·. ---.---'----- ....... -.-..----.....,.

_---------------~

Concrete Corm

1. Footings; Foundation"

2. Base rail

3. Dulk head

4. Cleats

5. Template

6. Anchor boll

7. Grade nail

8. Form nail

9. Excavation

10. Tie brace

11. Waler ; riband.

12. Stake

13. Brace

14. Wedge; foot block.

15. Spreader

16. Wall form bracing

17. Column form bracing

18. Tie

19. Yoke

20. Column form

21. Wire tie

22. Relnforceinent bars ;

'relnrorcerncnt- 23 Bar supports

24. Tie rod

25. Strut tie

26. Stud

~ 27. Wall

28. Slab form

29. Screed

30. Joist

31. Girder

32. Shore post , 33 .. Sheatlng

Fig. 1.

Cofrajc pentru bcton t. Fundn\le

2. Panou (longitudinal) pl'lnclpal

3. Panou transversal

4. Tachell

5. !;Iablon; gabarlt

6. Bulon de aneorare

7. Cui de repel'

8. Cui de eofraj

9. SlIpllturA

10. Traversll de legAlnril It. Longrlnll de lemn

12. Montant

13. Contravlntulre

14. Panll

15. ,ChlngA - dlstnntlor

16. Contravlntllire cofrn] ncrete

17. Contravlntllire cofrnj stltp

18. Travers II (chlngll)

19. Jug.

20. Cofraj de Sillp

21. Tlrant tie slrmll

22. Armllturl

~3. Suportl de dlstanlA

24. Tlra"t

25. Tl'aversli de lemn

26. Montall

27. Zid

28. Cofrajul pIliI'll

29. Corral sabton de r.hldRre ~O. Grlndll transversata

31. GrlndA 10n~ltudlnRIA

32. Stflp lfiteral. de sprattulre

33. Panou de cofraj

474

o

475

17

, .

• I

I I

~

Fig. 2.

Range masonry; coursed masonry"

1. Coping

2. Header

3. Back

4. Backing

5. Quoin

6. Batter

7. Face

8. Stretcher

9. Facing

ZldArle dc platrA lri aslze

1. Coronament

2. Butisll

'3. Parament posterior

4. Zldllrle de umptuturn :

5. Platrll de colt , O. Frucl; Incllnare

7. Parament

8. Bloc a$ezat In lung

9. PLneaj de pialI'll

476

a. Coffering Fnrmwork"

1. Reinforcement

2. Concrete pier

3. Tie rod

t. Wale; wallingS. Forru wan

6. Stirrups

U. Reinforcement

1. Anchor

2. Stirrup of chair

3. Reinforccrncnt

4. Wire tie

5. Bacl{ wall

C. Panel form or ShllUC1··

1. Tic rod

2. Footing

3. Dovetail

4. Plywood

5. Studrlb

6. Vertical waler; Soldier.

7. Wall

8. Clamp bracket; clamp bearing platc·

Fig. 3.

a. Cofraje

1. Arrnaturt

2. Pita de beton :!. oentura

4. 'rruvcrsn

,. P:100ll de corral 6. Elderl

U. Armiitllri

1. Ancornj

2. Ell'ler

3. Armilt:lrii

4. Lcgiilllrii de sinni'.

5. Zid postcrior

c. Panou de eofraj

1. Tirant

2. Fuudatle

3. HenurA (In coada de rindunlell)

4. Plaea] (de lcmn)

5. Grlnzil;oRrll de Intllrlre G. Montant

7. Per ete

8. Plnca ell elnme

'_6

G

Fig. 4.

Sapaturi sprijinite

1. Groapa excavata

2. Dulap strnplu ~I I>prnlt in teren

tare

3. Perete de 0 c1irAmldll

4. Stmt de htdrolzolatle

5. Strat de beton acoperltor

6. Bcton In rundatte

7. Pilmint vegetal Indepnrtnt ; tmptetrulre

Fig. 5.

Sapaturi cu sprijinirl

I. PAmint

2. Fundul gropll

3. Spralt

4. Dulap de sprtjtntrc

5. Zid de 0 cllrAmldA

6. Strat de ntdrotxotnue

7. Dulap de repnruznre

Timbering trenches

1. Excavated trench

2. Single poling boards and struts In

firm ground

3. 9" wall

4. D.P.C. (damp proof courses) :;. Concrete surrace layer

6. Foundation concrete

7. Top soil removed: hnrd corc

'Timbering trenches I. Earth

2. Bottom of trench

3. Strut

4. Poling board

5. 9" wall

6. D.P.C. (damp prool course) r, Waling

478

479

Timbering in loose ground

1. Trench bottom trimmed

2. Wallngs supporting poling boards

3. Poling boards driven down as excavation proceeds

4. Incomplete excavntlon

Fig. O.

Sprijinire ill piimillt neeeezlv

1. Fundul nlvelat al gropl1

2. Dulnpi de sustlnere a sctndurnor de sprljlnlre

3. Dulapl bAtuti pe masurn innlnlAl"i1 excavattet

01. Sr,pilll1r,l Incompl<'lil

o

I' I,

31 - Dictlcnnr Ilustrat de con~ll'lIcllI, cnglez-roman, cdn, 215

Fig. 7.

Timbcrlng for trcnches In loose earth

Sprljlniri la sllplUurl in plimint afinat

a. Poz it la Rprijinirilor

b. Secllune prtn sltpllturA

1. F'undattl de beton

2. Nlvelul terenului

3. Dulap de repar ttz are

4. DuLapi de sprljinlre joantlvi

5. Sprait

6. Platformil

a. Position of timbering

b. Section through trench

1. Concrete foundation

2. Ground level

3. Waling

4. Poling boards close jointed

5. Strut

6. Platform

482

o

483

iJ

b

Jr'

Footings Cor one and half brick wall

1. Foundation concrete

2. D.P.C. (damp proof course)

Section through square pile

1. Bar

2. Binder

3. Separating forles In pairs

Detail of shoe of pile

1. Bar

2. Blnder-

3. Metal shoe

Fig. 8.

Flllidatii pentru un zid de 11/2 caramidii

1. Beton de lunda lie

2. srat de hldrolzola\lc

Fig. 9.

Sectlune prfntr-un pilot patrat

1. SarA

2. Etrler

3. Furci de dLstantnre til pcrcch 1

Fig. 10.

Detaliu 101 sabotul plletutu!

1. Durli

2. Etrler

3. So\)ot metnlte

484

'I '~

o

485

Ashlar masonry

1. Brick backlnp

2. Masonry lacing

3. Rubble backing

4. Concrete backing

5. Masonry header

6. Masonry stretcher

7. Dovelailed header anel stretcher

Fig. 11.

Zidarie de piatra de taUe

1. trrnptutura cu cl\rilmlzl

2. Parament de plalrl\

3. trrnptutura cu moloane

4. Umplulun1 cu bcton

5. Butlsa de platril

Ii. Dloe cu fala lungn

7. Butise Imblnate in condn de rindunlca

486

o

487

2

Beam foundation on reinforced concrete bearing piles

1. R.C. pile

2,5. Bars

3. Wall

4. Spacing bar

6. D.P.C. (damp proof course)

7. Asphalt

8. Pavement

Con!ltruction at base of wall

1. Concrete foundation under stan-

chion

2. Stanchion base

3. Stanchion

4. Concrete beam supporting walls

between stanchions

5. Wall

6. Cavity

7. Duct

8. Duct cover

9. Hardcore

10. Concretc s'lnb

11. Ground floor

12. Tiles

Fig. 12.

Funda*ie de grinda ue pilo*i portanti de beton arm at

1. Pilot de beton annat 2, 5. Bare

3. Zid

4. Dlstantter'

6. Strat de hldrolzolatte

7. Aslalt

8. Trotuar

Fig. 13.

Constructlo IlL baza zidului

1. F'unda\ie de betou sub SLllp

2. Baza sttlpulut

3. Stllp

4. Grlndl\ de beton care sustlne zt-

durtle dlntre sUlpl

5. Zid

6. Gol

7. canal

8. Acoperirca canalulul

9. Blocaj

10. Placli de beton

11. PardosealA parter

12. Dale

488

I _

( I

I

I

I

,i

.I

_t

Reinforced wall

1. Toe of retaining wall

2. Heel of retaining wall

3. Brlckworlt underpinning

4. Brfckwork on heel of retaining

wall

5. Existing concrete

6. Existing wall

7. Grillage

concrete

retaining

8. Sheet lead seal

9. Stanehlon

10. Floor level

Fig. 14.

Zid de sprijin de bcton armat

1. Plcloru! zldulul de sprljln

2. Plclorul amonte al zldulul >

3. Zldllrle de subzldlre

4. Zidarie Ia plclorul am on to al zt-

dulul

5. Beton existent

6. Zid existent

7. GrAtar de repartizare a prestunt-

lor

8. tzotatte cu Coale de plumb

9. SUlp

10. Nlvelul pardoselll

490

o

491

...... ~

Damp-proof courses

1. Bituminous metallc fclt

2. Ground revet

3. Concrete foundation

4. Floor boards

5. Wood fillets

6. Top layer of concrete

7. Concrete surface layer O. Hardcore

Damp proofing basement floor

1. Conerele foundation

2. Concrete sial>

3. D.P.C. (damp proof course)

4. Cement screed

5. Basement flOOI' R. Ground floor

7. Filler joist floor

R. Filler

9. Joist

10. Wall

11. Vertical D.P.C.

12. Earth

13. Wall

Fig. 15.

Straturi de hidroizola~ie

1. Hldrotzolatte din fO:lle de carton

bltumat eu inserttc de metal

2. Nlvelul terenulut

3. Funda~le de beton

4. Sclndurl de pardoseala

5. Grlnzl~oare de lemn

6. Strat superior de beton

7. Strat de belon peste blocaJ O. U10caj de platrl\

Fig. 16.

Hidroizolarea until subsol

1. Fundallc ric ncton

2. PI ncl\ de beton

3. Hldrolz"la\lc

4. Strat ntvetntor de ctnu-nt

5. Subsol

6. Parter

7. Planseu metnlie Cll rlale de beton.

O. Dale de umptutura

9. Grlndl\ metailcl\ .

10. Zid

11. Strnt vertical dc hldrolzolnlle

12. PAmlnt

13. Zid

492

493

<,

I

c·'-'

Section through base of cavity wall

1. Ground level

2. Concrete floor slab 3.D.P.C.

4. Floor

5. Cavity

6. Wall tic

7. Detail of galvanized Iron wall tic

Bottom of opening in a eavity wall fitted with metal window frame

1. Stretching face bond

2. Wall tic

3. Plaster

4. Hopes cavlty frame

5. Glazing

6. Window board

7. Meta,1 slll

8. Stone sill

Fig. 17.

