220 7.159 393.159
66.495 326.193 286.504 6.615 392.615
50.814 279.840 275.380 5.651 391.651
25.605 219.057 254.235 4.327 390.327
-2.542 158.090 221.598 3.678 389.678
18.761 154.717 177.774 3.654 389.654
20.766 136.961 133.951 3.530 389.530
31.318 131.403 105.643 3.479 389.479
33.884 120.717 97.519 3.295 389.295
33.902 109.752 86.815 3.106 389.106
33.920 100.430 75.832 2.931 388.931
33.477 91.819 66.953 2.741 388.741
32.233 83.418 59.586 2.556 388.556
31.020 76.192 52.398 2.387 388.387
29.448 69.708 46.745 2.230 388.230
MAX 287.220 7.195 393.195

4. interpolasi (7) 7. interpolasi (6)

5. (3)+(4) 8. 35 + (7)
6. interpolasi (5)

nterpolasi: Untuk membuat grafik lebih smooth

221.598
133.951

177.774

95.147
240.753

167.950

105.643
75.832

90.737
Tabel Analisis Perencanaan Saluran Pengelak

Data Teknis Saluran Pengelak :

Bentuk Saluran = Lingkaran
Diameter Saluran (m) =5 R (m) = 2.5
Panjang Saluran (m) = 263.233
Elevasi Hulu = 386
Elevasi Hilir = 370
Slope (Δh/ L) = 0.061
Debit Rencana Q25 th = 268.181 m3/detik
Angka Kekasaran (Beton) = 0.014

Perhitungan Untuk Pengaliran Bebas Rekapitulasi

El. MA Tinggi MA Q
El. MA Tinggi MA θ A P R B v Q Qc F (m) (m) (m3/detik)
(m) (m) ( o) (m2) (m) (m) (m) (m/detik) (m3/detik) (m3/detik) Nilai Keterangan (1) (2) (3)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 386.000 0.0 0.000
386.000 0.0 0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 - - 386.500 0.5 5.241
386.500 0.5 37 1.022 3.218 0.318 0.381 8.198 8.377 5.241 1.598 Superkritis 387.000 1.0 14.905
387.000 1.0 53 2.796 4.636 0.603 0.965 12.569 35.137 14.905 2.357 Superkritis 387.500 1.5 27.593
387.500 1.5 66 4.954 5.796 0.855 1.567 15.860 78.574 27.593 2.848 Superkritis 388.000 2.0 42.940
388.000 2.0 78 7.334 6.847 1.071 2.099 18.436 135.211 42.940 3.149 Superkritis 388.500 2.5 60.935
388.500 2.5 90 9.817 7.854 1.250 2.500 20.435 200.617 60.935 3.292 Superkritis 389.000 3.0 81.925
389.000 3.0 102 12.301 8.861 1.388 2.720 21.915 269.565 81.925 3.290 Superkritis 389.500 3.5 106.922
389.500 3.5 114 14.681 9.912 1.481 2.715 22.882 335.928 106.922 3.142 Superkritis 390.000 4.0 138.740
390.000 4.0 127 16.839 11.071 1.521 2.434 23.290 348.570 138.740 2.512 Superkritis 390.500 4.5 188.084
390.500 4.5 143 18.613 12.490 1.490 1.788 22.975 361.212 188.084 1.920 Superkritis 391.000 5.0 373.853
391.500 5.5 392.732
392.000 6.0 410.665
Perhitungan Untuk Pengaliran Tekan 392.500 6.5 427.764
Aliran Tekan Berlaku Jika H > 1,5D 393.000 7.0 444.120
Interpolasi Debit-Elevasi MA 393.500 7.5 459.806
El. MA Tinggi MA θ A R Ci Cf Co v Q Elevasi Debit 394.000 8.0 474.884
(m) (m) ( o) (m2) (m) (rounded) (gesekan) (outlet) (m/detik) (m3/detik) 389.500 335.928 394.500 8.5 489.404
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 391.000 373.853 395.000 9.0 503.409
391.000 5.0 9.975 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 19.040 373.853
391.500 5.5 10.966 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 20.002 392.732 390.000 348.570
392.000 6.0 11.956 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 20.915 410.665 390.500 361.212
392.500 6.5 12.945 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 21.786 427.764
393.000 7.0 13.931 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 22.619 444.120
393.500 7.5 14.915 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 23.418 459.806
394.000 8.0 15.897 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 24.186 474.884
394.500 8.5 16.877 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 24.925 489.404
395.000 9.0 17.854 19.635 15.708 0.5 0.103 1 25.638 503.409
Data Mekanika Tanah
Gs : 2.65
e: 0.70
Sr : 0.80
Ф: 39 °
C: 2.20 t/m2 0.22 kg/cm2 10
γs : 1.80 t/m3 2.2
γw : 0.80 t/m3
W: 0.211
Ws : 1.80
Ww : 0.38
Vw : 0.56
γ (wet) : 1.516 t/m3
γ (dry) : 1.252 t/m3
γ (sat) : 1.582 t/m3
k: 0.15 (Selotinatah)
Fs : 1.10 (Asumsi)
PERHITUNGAN TINGGI COFFERDAM
Tinggi muka air akibat banjir abnormal, yakni
Elevasi saat Q 25 th = 371.566 Tinggi air :
Elevasi saat Q 50 th = 371.841 Tinggi air :
Elevasi Dasar Sungai = 360.000
Tinggi cofferdam akhir = 13.566 m Pada elevasi :

