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CHEMISTRY REVISION

GRADE IX – TOPICS 1 & 2

1. Define

a) Boiling

b) Evaporation

c) Condensation

d) Melting

2. Give three differences in the properties between solids, liquids and gases.

3. Explain why gases can be compressed, while solids cannot be compressed.

4. (a) Define diffusion.

(b) Arrange the following gases in the ascending order of their diffusion rates (slowest

first and fastest last)

H2 N2 O2 Cl2 SO2 CO2 NH3


Br2 NO2
Molecular mass data:

H = 1
N = 14
O = 16
C = 35.

l 5
S = 32
C = 12
B = 80

r
Explain the choice of your answers.

(c)Explain why the rate of diffusion is faster on a hot sunny day than on a cold day.

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(d)The figure shows a man being given oxygen for breathing.
Explain why the oxygen reaches the man from the cylinder.

(e)Explain why hydrogen happens to be the fastest diffusing gas.

5. The following graph shows the heating curve of a substance.

(a) On the graph label the regions where the substance exists as
a solid, a liquid and a gas.

(b) From the graph determine the boiling point and the melting point of the substance.

(c) The solid whose curve is given above was heated to boiling by using a water bath. Explain
why water is not suitable for this purpose.

6. Suggest suitable separation methods for separation in the following cases.

a) To separate a mixture of soluble sodium chloride and insoluble calcium carbonate

b) To separate a mixture of water and oil (two liquids that do not mix)

c) To obtain crystals of pure copper (II) sulphate from a solution of copper (II)

sulphate

d) To separate a mixture of water (b.p. 100oC) and ethanol (b.p. 78oC)

e) To separate a mixture of water (b.p. 100oC) and acetone (b.p. 56oC)

1 2 3
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7. Some athletes use the drugs nondralone and EPO to improve their performance which is
illegal. The following diagram is a chromatogram obtained when two samples of blood were
tested. Check the chromatogram carefully and answer the questions that follow.

finish
5 line

4
1 Nondralone

2 EPO
3
3 Sample 1

2 4 Sample 2

start
0 line

a) Calculate the Rf values for Nondralone and EPO. Show the necessary calculations that you

perform.

b) Which of the compounds contain EPO? How did you find out?

c) Which of the compounds contain EPO? How did you find out?

d) Some chemicals can be identified using a suitable locating agent. What is a locating

agent? How does it work?

e) Why should you draw the starting line with a pencil and not with a pen?

f) Explain why a locating agent is necessary in this case.

8. Use your periodic table to calculate the molecular mass of the following:

(a)CaCO3,

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(b)MgCl2,

(c) Al(OH)3

9. The halogen astatine forms a compound with hydrogen having the formula HAt.

(a) Using the combining number of hydrogen as a key, find the combining number of astatine.

(b) As a result calculate the formula of the compounds formed by combining:

(i) Ca & At

(ii) Al & at

10. The alkaline earth metal Strontium forms a compound with fluorine having the formula SrF2.

(a) Using the combining number of fluorine as a key, find the combining number of strontium.

(b) As a result calculate the formula of the compounds formed by combining:

(i) Sr and O

(ii) Sr and N

11. What is the difference between an element and a compound?

12. What is the difference between an atom and a molecule?

13. What is the difference between a molecule of chlorine and a molecule of water?

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