Secfiune prin baza unui zld eu goluri

1. NlveJul terenulul

2. DaHl de planseu de bcton

3. Stmt de hldrolzolalle

4. PardosealA

5. Gol

6. AncorA de pcrcu

7. Detnltu de ancora de perett din fler galvanlzat

Fig. 18.

Partea inferioara a unul gol intr-un zid cu goluri, in care este montat un cadru metallc de fcreastra

1. ZidArle de ciirllmldll

2. Ancora de perctt

3. Tencutata

4. Cadru de obturare n golulul de

ztd

5. Geamurl montate

6. Gill! de ferenstrll

7. Prag metallc

8. Solbanc de platrii

495

English bond brlck walls

a. 1'/. brick wall

b. Two brlc1e wall

1. Two brklt wall

2. Toothlng

3. Clean stopped end f. Queen closer

5. 1 1/2 brick wall

Brick piers in English bond

c. 9" pler

d. 13'12" .pler

o

Fig. 19.

LegAturi Ia sisternul englez de zldarie de ciirarnidii

a, Zid de 0 cilrilmldil !;OI jumillale b. Zid de doun cArilmlzl

1. Ztd de doua cilrilmlzl

2. Strepl de legAturii

3. Capilt neted de zld

4 .• Tumiltate de cilrilmldil cloplltil In

lung

5. Zid de 0 eilrilmldil ~I jumillate

Stilpi de cariirnhlii in sis tern de Icgaturii cnglcz1t

c. Stilp de 0 ellriimldll

d. Stilp de 1 1/2 cllrAmldi\

n .,'j I _. ~ r~ 4

f l, 'I

"~ I

, I 'j

!,",'

.·0.,

~.

c

32 - Dlc\ionar lIu~trnt de construclll, cnglcz-romlln, cdn, '2.15

Intersecting brick walls

1. Junction wall

2. Toothlng Into main wall

3. Check for frame

4. King closers

5. Reveal for window or doorway

English bond

1. Acute squint quoin

2. Sharp angle splayed off

3. Obtuse squint quoin

Fig. 20.

Intersec,1l de ziduri de cArlmldi

1151. Zld de legliturli (secundar)

2. Imbucare tn zldul principal

3. Glaf retras pentru toe

4. CArAmlzl clopllte In formA de trapez

5. Ancndrament pentru Iereastra sau portal (u~A)

Fig. 21.

Sistem engtez de legAturl t. Colt tn unghl asclI\lt

2. Unghl sseu\lt t~lt

3. Col\! In unghl obtuz

498

()

499

11 , .!'I t' .'

Ilr _"

:·.1 ',"

'"

t·'':!·'~l. ltV·} .,;: -: '., ;. ,I,·

"I.t

.1

32·

Fig. ,22.

Construction of chimney stack above a flat roof

Constructla cosulu! deasupra unu] acoperlll plat

1. Line of flue

2. Chimney breast

3. Trimmer

4. Roofs joists

5. Fclt

6. Asphalt

7. Flashing

8. Brick corbelling

9. Wall plate

10. Stone coping

11. Wall end to coping

12. Chimney stack above roof

13. Flues

14. Chimney pots

15. Cement hnunching

I. Llnla cnnalulul de fum

2. Perellljzldul cosurut

3. Jug

4. Grlnzllc acoperl~ulul

5. Impl8llturA

6. Asfalt

7. Pazla hklrolzolntlel

8. consoia din cArAmlzl

9. CosoroabA

10. CopcrtinA dc platrA

11. Caplltul ztdutut Is copcrtinA

12. Co~ul deasupra acoperlsutut

13. Canale de fum

14. Caclula de cos

15. tngro~nre cu mortar de clment

500

o

501

l',i:

, I

"

o

502

Fig. 23.

Plan,ee do lemn la parter

1. Fundatll de beton

2. Nlvelul terenutut

3. Blocaj

4. Strat de beton

5. Perete de 0 cArAlnldA

6. Scindurl de planseu

7. Strat de hldrolzola~le

8. Grlnzl de plansee

9. CosoroabA

10. SUlpl de eArAmldA ascznte la Intervale

11. Aerlslre

Timber ground floors

1. Concrete foundations

2. Ground level

3. Hardcore

4. Concrete surface layer

5. 9·' wall

6. Floor boards

7. D.P.C.

8. Timber JHoor jOists

9. Timber bearer

10. Brick piers placed at Intervals

11. Air ventilation

8

Fig. 24.

Floors with herring-bone strutting

Plansee cu contravinturi in cruce

1. Herrlng-bunc strutting

2. Joists

3. Floor boards

4. Return wall

5. Reln[orced concrete IIntolo'lintel

6. Angle section supporting arch

7. Soldier arch

8. Reveal

1. Contravlntulre In cruce

2. GrlndulalA

3. Scindurl de planseu

4. AripA de perete

5. Bulandrug de beton arrnat

6. CornlerA de sustlnere a areulul de cArAmldA

7. Arc din cllrllmlzl In plcloare

8. Ancadrament

Wood block flooring

1. Hardwood blocks bcdded on mas-

tic

2. Skirting

3. Plaster

4. D.P.C. (damp proof COurse)

Precast .. Truscon" floor

1. Precast unit

2. Contlnuity bars

3. Fine concrete

f. Fine concrete screed

5. floor battens

6. Floor boards

7. Rolled steel beam

8. Concrete casing

Section through reinforced concrete floor slab

1. 7" Slab

2. Beam casing; 2- Rolled stcel shape

3. 13 1/2" Wall

4. Longitudinal bars S. Diagram for bars

o

Fig. 25.

Pardoseali de lemn de esenJi tare

1. Calupurl de lernn a~ezatc pe mas-

tic de bltum

2. PUntA

3. TenculalA

4. Strat de hldrolzolatle

Fig. 26.

.

Plan,eu prcfabrleat "Trllscon"

1. Element prefabrlcat

2. Bare de legAturll

3. Beton cu agregate mArlinte

4. Strat nlvelator de beton cu agrc-

gate mllrunte

5. Grlnzl$oare de pardosenHI.

6. Sclndurl de pardosealA

7. Profll lamlnat

8. 1mbrllcllmlnte (acoperlre) de belon

Fig. 27.

Sectfune prin placa plan,eului de beton armat

I. Placa plan$eulul

2. Montura (sectlunea] IIrI02:II: nrorn

lamlnat 2-

3. Perete de 0 cllrllmldA $1 jumlilate

4. Bare longltudlnale

S. Extras de armlitllrll; DI1'grama baretor

i

r

J

J'

.:

,

.'

- ----..~ ~., ............ - -_

Cz

Sketch of reinforcement· at wall end of floor

1. Floor slab

2. Longitudinal bars

3. Recess In brickwork

4. Floor boards on battens

5. Floor clips

Insulation of timber floor

I. Joists

2. Lath and plaster or fibre board

3. Felt blanket

4. Fibre board

5. Floor boards

Window openings

1. Check for frame

2. Reveal

3. Stone sill

4. Groove for water-bar

5. Return end of sill

6. Throatlng

Fig. 28.

Sehi~a armArU plan,eulul la eapitul spre perete

1. Placa planseutut

2. Bare longltudlnale

3. AdlnclturA In zldAl'le

4. Sclndllrl de pardosealA pe grlnzl~oare

5. AgrafA de pardosealA

Fig. 29.

Izolarea plan,eelor de lemn

1. Grlnzl

2. :;llpcl "I tenculata " sau placA fibro-

lemnoasA

3. Strat de ImpIsliturA

4. PlacA fibrolemnoasil

5. Scindurl de pardosealA

Fig. 30.

Goluri pentru terestre

1. Glaf pentru tocul fercstrel

2. Aneartrament (gIaf)

3. Sol bane de platrA

4. Fait pentru oprlrea apeI

5. CapAt Intors al soIbanculul

6. LAcrlmar

506

o

507

.'

, t~

, :

Fig. 31.

508 Ii(

------------------------------------------------~~

a. Semi-circular axed brick facing arch

1. Half elevation of external axed brick arch

2. Half elevation of Internal rough

brick arch In two rings a, Center

4. Span

5. Springing line

6. Arch

7. Soffit of external arch

a. Arc in plin clntru din carlimidA de {aladA

1. JumAtate de elevatle a areulul exterlor de cArAmldi\

2. Jumlltate de elevatle a arcutut Interior din cArAmldA brutll In doua Inele

3. Centrul areulul

4. Deschldere

5. Llnla nasterlt n. Arc

7. Intradosul arcutul exterior

h. Sketch through arch

b. Vederc pcrspectlvA prin arc

1 Axed facing arch

2. Rough brick arch built In two brick rings

3. Reveal

1. Arc de parament centrat

2. Arc din cArAmlzl brute asezate In douA lucie

3. Ancadrament

Fig. 32.

Elevation of semi-circular arch in stone

Elcvalia unui arc in plin clntru de platra

1. ZldArie de cllrl1mldll aparentll In

slstem flamand

2. Deschldere

3. Centru

4. Intrados

5. SUlp de colt

6. Na!j\terea bol\U

7. Boltar

8. Chele; bol\ar de chele

9. Bandou

10. PlatrA de taUe II. Re;}zem orlzontal

12. Hebord; curba rei>ordulul

1. Brickwork in Flemish bond 2.0pcnlng

3. Centre

4. Soffit

5. Jamb stone

6. Springer

7. Arch stone

8. Key stone

9. String course

10. Ashlar

11. Horizontal seating

12. Line of rebate

I

\ I

,,\i,

--- --- - -b-- -Y_ __ J

a

'I: .,

0.1.-· f I

:-s:: ) ,

:::i=lzf ---:"

~Jh_'_~ il ~ --- -.

Steel-framed structures

Sketch of stanchion showing connections

I. RolJed steel shaped stanchion

2. Rolled steel shaped

3. Cleats

Timber roofs

I. Rafters

2. Alternative method of jointing'

3. Battens

4. Rafters

5. Wall plate

6. Rafters project I foot to form

eaves

7. Tilting fillet

8. Fascia board

9. agee gutter

10 .•• Counters" slatting centre natled 11. Close boarding

Fig. 33.

Structuri din cadre de oJel

Schl\A de stllp cu expunerea ImblnArlior

I. Stllp din profile laminate

2. Profll lamlnat

3. EcUse de asamblare

Fig. 34.

Acoperl,uri de lemn

1. CAprlorl

2. MetodA alternatlvd de Imblnare

3. l;llpcl

4. CApriorl

5. Cosoroabii

6. CAprlorl ICljIU In Marll pentru R

forma streastnn

7. Sort de tablA

8. Pazle

9 Jgheab cu prom

10. PIAci de ardczle "counters" blltute In cruce Ia mljloc

11. AsterealA (cu setndurt nIAlllral!')

510

-t-

1

o

2

'r

Rcinforcc(l concrete roof

1. Surface of reinforced concrete

stanchion flush with wall

2. Concrete roof beam :1. Bars

4. Steel reinforcement bars In rooC

slab

5. Mastic asphalt In two layers

6. Floor slab

7. Lead fI ash i nzs

O. Helnforced concrete front beam

9. Cement screed laid to fall

10. Stone coping

Fig. 35.