Lebar mercu cofferdam = 5.586

Kemiringan lereng cofferdam-tipe homogen

ɣ sat = 1.582 ton / m3 (berat volume tanah jenuh)
ɣ sub = 0.779 ton / m3
ɸ = 39.00 o

k = 0.15 (Pekanbaru)
ɣ' = 2.03 ton / m3 (berat efektif tanah)
Kemiringan lereng bagian hulu
m - 0.305 tan
FS hulu =
1 + 0.305 m
m - 0.305 x 0.810
1.10 =
1 + 0.305 m
m - 0.247
1.10 =
1 + 0.305 m
1.10 + 0.335 m = m - 0.247
1.347 = 0.665 m
Kemiringan hulu m = 2.02 meter

Kemiringan lereng bagian hilir

n - 0.15 tan
FS hilir =
1 + 0.15 n
n - 0.15 x 0.810
1.10 =
1 + 0.150 n
n - 0.121
1.10 =
1 + 0.15 n
1.10 + 0.165 n = n - 0.121
1.221 = 0.835 n
Kemiringan hilir n = 1.46 meter
 11.566 meter
11.841 meter

373.566 mdpl

39

L: 27.47 meter

39

L: 19.84 meter
Penentuan Formasi Garis Depresi Penyesuaian rumus teoritis menurut Cassagra

H = 11.566 m tg a
l1= 2.804 m a
l2= 9.916 m cos a
0,3 . l1= 0.841 m sin a
d = 10.757 a + Δa
Y0 = 5.038 Δa
2 .Y0 = 10.076 a
Y02 = 25.383
0,5 . Y0 = 2.519
Y = (10,250x + 26,268)0,5
X = (Y2 - 26,268)/10,250

Garis Depresi Formasi Garis Depresi Cofferd

Input Koordinat Autocad
X Y COMMAND
15.820 0.000 SPL
15.844 0.500 SPL
15.919 1.000 SPL
16.043 1.500 SPL
16.217 2.000 SPL
16.440 2.500 SPL
Rembesan
16.713 3.000 SPL
17.035 3.500 Lereng Inti
SPL
17.408 4.000 Air
SPL
17.829 4.500 Kedap Air SPL
18.301 5.000 SPL
18.822 5.500 SPL
19.392 6.000 SPL
20.013 6.500 SPL
20.683 7.000 SPL
70 60 50 40 30
21.402 7.500 SPL X (m)
22.171 8.000 SPL
22.990 8.500 SPL
23.858 9.000 SPL
24.776 9.500 SPL
25.744 10.000 SPL
26.761 10.500 18.338697 SPL
27.828 11.000 SPL
29.096 11.566 SPL