AcoPCrlli de betnn armat

1. ~'ala stlIpulul de beton armat In

acetast nlvel cu zldul

2. Grlnda de bnton a acopertsutul

3. Bare de armAturll •

4. Bare de otet pentru armnrea pIrI-

cll acoperlsutut

;. Mastic de asfalt In doud straturi

6. Plaea planseutul

7. Sort de tnblA de plumb

8. Grlndil de beton armnt din fn\1\

9. Stmt de elment de ntvetaro usezat in pantA

10. Copertlna de plntrA

5113

33 - Dictional' Itustrnt de construcul, cngtcz-roman, cda, 215

Masonry construction

1. Elevation of. external door

2. Pavement

3. Glazed panel

4. Arch joints In heat!

5. Lead covering

G. Door frame ·T. Dwarf wall

Section through doorway

n. Concl'..:!le base

9. Concrete

10. Duel

11. j,'loor

1 J. 31{irllng ir. Lining

H. Architrave

15. !lolled steel shape iii. ],~.:tl'C or pl,:l'

Construction of stone head, course and cornice

I. Rolled steel joi"l and plnte 2. Head course

J. Hook bolt and pin in juint

4. Cor nlce

5. Plaster

6. Sklrtlnl!

7. Floor

n. Inside race of pier under floor

Flg.3G.

Construcfii de zidAric

1. Elevalla u~1I exterlonre

2. '1'rotua1'

3. 'l'ublle eu geam

4. Legdturl ule arculut eu traversa superloara a toeulul

5. Aeoperl~ de tabUI de plumb In copertlna

n. 'rocul ustt 7. Zid pltte

Scc~htnc pl'in portal

8. FlIndnlil! de belon

9. !Jcton

10. Canal

11. Pal'do~('ali,

12. PUntli

13. Cllptu~ealll

14. Arhltrnvll

15. Profll de otet lomlnllt

16. I"a\a stllplilul

Fig. 37.

Construcfia Ilntoulul, a briulul (1e butise !;Ii a cornl~cl de piutra

1. Grlnda din prom I !1l pined

2. Rlnd/brlu de buttse

J. Bulon de cirllg ~I ~lIft In rost 4. Co1'nll1d

s, 'l'eneuLali\

6. PJlntli

7. Pnrdoseolll

8. Fala Inte1'lonrA n sllJpulul dc sub ptanseu

514

515

33'

Three panelled door

I. Door frame

2. Archttrave ulock

3. Architrave

4. Top of dOOI' frame fastened to joists

5. j;'rame head

6. Single senon in top rail

7. Top panel

8. Stile

9. Hinge

10. Tenon at top or muntin

11. Double tenon in loci, rail

12. ROU3h ground

13. FloOI' boards

14. Tiled floor

15. Tiled dado

16. Pln~ter

)'1. Plaster covlrig

18. Parlilion blocks

19. Partition slabs

20. Ceiling Jotsts

21. Lath and plnster ceiling

Fig. 38.

U~ii. cu trei tiblU

1. Toeul u~ll

2. Bloc I soetu de arhltravA

3. Arnursva

4. Caplitul de sus at tocuiut usll f1xat de grlnzl

5. Traversa de sus II tocutut

G. Irnblnare cu eep stmplu la tra-

versa de sus II rarnel

7. Tllblla de sus

D. Lahlm ramell toculul u~JI I'. Bnlamn

10. Cep la eapatu] de sus :II rlglel cen Ira 1 c (a U~Il)

II. Imblnal'e eu cep dublu a rlglel

broa~tei

12. Netezlre I nlvelare groslera

13. Seindurl de pardollealll

14. Pardosealll lInlnta

15. soctn de perete pia cat

16. TenculaJA

17. scara de Ipsos

18. Blocurl despilrlltonre

19. Dale de pereu desplirlltolll'C

20. Grlnzl de tavan

21. Tavan de slpc] $1 tcnculnlll (de lpsos) uscata

516

,0

'517

518

Construction of stairs ut Iandings

Plan

1. Down trends

2. Up treads

3. Landing

4. Post

5. Handrail

6. Well

Sectioll

7. Plaster sofilt

o. Rolled steel shape

9. Flat

10. Terrazzo

11. Plaster

Ruinwater discharge into rainwater head

I. Raiflwater head

2. Rainwater pipe

3. Lead pipe burned 10 lining 01

cesspit

4. Lead lined cesspit

5. Lead flashing

6. Tiles

7. Cement fillet

R. Brick on edge coping 9. Asphalt

Fig. 39.

Censtrucflu scarllor la podeste

Plan

1. Trepte de BearA coborttonre

2. Trepte de selll·A urcatoare

3. Podest de scar;'

4. Montant·

5. Min;' curentA

G. Casa scartt (dlstanla tntrc arlplle seArl!)

Secllune

7. Intrados tencult

8. Prom I (de olel)

9. PlatbandA de otet

10. Terrazzo (elment mozalcat)

11. TenculaUI

Fig. 40.

Scurgcrca auel de ploaic in dl.zanclul de burtan

1. CilzAnel de burlan

2. Durlan de scurgcro

3. Teav1\ de plumb Iipll;' la nlvclul

baset

4. Da~a eilptu~it1l cu tabl1l de plumb

5. Sor] de tablA de plumb

6. Lespezl

7. Guier (duslnii) de elmcnt

o. Copertlnll de cllrllmldil pc much Ie 9. Asfalt

()

519

I I

I f

~.------- -

6

Plan

Elevation of stc 1

e ruot

,I,' CIC:ltS

... PICI'

:I. Slone

4. CCiIlngltj!1l\ pl:11 c

5. Purlin olsts

6. Boardl .,

7. Rartersno

8. Ridge b

9. Eave oards

10. GU~s~t

Fig. 41.

Elevajla .

unei term

I. Ecllse C dc otel

~. SUlp de asamblare

· Rcazcm d

~. Grlnzlle I C pial 1".1

· PanA avanutul

~. Asterealll

8' gaprlOri

O. ulapl de

10' GStrea~lna coarna

· useu

truss

Durm .

cr window

1 T I

.,' Tl' mmcr

3: P~~ tenon

~. Batlpll

6' ~a~Ping 7' usk ten

o. Flrrlng p~n jOint

. Trlmml eces

O. Trlmm~g ratter

10. Slate b - rafters

11. Count atlens

12 .. Joist ers states

13 s

14' Boarding

15' Lead roll

. Post

16. Sill

17. Le.1d

apron

Fig. ·12.

Lucarna

1. Jug

2. Cep eu

3. Montantprag ~. grlnzil;oare

. rinda t· .

~. Imblnareunsversalil

0: g~ilaj de ~~e~ep ,,1 prRIl

9 prior d pentru t

10' ~fprlorl pell"ln~ .lullul encututa

II' P pel pentr nst III Jug

. Iilel d u prtns .

12. Grlnz' e ardczle plaeltc

13. Ast .1 "countcrs"

14. Tab~~~llil .

15. Mont plumbuitii

16. Glal ant

17. 501'\ de

tabU, de 1)1 umb

~;r';--

520

! ~~.'

, ~.

, _.

, .. ~

" ,' ..

, i

~ J ..

"

I. , I

"

---------------------------- ---------------

Window openings

1. Timber centre fur stone arch

2. Timber cen Ire for brick arch

3. Opeulug

4. Springing Iine

5. Tie

6. Prop

7. Radius rod

3. Springing stones

9. Stoncs rcsung on [olding wedges

10. Lngglngs placed to sustuln wedges

11. Folding wedges

12. Struts

13. Lngglngs

Windows

J. Stone head

2. Reinforced eonen:lc Iintol

3. Folding wedges

4. Head

5. Sash top hinged

6. Glazing

7. Sash to open outwards

8. Transome

9. Sash removed

10. Frame

11. End of wood sill

12. Stone slJl

Fig. 43.

Goluri pentru ferestre

1. Clntru 'de lemn pentru arce de plalrA

2. Cintru de lemn pentru arce de

carllmldA

3. Deschldere

4. Linin nastertt

5. MoazA

6. Pop

7. TIjIl radlalil

8. Bollarl de nastero

9. Boljart rezemau pc pene biHutE una clltre alta

10. Manta (cAptu~eaJli aseznta pcntru

a susune penele)

11. Pene blltute una cAtre HIla

12. Contrafise

13. Manta (de dulnpl sau sclndurtj

Fig. H.

Ferestre

1. Llntou de plmrt,

2. Butartdrug de beton nrrnut

3. Pcnc bAtute una catre atta

4. Traversll superloara a tocutut te-

restrel

5. Cercevea de sus articulata

6. Geamurl montate

7. Cercevea eu deschldcre In extcrlor

8. TraversA

9. Cereevea scoasa

10. RamA

11. CapAtlll solbancutut de lomn

12. Solb:mc de platrll

522

l!,.:

~'

~JI ' :

1 ;'"i

I

"

Detail of reinforcement connectlon between beam and column

1. Span

2. Wall lace

3. Bars

4. Bindings

5. Section through column above floor level

6. Section through beam

7. Scction through column

Parquet floor

1. Herringbone parquet

2. Plaitcd parquet

3. Simpie panel parquet

4. Plaited panel parquet

Fig. 45.

Detaliu de asamblare a armaturilor grlnzii cu armatul'ile sUIpului

1. ncsctuucre

2. Fata poretclul

3. Dare de arrnaturn

4. Etrlerl

5. secjtune prln stllp dcasuprn nlvclului ptanseulut

G. SccUune prln grind II 7. Secllune prin stlJp

Fig. 46.

Parchet (pardoseala parchetata)

1. Parehel In spie slrnptu

2. Parchel Implctlt

:I. Parchot In ctrnpurt stmple 4, Parchet In elm purl Implctit

524

o

525

2

.\

Dormer window

Larmier

Fig. 47.

Luearna

Fig. 48.

Lacrimar

5211

527

!t21l

'files

Fig. 49.

Tigle

Columns

Fig. 50.

Coloane

Order of columns

Orcline de cotoane

a, Composite order b. Corinthian order e. Ionic order

d. Doric order

e. Tuscnne order

n, Ordlnul compoztt

b. corlnllc

c. Ionic

d, doric

e. toscan

\.:_)

Arch

a. roman arch

b. rampant arch

c. raised arch

d. three-foiled I threefolded

e. Tudor arch

f. elliptical arch

g. horseshoe arch

h. lancet arch I. douclne nrch

Flg.5l.

Arc

a. arc In pltn clntru

b. arc rampant I ascendent

c. .. lanceolat

d. trnobat

c. Tudot·

f... ellptlc

g. .. In potcoava

h. " Ianocotnt 1. •• In dustna

530

531

o

e

f

a

d

9

34·

Various types of arches

Fig. 52.

Diverse tip uri de arcr

532

o

533

d

.#~\

- __ .~,!/" '>\ \

.( .' \ \

-- ,---/ .

e

- /,/_L~' <\ /!'~--

.: '.:' ':'_-~-_\J::

... "

~. t r . ,

',. -,

, ~

c

.' -~r

-~~-:/ .

:::~ Jo;~~ . "f

l..!._.~) • .~/-

l!t I '._

. __ , : -- - \-

--, r I ~

a. Two centered arch

1. Blunt or drop arch

2. Equilateral arch

3. Acute or lancet arch

b. Basket handle arch or three ccn-

tered arch

c. Four centered arch

d. Flat arch [ack or platband arch

e. Two cuspect arch

f. Corbeled arch

n. Arc cu doun centre

1. Arc turt! t

2. Arc ecnuaterat

3. Arc oglvnl suprnlni'll\at·

b. Arc tn miner de CO'$ (arc eu trel

centre)

c. Arc cu patru centrc (nr,c 'l.'udQr)

d. Arc plat

e. Arc trttobat

f. Arc In oglvi\

1. Brick arch

2. stone arch

Fig. 53.

1. Arc de cil'amida

2. Arc de platrl1

a. Segmental arch

b. Tudor arch

c. Pointed arch (gothic arch)

d. Flat arch (platband arch)

e. EIHptlCc~1 arch

f. S"llIlcirclllar arch

a. Arc din segmente

b. Arc Tudor

c. Arc ogtval (go tic)

d. Arc plat

c. Arc ellptic

r. Arc in pHn clntru

d. Parts of an arch

1. Span

2. Springing line

3. Skewback springer

4. Intrados; soffit

5. Keystone

6. Rise

7. Spandrel

8. Haunch

9. Vertical abutment

10. Extrados or back

11. Voussolr

12. Crown·-keystone

b. Voussoir arch

1. Springing Une

2. Backing

3. Springer

4. Intrados; soffit

5. Keystone

6. Rise

7. Spandrel

8. Haunch

9. Vertical abutment

Entablature; entablcmcnt

Fig. 54.

a. Elcmcntele unui arc (unei bol~i)

1. Deschiderea

2. Llnia na~teri1

3. Na.;tere 4.lntmdos

5. Cheia (bolturut de chele)

6. Sligeata

7. Tlmpan

8. Corpul arculut

9. Cuzlnet

10. Extrados

11. Boltar

12. Chele

b. Arc din boltari

1. Llnla nasrerlt

2. Zldllrle de umpllltura

3. Doltar de nastcro

4. Intrados

5. Chela (boltarut de chele)

6. Sligenta

7. Timpan

8. Corpul arcului

9. Cuzlnet

Fig. 55.

Antablamcnt

534

'0

535

t..n

o

006

537

Frame (of a door)

Fig. 56.

Ancadramcnt (de u~ll)

Acanthus

Fig. 57.

Acanta

Architrave

Fig. 58.

Arhitrava

Flute; fluting

Fig. 59.

Canelurll.

Base of column

Fig. 60.

Bazi!. a coloanci

538

o

539

~: ---=
" =,
~
.L.-.L..l.. . .. -.--~-- --------------

Atlas

Apse

Fig. 61.

Absi(la

Fig. 62.

Atlant

540

()

541

." ,

o

543

542

Fig. 63.

Statule pe acrotera

Acrot£r - statue

Fig. 61.

Impostll (diferite tipuri)

Impost (several types)

, . ,

,

L .. _.

, . , ,

:

,

I

.... ---- ....

i

L ':_

Fig. 65.

Hyperbolic paraboloid roofs In Aeoperi~url in forma de paraboshell concrete loid hiperbolie din pinze subJlrJ de beton arm at.

544

Fig. 66.

Polygonal dome in shell concrete Cupola poligonala din pinza subtire de bcton armat

Fig. 67.

Vault: gothic vault(ing)

Boltil gotica

Fig. 68.

Capitel

Capitel compozit

Capital Composite capital

1111111111

35 - Dlctlorrar Ilustrat de consu-ucjn, cngtcz-roman, cda. 215

Corinthian capital

Fig. 69.

Capitel corintic

Capitel of a pillar

Fig. 70.

Capitelul unul still)

35'

Volute

Fig. 71.

Voilltl'l.

550

Porch

Fig. 73.

Portic

I .

Fig. 73.

Porch

I>ortic

550

-

55.1

Acanthus leaf

Fig. 74.

Frunza de aeantii

r! , \, "",'

Crochet (early gothic crochet)

Fig. 80.

Crosct (croset ,otic tlmpur!u)

Fig. 81.

Cariatlda

Balustrade

Fig. 82.

BalustradA

556

Gallery

Fig. 83.

Galcrie

Crcncl(c)

Fig. 84.

Crcncl

558

o

559

Fig. 85.

Profile de o~el lamina'

1. Prom I minim ~I maxim

2. P.rolll U minim ~I maxim

3. Otel cornier cu arlpl egale

Inegate

4. Prom T standaro 1$1 special

5. Prom I cu talpA IArgitA

6. Prom 40' BF 234 (maxim)

Fig. 86.

Construejle in formlL de dinU de (crastrlLu cu stilpi ingustnU jos sudate in hangul lnlmil

1. Geam

2. Azbest

3. TollI 5'Xl/2"

4. InimA 1/2"

5. Prom I 10'X5"

6. ProfU I 8'XS" secuonat In dlagonalil pcntru a forma sUipU

7. Prom U 4"XZ"

560

Rolled steel sections

1. srnanest and largest rolled steel joist

2. Smallest and Largest rolled steel

channel

3. Equal and unequal angle t. Standard and spectal Tee

S. O' broad flange (BF); Beam 43,6" 6. 40' BF Beam 234' (largest BF)

North-light construction with tapered stanchions, welded along the webs

1. Glass

2. Asbestos

3. Flange 5'Xl/2'

4. 1/2' web

5. RSJ lO'XS'

6. RSJ 8'X5' cut diagonally to form tapered stanchions

7. RSC 4'X2'

sl

o

561

"/2 ., ,.

t .. j

:I[J7"

t"'--~-----~ ~--

--._--P-i

= "'I [J

l_- ?2___;'-e___' .-----l

6

36 - tncttonnr Ilustrnt de construcut, cl1glcz-l'omiin. cd a , 215

(

- _. - . .__ ---_ .. _-_- -.~--------.-------------

Pillars in reinrorced brickwork

Fig. 117.

Stilpi din zidiil'le de ciirAmida armata

I. C:irlimldii cu ~lI~url 2. Legftturil de sirmil J. Bare de 1/2"

1. Il:lre 1/2' ~I 3/4"

1. siouee brrcks

2. Wire tie

3. 1/2" dLameter bars

4. 1/2' and 3/4" diameter bars

Fig. 88.

Scction of a small house projcct showing methods of insulation. ventilation and heating (Including insolation)

Seejlune (lintr-un proleet de casli mlcli cu indicarca metodelor de izola~lI, vcntllare Ili InclUzlre prln radiatie solarll

I. Aluminum foil Insutat lon

2. MineraI wool Insutnttnn

3. Insulating plaster

4. RadianL heat

5. Reflected heat G. Solar heat

7. Ventilation

fl. nouule glm~llI~

1. rzoiaue din folie de nlumlnlu

2. Jzola\le din vata mlncralll

3. Tcnculalft lzolatoarc

4. Ciildur:i rndlantll

5. Cilidurli rc[(cctatll G. Cilidura solnrrl

7. Vcnt llntte

:!. vurnro duhl"

562

o

.. '

563

-_ .. _---------

36·

--------_._----

Fig. 89.

Tholobatc

Tambur al cupolel

Fig. 90.

Tower

Turn

564

565

:\

I I

, , ,

I I I I I I

/ ,/

/ .': ~T~r1I·"tr-nrnrTTT..._.j

,

\

\

,

\ , ,

"

Kiosk

Campanile

l<'ig. 91.

Chio~c

Fig. 92.

Campanilii

5(16

• • • 'J" .......... ~ ~. I' .' • ,

o

Caterllillar mounted guidet bucket excavator'

1. Bucket ctiain adjustcL' placement

2. Hu("kd chain ~. DoolII- Jill"

4. l3uckct Jaddcl'

5. Pinion eng,aging on wheel

H. Counterbalancc; countcrwctgtu-

7. Loading hopper

8. Hall car

9. Crawler track

10. Idlc spockct of bucket arm

c

Fig. 93.

Excavator cu cupe moutat ne ~enile

1. PU1.i\ia dispOl.lllvulul de Inllnde,'c

(1 lnntulul ell cupe

2. Lun], Cll cupe a. UrR~

,1. Ellnd;'

5. Plnlun de '"lgrcm.rc pe roalii u, Contragrclllale

7. Pilnle de 111ciircal'c n. Vngonet

9. scnuc

10. 'rnmour de Intoarcere n cllnde'

J( J..

,

'.

,.

Earthworks ill loosc ground Crawlcr mounted back hoc shovel

1. Boom

2. Backhoe bucket arm; bucket ann.

3. Buckct

4. Auxiliary framc

5. Backhoe cablc; dlsglng ropes

6. Backhoe bucicet sheave

7. Boom sheave; jib centcr pulley.

R. Pivot pin for backhoe bucket arm

9. Llfllng drum

10. Pulling drum

J I. Movable bucket sheave 12. Auxilliary frame sheave

Earth dipper ; cxcavutur bucket"

1. Dipper bowl; bucket-

2. Welded door

3. Door latch keeper

4. Door latch

5. Cast steel lip

fl. BaH lug; stirrup IuS. 7. Back brace lug

R. Door hinge pin

9. Dipper handle lug

a. Foumlations on caissons

1. cutunu edge

2. Sheath, sneaune. shell skirt

3. Curb

h. OI)Cn cyllndrica! caisson

4. Concrete

5. Rclnforcemcnt

6. t-bearn rcinforcement.

7. Tremle concrete SC:11

9. WOlInI' level

c-:

Fig. 94.

'l'crasamcnte ill terenuri friabilc Excavator cu cupa intoarsa

1. S:lgC:1ti\ (brat)

2. Brn~ul cupel

3. Cupa

4. 1;'evalet I suport auxtuar

5. Cablu de mancvra a cupcl; cablu de excavat

6. Scripete de cablu

7. Scrlpete pentru cablul din centruj

sAge\il

O. Arucutatta bratutut eupel

9. Tambur pentru rldlcarea cupcl

10. Tambur pentru tracttune

11. Scrlpete mobil al eupel

12. Scrlpcte de pe suportul auxiliar

Fig. 95.