Lereng Bendungan Air Inti Kedap air

X Y X Y X Y
0.000 0.000 29.124 11.566 19.100 0
 22.540 14.000 65.220 11.566 22.540 14
28.540 14.000 28.540 14
65.220 0.000 31.900 0

Perhitungan Debit Rembesan

Nd = 6
Nf = 5
k = 0.00000005 m / dt
H = 11.566 m
L = 179.615 m (lebar melintang cofferdam)
q = 0.000000 m3 / dt m
Q = 0.000 m3 / dt
= 0.087 lt/dt

Keamanan terhadap Piping

h = 6.528 m
L = 5.378 m
e = 0.800 m
Gs = 2.680 m
i = 1.214
ic = 8.400 aman
karena i < ic maka bendungan aman terhadap piping
Penyesuaian rumus teoritis menurut Cassagrande

= 4.331
= 77 C = 0.284 (grafik)
= 0.225
= 0.974
= 6.500
= 1.846
= 4.654

Formasi Garis Depresi Cofferdam

dinat Autocad Zona Sembarang
18
KOORDINAT X Y h2 = 0.252
79.0982093031885,0 79.098209 0 16 2 . h2 = 0.504
79.2222637335667,2.5 79.222264 2.5 h22 = 0.063
14
79.5944270247014,5 79.594427 5 y = (0,587x + 0,086)^0.5
80.2146991765926,7.5 80.214699 7.5 x = (y2-0,086)/0,587
12
81.0830801892402,10 81.08308 10 Y (m) X Y
82.1995700626442,12.5 82.19957 12.5 10 29.12 3.84
83.5641687968048,15 83.564169 15 27.50 3.73
85.1768763917218,17.5 85.176876 17.5 8 27.00 3.70
87.0376928473952,20 87.037693 20 26.50 3.66
6
89.1466181638251,22.5 89.146618 22.5 26.00 3.63
91.5036523410115,25 91.503652 25 4 25.50 3.59
94.1087953789543,27.5 94.108795 27.5 25.00 3.56
96.9620472776536,30 96.962047 30 2 24.50 3.52
100.063408037109,32.5 100.06341 32.5 24.00 3.49
0 23.50 3.45
103.412877657322,35 103.41288 35
0 40 30 20 10 0
107.01045613829,37.5 107.01046 37.5 23.00 3.41
X (m)
110.856143480015,40 110.85614 40 22.50 3.38
114.949939682497,42.5 114.94994 42.5 22.00 3.34
119.291844745735,45 119.29184 45 21.50 3.30
123.881858669729,47.5 123.88186 47.5 21.00 3.26
128.71998145448,50 128.71998 50 20.50 3.22
133.806213099988,52.5 133.80621 52.5 20.00 3.18
139.140553606252,55 139.14055 55 19.50 3.14
145.478422998923,57.8299999999145.47842 57.83 19.00 3.10
18.50 3.06
18.00 3.02
17.50 2.98
17.00 2.94
16.50 2.89
16.00 2.85
15.50 2.81
15.00 2.76
14.50 2.71
14.00 2.67
13.50 2.62
13.00 2.57
12.50 2.52
12.00 2.47
11.50 2.42
11.00 2.37
10.50 2.31
10.00 2.26
9.50 2.20
9.00 2.14
8.50 2.08
8.00 2.02
7.50 1.96
7.00 1.89
6.50 1.83
6.00 1.76
5.50 1.68
5.00 1.61
4.50 1.53
4.00 1.44
3.50 1.35
3.00 1.25
2.50 1.15
2.00 1.03
1.50 0.91
1.00 0.75
0.50 0.56
0.00 0.25
0,587x + 0,086)^0.5
y2-0,086)/0,587
Bendungan II
Pelimpah pakai Ooge 1, pakai Q1000
Peredam pakai Q100, pakai USBR tipe 2
Rating Curve Tail Water Level Q100