Cupa dc excavator

1. Perete de cupA

2. Clap" de fund sudatn

3. Grtndll de ghldaj a zavorutut 1. ZAvorul clapetel

5. BuzA de otel turnat G. Urcche de prlndere

7. Urechc de prlndere a brajulut clupetel

8, Axut de artlculatte a olapetel

9. Ureehe de Ilxare 0 bratutut clapetel

Fig. !Hi.

a. Fmulal,jj no cheseane J. ClIlltul chesonulul

2. CAptu5ealn (invell~ul) carnercl de lucru

3. Coroana chcsonulul

b. Chcson deschis dc rorma cllilHlrica

4. Beton

5. Armilturil

6. Ann!ltur1\ de prom 1

7. Dop de etansare din belon lurnat sub npl!

8. Nlvclul npel

570

, "

.3

; ~:
~i .
':0 >,
:j', ri.~·1
:4- '!,
~ t.
~ "
; ~\
~
"~
" -(,_
'~
'~I
::'
.),,
.;' ~1::'"
ii ~-!
,~.:.~
.' 1';
~,
,
\'
" ,.
/0
r
J
,.(
'=.lo.'
" l ....
~i
<. "
'j; '~,
~'~ ,I
r
,oJ, c
, " 1

,

,

-

.

~ 'r,

Caissen with steel shell

Fi!;", 97,

Cheson metallc

1. steer shctt

2. Ail' lock

3. Hoisl

4. Disposal chute

5. Rcnlovablc cof(erdilln

6. T:lucltel

7. workinu chamber II. S~eE'1 sncu

U. Culling edge

10. nip-rap rock fill·

11. Worl{ing platform

12. Airline

13. ~cnf[oldil1g 1-1. Concrete

1. Perete meta lie

2. Sas de aer

3. Trollu

4 .• 1ghcab de evacuarc

5. Bnt a rrf ou deplasabll

6. Benet

7. Camera dc Iucru II. Percle metnlle

n, cuiuo: cncsonutut

10. Anrocnrnentc

11. PI"lformi'1 de 1ueru

12. Contluctii de aer

13. E~"rodaJ H. Beton

Fig, !III.

u. Front end el111)tying waggon scraper

a. Screper rcmorcat eu descarcarca prin (a~a

1. Ma in rrnrne

2. Fron l wheels :l. Front pivot

·1. Scraper bowl j. Cullin::: cd!:c Ii. Front aprnn t, Talt gate

:1. Super::;t ruct-uo !I. Real' wheels 10. Push bar

I, Sasiu

2. noute din fatii

3. Plvotul din fa\[1

4. Bella scrcpcrului :;. 1.;II11ii tiiletoare

I;. Tabtleru! din falil t. F'undul mobil

II. ~lIpr"structura

9, Rollle din spate

III. Baril tampon de Irnptngerc

U. Disc pulvimixer

b. Plug ell discurl

c. Shcoptoot rollcr ; tamping rolkr

c. 'ravalu&, picior de oale

572

C-r:.,·/,\_fi:in ' .... 6 =( ---.----

~JJ---

1~#&#~/~:~~~~~f:mz,:,',~-:r,7. .... ~g·~~Z//~ ~,~

,.

u

('\ ... ./

574

Excavating plant

Fig. 99.

Utilaj tcrasicr

1. Dulldozcr

1. Buldozer

Fig. 100.

2. Crawler mounted shovel

2. Excavator pe ~cnJle

Fig. 101.

3. Dragllne

3. Dragllnii

• 575

__________________________________ ~5~7~6 . 5~1~1 ~------------------------------

4. RO:lll roller

Cement gun machine'

1. Uppcr hopper

2. Lower hoppcr

3. Lever

4. Nonie.'

5. Ji"Pl~rt

Fig. 102.

4. nutou compresor

Fig. 103.

Aparat lie torcreta.t

1. nuncarn) supcrlor

2. Buncarut Inferior ~. Pirghie

4. Ajlllnj

5. Aumentnre

'.

37 - Dlctlounr ttustrnt de eonst ruct+l, engtcz-romnu. ella. 215

4. Rorul r

6. rntertocktnu joint

7. Dovetail joint 8 ... V" joint

Driving. sinldn~ by injection and pile-drivers

a. Draw line

b. Pilc hnmmr-r : mor.kr-v

,t.dar

~otl de pllotl tnsuruoau Hotl cu disc la capatut

.e

roCile de p..~lplan~e (me-

z

'sen

"''''_''

570

579

-, .~

re deIemn

shnplA de palplanse de de palplnnse in doni! cu l.amb:1 ~I uluc

'paraUl

e de palplnnse In trei

u. L"'U."~' _ 'prln Imbucare

7. Imblnare In eondi!. de rindunlci!.

8. Imbtnare In V

'r ~.~

Fig. 105.

Baterea, inflgerea prin Jet de apa ~i ell sonete .

a. Cablu de rldleot berbccul

b. Berbec (de hfttut Pllotl)'

a

37·

•• - ••• • 'l"~ I·L .. ,. t _.

r:

J

b

a: Pipe-pile; tubular pile

Fig. 104.

a. Pilot tubular

1. Type of the foot of a screw pile

2. Type of the foot n I' a dislt pile

1. Tip de sabott de pllotl tnsurubatt

2. Tip de pilotl Cll disc la eapatul Inferior-

b. Sheet piles

b. Palplanse

int~riockln'g 3. 'Dtverse ,- profile de palplanse (me-

. _ tatlce) :

,.:',~,j' 4~::rrofil In Z

; '~'JJ~~tP..r.orll Larsen

C. ljalplan~e de iel1111

1. -Asarnblnre simplA de patplanse de lemn

2. Asamblare de patplnnse In dou" rindurl

3. Imblnare cu lamba_ ~I utuc

4. Lnmbll separatll

5. Asamblarc de patptanse In trel

rindurl _

6. tmblnare prln Imbucarc

7. Imblnare in coada de rindunlcll O. ImbLnarc In V

3. Various sections of sheet plies

4. Z section

5. Larsen section

c. Timber sheet -[Jiles

1. Single lap

2. Double lnp

3. Tongue and groovc joint

4. Separate tongue

5. Triple lap

6. Interlocking joint

7. Dovetail joint 8 ... V" joint

Fig. 105.

Driving. slnlciuq by injection and pllc-drlvers

Baterea, infigerea prin jet de apR ~i cu sonete .

a. Cablu de rldicat berbecul

b. Berb ec (de bMut 1'110\1)

a. Draw line

b. Pile hammer; monkr-v

578

)

579

2

a

"

~\ i , '-'

a. Ringing engine, hand pile driver, Rope-operated pile frame

1. Trip line (It'lpping rope)

2. Nipper line

3. Adjustable trip (tripper)

4. Nlppers

5. Drop hammer

6. Fall, drop

7. Frame leader; guide poles C. Ring

9. Pile

b. Water injection

10. Waler line from pump

11. Hammer res Ling on pile

12. Pile

13. Jel pipe

14. Flexible water-hose

Fig. lOG.

a. Soncta cu cablu tras de mini

1. Cablu de manevrare

2. Cablu de eomandA

3. Decllc, deelansator

4. CJe~le de ghidare R berbccutul

5. Berbee cu cAdere lIber{\

6. InAlllme de eAdere

7. Cadru de ghldnj

8. Cere, Ine1 de pilot

9. Pilot

b. Injectare cu apA

10. Tenvll de all.mentare de In

pompA

t t. Horbec rezemat pe pilot

12. Pilot

13. TeavA de ejector (tance)

14. Furtun fiexlbll de apA

580

0-

11_ ,

13

12·-

··.r:.T.-.·.··.

b

. . ,1 ,I~'

; I

, , . ,

ri ':

~~:~~:;~

I.

......." .'

_.

a. Pneumatic digger/spade

1. Handgrlp

2. Body

3. Shank

4. Air hose connection

5. Spade

6. Throttle valve handle

b. Pneumatic drill

1. Handle

2. Body

3. Throttle varve handle

4. All' hose connection

5. Drlll rod

6. Drill bit

c. Pneumatle concrete vibrator

1. All' hose connection

2. Rolling throttle

3. Flexible hose handle

4. Vibrator head

d. Mud jack (grouth pump) I. Hopper

2. Feed

3. Mud fill grout

4. Tow bar

e. Pneumatic tools

1. Tamping pad

2. Cleaning up chisel

3. Ripper chisel

4. Double blade split chisel

5. Surface cross chlscl

6. Machine chisel

7. Channeling tool

8. Tooth chisel or bumper

9. Oape chisel

10. carvers drill

11. Plug drill bit

12. Bush cb isel

r. Hand tools

1. Pounder

2. Ax: (axe) or pean uamrner

3. Hand hummer

4. Wood mallct

5. Pick

6. Hawk; mortar board+

7. Buttering trowel

8. Pointing trowel

9. Laying trowct : brtck trowel

10. Sleel trowel I floal·

11. Laying trowct j f1o~,I·

Chisel

12. Pitching chisel

13. Tooth chisel

14. Chisel edgc

15. Splilting chisel

16. Side point chisel

17. Grooving point chiscl In. Point chisel

~. Lewis.

h. Grab hooks. Nippers

Fig. 107.

a. Lopata pneumatiea

1. Miner

2. Corpul

3. Coada cazmalel

4. Racordul furtunulul de aer

5. Cazma; hlrle~

6. Mlnerul clapetel de admlsle

b. Perforator pneumatic

1. Miner

2. Corp

3. Mlnerul clapetel de admlsle

4. Racordul rurtunutui

5. BarA de forat

6. CoroanA de perforator

c. Vibrator pneumatic

pentru beton

I. nacordut !urtunulul

2. vnna de admlsle cu miner rotauv

3. Minerul turtunutut flexibil

4. Capul vtbrntorurut

d. Injector pentru noroi 1. Pllnle

1. Attmentare

3. Umplere cu norol (Innamolire) ~. BarA de remorcare

e. Uneltc pneumaticc

1. Mal de compacta!

2. Daltlt de curAtat

3. RangA de scarl!lcat

4. DnllA splntccatA cu doull tlll~url

5. DallA cu tllll; In cruce

6. DallA mccanlcA

7. Unealtll de tAlat santurt

8. DRnA dlntatA

9. DaitA latll

10. Sfredcl de ctzclnt

II. Coroana de bAlut eepurl 12. DnitA de buclnrdat

f. UncItc de mini

1. ctocan de spart plntra

2. Clocan cu vIr! ascutu

3. narcs

4. Cloean dc lemn

5. Cloean cu doull vtrrurt

6. Mahala de mortar

7. Mlstrle de netezlt

8. Mlstrle l1;paelu pentru rostull

9. Mlstrlc

10. Mlstrle de ojet

11. Mlstrle

Dl\ltl

12. Buclarda

:?:', . 13. DaltA cu dlntl ;;':" 14. DallA ascutltA

r' 15. DaltA pentru des pleat

, 16. DallA cu vir! exeentrle

',~ 17. Dallil pentru falturl

: ..... 18. DaitA cu vlrf

g. Bulon dc aneoraj

h. Clc~tl dc prins blocurl

f>R2

0 ..

5~8~3 , .

..... _W'€ =..-=-===.,

N_--'~

+ ~. ,,' '~', }\"(-;Y;O';"

" ,~

c;....', I .

': ". "

- '.''['LI ~.,~

.u~

:a_~·~..: :::.- rJ ~J.

1

'" ' ,-,

Masonry tools

Fig. 108.

Scule pentru zldirle

a. Spalllng hammer

b. Bushllammer; grnnulatlng hammer

c. Paver's dressing hammer

d. Gauge saw (for marble)

e Mason', saw

n, Cloean de spart platrA

b. BuelardA

c. Cloean de pavator (pentru nlvelat) d, FerAstrAu de ajustat (pentru plAcl

de marmurA)

c. DaitA dln\atA

~1l4

585

..0

I!

-''''

586

Clamshell dredge (grab dredger")

1. Clamshcll bucket; grab bucket=

2. Boom; jib·

3. "A" frame

4. Operator's house

5. Opcrating machinery house

6. Forward spud anchor

7. Whirley track: turntable-

8. Swing cablc

9. Hoisting cablc

10. Closing cable

11. Boom rest (Jib rest)

12. Boom holst cable

Hydraulic pipe-line dredge or suction dredger with pipe-line discharge

1. Revolving cutter

2. Cutter ladder frame

3. Boom, Jib'

4. -A" frame

5. Suction pipe

6. Dlcharge plpe

7. Pontoon

O. Working I pivot spud

9. Control house

10. Spud lifting eablc

11. Spud lifting frame

12. Floating discharge pipe-line

13. Swinging cable sheave

Drill boat

1. Spud anchor

2. Deck winch

3. Drill frame

4. Sand pipe

5. Drill rod

6. Submarine drill drifter

7. Spud anchor well (guide)

Fig. 109.

Dragii. cu gl1aifar

1. Cupa graiferului

2. Brat (sllgeata)

3. Cadru In form II dc "A"

4. Cabina operatorulul

5. Casa masmttor

6. PlIot de ancora] pentru avansarc '1. Pupitru de rotatte

8. Cablu de Intoarcere

9. Cablu dc rldlcare

10. Cablu de Inchlderc

11. Reazcmul sligetIJ

12. Cablu dc rldlcare a sllgc\!!

Fig. 110.

Draga aspiratoare rcrulant~

1. Frczli rotauva

2. Elindd port-!rczd

3. Silgeata de sustlnere a ellndcl -t. Cadru tn "Au

5. conducta de nsptratle

6. Conductll de rcrutare

7. Ponton pluUtor

O. PI·lot de paptona]

9. Cablnll de cornanda

10. Cablu de rldlcare a pllolulul de paptona]

11. Cadru de rldlcare a pllotulul de pnplonn]

12. Conduetil de refulnre ptuutoare

13. Scripctclc cablului de pendulare II rrezet

Fig. 111.

~alal1d~ de Coral

1. Pilot de ancoraj

2. TroUu de punte

3. Turla aparat ulul de forat

4. Tenvil de tubaj

5. Pn'ljlnA de forezA

6. Meeanlsm de curatlre a forajulul sub apa

7. Golul dc trceere a pllotulul

0·-·

! I. j ..

I

1

a, Breast abutment

1. Bridge scat

2. Siupe line

3. Breast wall; retaining wall"

4. Neat line

5. Spread looting; toc fooling basco

6. Back wall

b. ,,'1'" abutment

I. Brldgc scat

2. Slope line

3. Breast wall; retaining wall"

4. Neat line

5. Spread fooling; toe foaling base"

6. Coping

7. Stem

c. Abutment pier

1. Bridge seat

2. Back wall

3. Spread fooling

4. Body

d. Buried abutment

1. Bridge seat

2. Slope line

3. Transverse slab I beam"

4. Spread footing

5. Bearing piles

Fixed Weirs

Longitudinal secllon (through dam) on the center line at the river

1. Fixed I solid weir

2. Upstream

3. Downstream

4. Water surface supposing the weir was removed

5. Curve of backWater AS

6. Local swelling of water over crest

of weir

7. Bank

8. River bed

9. Deposits

10. Eddy with horizontal axts

11. Scouring; erosion of the bed

12. Nappe

13. Standing wave

H. Small floodbank protecting riparian lands

Fig. 112

a, Culee lArA aripi intoarse

I. SupraIata de sprljtn a podulul

2. Linin tntuzutut

3. Zid de sprljln

4. k'nta supcrtoara a Iundatlel

5. Talpa Iundajtel

6. Zid de gardll

b. Culee in ,,'1'"

1. Suprara\a de ~pl'lJln a podulul

2. Llnla taluzulul 8. Zid de sprijln

4. Fala superloara a !undallel

5. Talpa 1undall'el

6. Coronament

7. Corpul mljlochl at culell

C. Pila-culee

1. Supl'a!ala de sprljln a podulut

2. Zid de gal·tlil

3. Talpa fundallel

4. Corpul

d. Culee ingropatll.

1. Suprafnla de sprljln a podulut

2. Linin taluzulul

3. Grind" transversal A

4. Talpa fundatlel

5. PilOl1 portari]!

Fig. 113.

Barajc fixe

Secllune longltudlnalil prln linin dc centru a rlulul

I. Baraj fix I plln

2. Amonte

3. Aval

4. Suprafa\a ape! prcsupunlnd bara[ul su.prlmat

5. Curba de remuu A-D

6. Umflarea localA a apel deasupra

bnrajulul

7. Mal de rtu

8. Albia riulul

9. Depunerl (de atuvlunl)

10. Vlrtej eu ax orlzontal

11. Afulere (eroztune de fund)

12. LamA deversantA

13. Val stallonar

14. Dlgule] de protectle a terenurllor rlverane

b

d

,.-.._)

-_

Various types of fixed weirs

1. Fixed I solid masonry weir

2. }o"lxed concrete won-

3. Slab rounuatton

4. Rock filling to downstream floor

5. Stilling basin

6. Water cushion

7. Upstream water line

U. Downstream water line

9. Downstream vertical face (of dam)

10. Upstream stepped face (of dam)

11. Masonry downstream floor I apron

12. Cut of! wall; toe wall

13. Solid deposit

H. Upstream minimum water lcvel

15. Downstream minimum water level

16. Ogee shaped downstream face

17. Rock filling

18. Plies

19. Wallngs

20. Battered upstream face

21. Curved downstream race

22. Dr essed stone facing

23. Projecting stones

24. Reinforced concrete slab

Fig.-1H.

DiCerite tipuri de baraje fixe

1. Baraj fix I plln de zldilrle

2. Uaraj fix de beton

3. Talpa fundallel

4. Risberml\ din anrocarnento

5. Bazln de Itntsttre

6. Saltea de ap;l

7. Nlvelul bterulut amonte U. Nlvelul bterurut aval

9. Parament aval vertical

10. Parament amonte In trepte

11. Rlsbermll din zldllrie

12. Zid de etansare

13. Depozlt de nluvlunl

14. Etiajul din amonte

15. Etlajul din aval

16. Pararnent oval In duslnA

17. Anrocamente IU. Plloll

19. Moaze

20. Parament amonte Inollnat

21. Parament nval curb

22. Placaj (imbrAcAminte din platrll de tatte)

23. Moloane de platrA sconse In proemtnenta

24. Dala de beton nrrnnt

590

591

II,

~.

"

C" I

,_,

Gravity dam

1. Drainage tubes

2. Watertight diaphragm

3. Dr~:;)!ng boreholes

4. Fill

5. External protective layer

Fig. 115.

Baraj de greutate (barajul Izvorul Muntelul - Bicaz)

1. Tuburl de drenaj

2. Voal de etaru;are

3. Foraje de drena]

4. UmpluturA ' ..

5. Strat exterior de proreejle

592

593

33 - tneuonar Itustrat de constructtl engtcz-roman

4i.c.

r

Arch dam

Fig. 116.

Bnra] arcuit (barajul Vliliug Resita)

a. Top view

b. Axe crown profile

c. Transversal section

1. Stone masonry

2. Draining tube ~. Drnln tube

4. Plaster face

5. Concrcte

6. Tampered clay

7. Intake

O. Dottom ou tlct 9. ]o'lil

a. Vedere In plan

b. Prom prln axul de coronament

c. Scellunc trnnsversata

I. Zldiirle de platra eu mortar

2. Tub de drenaj

3. Tub eolcctor

1. Sapf. de mortar

5. Delon

6. i\l'giHI compactatA

7. Prlza

O. Gollrc de fund 9. Urnpluturfi

594

38·

r

r-,'

596

Buttress dam

Fig. 117.

BaraJ eu contrafor]! (barajul Poiana Uzului)

a. Top view

b. Cnractcrlstic sections

1. Upstream head

2. Downstream knob

3. Headwater pipe

4. Hydroelectric plant

5. Spillway

6. Energy d tsstpator

7. Pier block

8. FLrst phase dam level

9. Flll

10. Drainage tunnel

a. Vcdere In plan

b. secjtunt carnelcrlstlce

1. Cap amonte

2. BUlon aval

3. Aductlune

4. Central a hklroclectrlc'\

5. Dcvcrsor

G. Dislpator de energle

7. Plot culee

8. Llmlta prtrnutul eta]

9. Umplttluri!.

10. Galerie de drenaj

,j

------------------

(1 __

597

~~
.:t-
<l!
1:'.
:J
4,"":)_
tl
Q)
<t:>
'7
..... ,
'"
t:
'"
~.
u
."
(..~
I',','
~
,.'
.,
t:
.~
.. ,.
<>
e-,
tc) s:

Fixed weir; fixed spillweir

1. Water surrace

2. concrete ('ao

3. upstream apron

4. Row of piles

5. Sheet pile cut-off

6. Masonry facing

7. Wclr mass R. Key

9. Projecting stone

10. Apron

11. Concrete footing

12. Back nu

Fir. 119.

Baraj devcrsor fix

1. Suprafata apel

2. ooronumcnt de beton J. Avanradlcr

4. ~Ir de pilotl

5. Eeran de patplanse

6. Parament zldlt eu platcli

7. Corpul deven;orulul fl. Plnten

9. PlatrA nroemlnenta (dtnte)

10. Risberm!!

II. Fund"'lle de bcton 12. Anrocarnente

I".

I

i

J

••

o

r--------------------------------------- __ ~~ _=~ .~.~-----

Ti
J 0-
GOO '.;1 50l
,Jl'
.. ,
:j'
,~
':.
'.'
,
\.
J; Earth dam

1. ,J'crvlou,s son

2. ~mperVl(ius soil

J. Non' coneslve snll; gl'anular 6011 ~. pe:fvio,u;' tilon.!<.et /Ii(ass'

5. ImperVious o<'ire

G. nerm" "

7. C;,ut off trench

D. Crow'"

D. D"~h1as'e well 111. P\'I"

n. GuLLeT 1I11e; <.IUd,' l~. CoU",,\or rlit;ch

I~. Sheet pJlill!l'

14. IITI'pervlo,us bl;i111(,~L

15. 'SNx.llng 111f!;' lur! revcuuents 1~. Top soU, ,

H. Sccp-,proQI screen: wat<':r b'nnler'

Fill. 1211.

BarnJ de pimint

I. Term;l p,ennc,abll

'2. Teren lin~'erm~Rbli 3. 'I'e!'en pulverulent' 1. Mil~l_v 'permanbU

~, S,Imbure Jmperl'neat,lI G,. Rlsoci'mll ' ,. Plnten

A. CrM~tll; coronnment u. Pu t d~ droriaJ

lQ. CW;tC,ti'>

! I. JlIJl'illiI

! 2. C:i.\nl cnlco:ilor

I J. r'eruea de palp'l An~c I~. M(lstn lmpernieabllil

15. Imbn{c:'lmlnt(i cugo\r.on l~. Pi'lmlrit ,vegetal

11. Itcr:.. n ,d o clfUl~a,re

........................ ~~~----------------------~~--------------------------~-----'.

.1

,

,

. ..

{ ..

, . .

:. "r.J'

-,

_____ . ~6~02

Barrage I dam with frames and needles

a. General view

1. Floor; foundation

2. Cut off

a. (king) pile

4. Sheet pile (sheeting)

5. Walings

6. sm

7. Pier

O. Recess lor hnuslng end frames

9. St(·p~

10. Siab

11. Needles

12. Gangway. walkway

13. Frames raised (raising or clostng)

14. Fl'nnt!'s lowered (Lowering. opening or ctcartng)

IS. Sockets

IG. smnn chnln

b. Detail of a frame

1. Frame

2. Spindle or heel post of the frame

3. Upstrea 111 socket

4. Downstr-eam socket 5, Nqcdlcs

H. Stop

'I. Sill

R. SIIPP(1rlil!C! h:lI'

P. Ganl!Wny; wutkwuv

10. Connecttng I assembling btl!"

11. Floor; f01.lndntlon

12. Fail! height (of water) retnlne d :

Ilene!

13. Dlngounl member-

Fig. 121.

Baraj cu fermeti 111 ace

a. Ansamblu

1. Radier

2. Vatl'a

3. Pilot

4. Paiplan~A

5. Moaze

6. Prag

7. Pit"

O. Camera de depozltare a rcrmott-

lor cuicau

9. SeaI'll

10. DalA

11. Ace

12. Pasarelll

13. Ferrnetl rrdlca]! (rldlcare sau inehldere)

t4. Fcrmell culcatt (eoborlre sau desehldere)

15. Manson ; crapodtna JG. r,lInll~or

b. Detaliui unul Cermet

1. Fermet

2. Axul Inferior al fermetulul

3. Crnpo(iinil amonte

4. Crapodlnil Rv::\1 s. Ace

G. Hea~clll 7. Prng

n, !Inri', e!e rczomnrn

9. Pasareii1

10. Daril de asamblare

11. Radler

12. Inill\ime de eildere a apet

13. Bar:i dingonalll

, -.

603

5

-- ---r

, •

a. Bear trap barrage/dam

1. Upstream, upper lcaf

2. Downstream ,lower leaf

3. Roller

4. Culvert, permitting the establishment of a variable pressure

b. Bear trap barrage/dam, Parker system

c. Bear trap barrage/dam, Lang system

1. Downstream floor with steps

d. Bear trap barrage/dam, Huber and Lutz system

1. Cut offs

2. (king) plies

3. Sheet piles (sheeting, sheet piling)

4. Wallngs

5. Main floor, foundation

6. Pitching; paving

7. Downstream floor

Barrage/dam bridge

with

overhead

Fig. 122.

a, Bara] in forml de aeoperl~

1. Arlpa amonte

2. Arlpa aval

3. Rulou

4. Rigoli!. ce permlte stabllirea unel

preslunl varia bile

b. Baraj in forml de acoperi~, sis tern Parker

c. Baraj in (orml de acoperls, sis tern Lang

1. Risbermi!. cu trepte

d. Baraj in forml de aeoperir,l, sis tern Huber ~i Lutz

1. Valrfl

2. PlioU

3. Palplan~e

4. Moaze

5. Radler general

6. Pereu

7. Rlsbermi!.

Fig. 123.

Baraj eu IJod superior de servlciu

Val'lanti!. cu cadre rabatablle In avat

Vedere gcnerala

1. Stavile din tolA ambutlsatll

2. Montant

3. Troliu de manevrare

4. Serlpele de fntoarcere

5. Lan] de manevrare

6. Lnn] I barfl de rldleare

7. Dispozltlv de flxllre

60·1

n

605

Modified form with frame opening downstream

General view

1. Shutters of prcssed steel plates

2. Upright

3. Working winch

4. Return block

5. Working chain

6. Lifting chain, rod

7. Locktng gear

d

____ -2

r

-6

Single loc1t

a. Plan

b. Longitudinal section

i. I:;ntrance (upper ur iowcrj

2. Gate cnambcr

3. uate recess

4. Lock guies

5. Poin ting sill 0. ),'orebay

7. Chamber

8. Wing walls

U. Hollow quoin

10. Grooves for stop planks of cofferdam or stop log recess

11. Floor of gate chamber

12. Cut off trench; sheet pile cut oH

wall

13. Water level of upper pond

14. Water level or lower pond

15. Upstream apron

16. Downstream apron

17. ),'1001' of chamber

18. Coping

19. Guard wall (back stu)

20. Depressed floor ot gate chamber

21. Working length

22. Mooring ring

23. Sill

~4. Steps 25. Ladder

2G. Lower round head (leaving wall)

27. Upper round head (guiding Wall)

28. Rise; 11ft

29. Foot block (for vertical beams of cofferdam)

30. Pitching: stone paving

31. Plertrend ; rounded corner

Fig. 124.

Eelnza en sas simplu

a. Plan

b. sccttune Jongltudfnalti

1. Intrare (amonte sau avut)

2. Camera portuor

3. NI" a a porttt

4. P01'\lIe ecluzel

5. Busc

G. Zid de clldere

7. Sas de ectuza

8. Zidurl truoarse

9. NI,,1i. rotunjltll

1U. NI~e pentru grlnzlle batnrdoulul

11. Radlerul camerel portuor

12. Pin len I perote de palplunse

13. Nlvelul apet din bleful amonte

14. Nlvelul apel din bleful aval

15. nadterut capulul amonle

16. Radlerul cnpulut aval

17. Radlcrul snsulut

18. Coronament

19. Zid de garclil

20. Rndler dcnlvelat al camerel por-

\1101'

21. Lungime ulllil

22. Organon

23. Prag 2·1. 'I'repte

25. Scarll

26. Dajonerul capulu] aval 21. Zid de gh lda]

28. Inul\lmea de clldere

29. Bloc de pararnunt (pentru grtnztte vertlcale ale batardoulul)

30. Percu; pnvnj de pialI'd

31. Colt rotunjtt ; musoar

606

607

- ---~ ro ~J

\_..!

Groundwater and its development

1. Surface water divide

2. Groundwater divide

3. Catchment or intake area

4. Perched water table

5. Spring

6. DI'Y zone

7. Dug well

U. Driven well

9. Artesian well

10. Ground water table

11. Confined ground water

12. Free ground water

13. Impervious stratum H. Spring

15. Artezlan spring

16. Drilled well

17. Spring

18. Stream

19. Pumping statton

20. Charging basin

21. Water table

22. Infiltration gallery

23. Bed rock

Fig. 125.

Apa subterana ~i amenajarea ei

1. Cumpilna apelor de suprafal';

2. Cump,ina apelor sublernne

3. Aria de cnptare

4: PinzA de ap1\ suspenelnlll 5. Izvor

u, Zonll uS~liI

7. Put de apA obtsnult

8. Pu~ ablslnlan

9. Put artezlan

10. Suprafata ptnzet frcatlee

11. Api! freaticl\ cu nlvel libel' Pl'lnsa

lntre doud strate Impermcabile

12. Api\ subtcranll IIbcril

13. Strat Impcrmeabll H. Izvor

15. Izvor artczlan

16. Put forat

17. Izvor IR. Riu

19. Static de pompare

20. Bazln de incArcare

21. Suprafata pl",:cl de apA suhter/mil

22. Galerle de Infiltratle

23. Roed de bazd

• f I "itt n'( __ ! n rIO 1 tp

600

G09

"

0-·

t ~ ICfU cing;.-l[!Z~.J'nnl,flll. 39 ~ Dlcp.onar Jl u .• lral tI C "'eI' ,,. " .•

Fig. 126.

Rural water supply and waste water dlspnsul

1. Water supply pumped from driven

well

2. Well

3. Pump

4. SoU

5. ltubblsh burnt

6. Cesspool

7. Garbage burled

Appreciable danger or polluting well

Urban water supply antl waste water disposal

1. Hydrant

2. Garbage collected

3. Water main

4. Scrvlce pipe

5. House sewer

6. Septic tank (mel subsurface Irrtgntlon

7. Rubbish burnt

a, No danger of polluting water

Alimcntal'ca cu apa ~i evacuarea apclor uzatc ruralc

1. Allmentare cu api1 pompntll din

pu~ rorat

2. Pu~ (forat)

3. Pompa

4. Sol

5. Gunoi ars U. Hnzrtn

7. Guno:lie rncnajere

Perlcol apreelabll de po!uare a puturuor

Fig. 127.

Alimentarea cu apa ~i cvacuarca apelor uzate urbana

1. Hldrant

2. Gunol menajer co!ectat

3. Conductll prlnclpa!A de apA

4. Conductll de servtclu

5. Canalul (canallzarea) easet

6. Fos(, septlc~ ~I Irlga\le subternnn

7. Gunol ars

II. Nu este nerlcot de pnluare a npet

.-----.-~ - ...

0-

611

3D·

_________ _. __ N __ •• ·_·_··_· __ ••

61'2

........ _jL-----------------------------~--~~.~.,.~ .. ~~. ==::~ __

a, Flllration planl including coagulation, seHllng. chlorInation, corrosIon control and pure water stornge

1. From surface-water supply

2. Mixing basin (dlstrlbutcs chemical

through water)

3. Chemical storage and feeding

4. Feeder

5. Floculaling basin

6. seuung basm

7. To fillers

8. Coagulated water

9. Rapid sand filters

10. Drain

11. Wash water

12. Pure water

13. From filters

H. Chlorination for destruction of harmful! organisms. lime or other chemicals added for control of corroston

15. Pure water basin

16. Gate house

17. To city

b. Deferrlzatlon plant Including aernlion. contact treatment, filtration and pure writer storage

1. From ground-waler supply

2. Coke trtclclcr or contact bed (soluble Iron oxidized to form Insoluble floc)

3. Aerator enables water to talce up oxygen from the atmosphere and to discharge CO, and I-I,S from solution

4. Reaction I settling basin to permit iron !locs to form and possibly settle

5. Slow sand filters G. Pure-water basin

7. Gnte house

8. To city

Fig. 128.

a. Instala~le de CIItrare Incluzind traturcn apel cu coagulant, decantnrca, elortzarea, combatcrca corozruntl ~I depozltarea apel curntc

1. De In att.uentarea cu apa dc suprarata

2. tsaztn de amestec (dlstrlbule sub-

stantole chlmlce In upa)

3. Depozlt ~I allmcntarc cu reacllvl

4. Allmcntator

5. uaztn de rtocutare u, Baz ln de decantare

7. Spre fIItre

8. ApA ~ratatj\ cu coagulant

9. FlILre raplde de nlslp

10. Ganal

11. Apa de spatat (rturut)

12. ApA curata I~. De la mtre

B. Clorlzarc penlru dlstrullcrca orgnnlsmelor noctve, var sau auo cnlmtcale adAugate pentru combatcrCA corozlunll

15. Rezervor de apll curatll IG. Carn ern vanelor

17. Spre orns

b. tnstatatte de deferlzare, Inctuztno acrnren, u-atarca de contact, flltrnrea ~I depoxttarea npnl curnte

1. Dc In all menta rea cu api. subtcrnnn

2. Plcur.Hor de coes snu flltru de contact. (Flerul solubll este oxtdut ca sll rorrnexe floeonne Insotubttc)

3. Aerator (face cn apa s.' In oxtncn din lltmosforA ~I sll ellbcreze : din soiuttc CO, $1 1-1,5)

~. n<lzln de reactte I de decant.nrc, care pcrmne sA se formeze ~I eventual sll se depunA nocoancte

r.. Flltre lentc de ntslp

6. Re7.ervor de npil curatll

7. Cnmera vnnelor

8. Spre oras

613

r,

.x, ;._
.0
r •
i' ro
__ 0 ..
e-,
~, I t
Ii :t .....
Ii I, ~
I '.J \1 it'
or..


-,
'" ------..,...---_.--

614

Profil al unci aduojlunl

1. Baraj

2. Canal eAplWjlt

3. Camera vnnetor

4. Prestune stnt1ell

5. conducta de apA fortatA

6. Panla hldrauJle!\

7. Conductll de apll cu nlvel libel'

8. Putur! de lueru

D. Gnlerle de np!\ cu nlvel IIber 10. Put de cohorlre a eonduetel II. Galerle fortatll

12. Put de urcare a eonductel

13. SIIonul conduetcl

14. Hezervor de dl~trllJUtle I de servlelu

15. Coriducte din Icvl (metaltce) tn, Orns

Seejlun! transversale tlplce ale unei aduc(.iunl .

2. Canal cr.ptu~lt

5. Conductll forlatll de beton arrnnt

7. ConductA cu nlvel IIber In sllpi\-

turll $1 rambtcu

D. Gnlcl'lc cu nlvel IIber II. Galerl e fortlltA

13. Stron (Inver's) de eonductil de ole I 15. Conduct" din levi (mctallcil)

615. _

·1 0:
I
I '!:
I
I
I
l~jg. 12!l. ,
, Profile of a water-supply conduit

1. Dam

2. Lined canal

3. Gate house

4. Static pressure

5. Pressure aqueduct

6. Hydraulic gradient

7. Grade aqueduct

R. Construction shafts

9. Grade tunnel

10. Down shaft

11. Pressure tunnel

12. Up shaft

13. Pipe siphon

14. Distribution I service reservoir

15. Pipe lines

16. City

Typical cross-sections or a water supply conduit

2. Lined canal

5. netntorced concrete pressure

aqueduct

7. Cut- and cover gradc aqueduct 9. Grade tunnel

1 L Pressure tunnel n. Steel plpc siphon 15. Pipe lin ..

!

II ~~-------------- .. ------_.-- .. ---.------~~~----_.----~_:.~_~.7.., __ ::, :,:.:,:.:'::.:.: .. :::::':.:.::;; ...

a

.

" '1.. ...

.

________________________________________________ ~616

Pit [or an electric pump

1. Drop pipe

2. Casing

3. Cement down at least 10 ft (=3 m)

4. Drain to surface or soakaway

5. Seal here

6. Metal casing eap

7. Footing for pump jack if used

8. Supply pipe

9. Size of manhole and plt suited to equipment Installed

Fig. 130.

Camin de 11Ut pentru 0 pompa e:ectrica

1. Conducti\ clr. asplrnj le

2. Colo anA dc tuba]

3. Clmcnt (tu rnnt) pe ad!nclmc de mlnlrnum 3 III

4. Cannl spre suprafa\A sau in strat

absorbant

5. Etan~re

6. Casca metalica

7. F'undntte (postamcnt) pentru bulansterut pornpel dacll t rcbule

8. ConcluctA de altmenlare

9. MArlmca Ilurll de Intrarc $1 a carnlnulut ndaptate dupA echtparnentul Instntat

617

0-

________________________________________________ 61R

r>.

""

Trickling filtcr including commtuutton, plain sedimentation, contact treatment, final settling and digestion and drying of sludge

1. Shreds, coarse matler

2. Comminuter

3. Sludge pumped to digesters

-I. Primary settling tank

5. Settlln~ solids removed nu-chnnt-

catv by scrapers on endless chain.

6. Dosing tank

7. Regulates flow onto filter

8. TrlcJ;:ling filter

9. notating arm dtstrtbutcs settled sewage over contact mutcrtal

10. Secondary settling tank ; Effluent to stream

11. Removes humus trorn filter effluent, sludge plowed to center and drawn off.

12. Sludge

13. Sludge-digestion tank

14. Floaling cover 1~. Gas

16. Digests sludge frum both scunnrr tnnks; supernatant Is sent back Into plant

17. Glass-covered sludge-drying br-d

18. Sand

19. Dries dlgf!,led sludge under glass cover; dried sludge Is used as soli builder or for fill

l'ig, 131.

Biofiltru incluzind farimitarea, decantarea simpla, tratarea de contact, decantarea fin alii l;Ii Iermcntarea !;Ii uscarea namolului

1. Cirpe, material grosler

2. Toe!ltor, comlnutor

3. N!lmol pornpat In rezervoarete de termentare

4. Decantor primal'

5. Sedlmente sollde evacuate mccnnlc

cu raclott pe lant 1!1rl1 fine

6. Bazln de dozare •

7. Heglea7.ii scurgerca spre flltre n. Flltru biologic

U. tsrnjut rotnuv dlstrlbule npn u1.nlfl decnntatll peste umpluturn de contact

10. Decantor secundar Evaeuenz!l apa u7.atii In rlu

11. EIImlnll numusut din apa uzatil a fIltrullll, norotut este antrenat spre eentru $1 evaeuat

12. Nllmol

13. Hezervor de (crmentarc a namo-

iutut

14. Capac pluUtor

15. Gaz

16. Nilmollli de tcrrnentnrc suprnnntnrit din ambnle deeantoarn estc retr irnls In tnstatntte

17. Plnt!orm1l de uscare II nilmolulul acopcrua eu geam

In. Nlslp

19. Nllmolul fermentat dcshldrnlnt

sub acoperis de geam; n1lmolul lI"rAt o 1010slt ca Ingrl\$l\mtnt de sol snu pentru umpluturl.

<;_.

610

•

!

"'\

Fig. 132.

Water Sttllply Irom driven well

Alimentare cu ap3 din pu] ablsinian

1. Forma\lc acvtrera

2. Roea de bazA

3. Rod ftsuratA sau fragllA 1. Cllilldru

5. l'npue de rora] din otet lorjnbll

6. Sol

7. trmplutura de ar!tll'\ O. Mortar de ctment

D. Drenaj tubular

10. SupraCnln tercnutul nnlurnl It. Pletrls

12. Gratar

I~. Capac Inchls

H. Pompa de rctutar e

I. Walcr-bearing tor.nuuon 2. Bed reel,

::. Fissured or unsound rock ~. Cylinder

5. wrought-stcct drive-shoe u. Soil

7. rtn clay

R. Cement grout D. Pipe drain

JO. N·,tllrnt ground sllr~'\cc II. Gravel

12. Serecn

13. Closed lop

14. Force pump

620

621

\

L

i

I

I

I

I,

I

•

..----------------------- ..... -.~--- ... _. __ ._ .. __ ... _--_ .. _---

622

Watcr supply from Sl)ring

1. Impervious stratum

2. Water-bearing sand or gravel

3. Screen

4. Valve

5. Supply line to storage

6. Drain

7. ttock drnln 1I.0veriiow

9. Valve stern

10. Removable cover

11. Dr alnage diversion ditch

Servicc pipc, fittings and accesorles

1. street main

2. Corporation cock or slop

3. Goose neck

4. Service pipe

5. Curb coek or stop r.. Caulked pipe sleeve

7. Stop and waste cock

8. Valve

9. Meter

10. Union

11. Testing tee

12. Cheek valve

13. Drip valve

14. Hose end

15. Supply tc !Juilding

16. ilasement .floor

17. Foundation wall

18. Service or curb box 1\1. Street

20. Frost depth

Fig. 133.

Alhncntarc en ap1i dill Izvor

1. Strat lmpermeabll .

2. Nlslp sau ptetrls acvtter

3. GriHar (slta)

4. Roblnet

5. oonnucta de aducttune la rezervor G. Cannl

7. Drcn de plnlrll

U. Dcvcrsor de preapll n

9. Tlja vanel

10. Capac demontabll

11. Srmt de garda

Fig. 134.

Bransament, ritinguri :;;1 aeecsoril

I. Conducta pr lnclpala a strll.zll

2. Boblnet de concesle

3. Raeord In formll de S

4. Condueta de bransament

5. Roblnet de eoneesle

6. Man~on sternun de trecore

7. Roblnet de oprlrc ~I de collrc n. Vana

9. J\pomctru

10. Plc.1I de legllturil

11. Teu de probe

12. Cia pet de retlnere

13. Roblnet de ptcuratur] H. Cap de furtun

15. Allmentaren eladlrll

16. Pardosealn subsolutul

17. Zid de tundatle

In. cuue de ro!Jlnet de eonccsle

19. Strada

20. Adtnctmea de tnghet, 11m Ita de Inghc~

623

'8

~, J

Rapid filters and accesory equipment

1. Filter tank

2. {"ilter floor

3. Cast iron manifold

4. Perforated In(crnls

5. Graded grnvet G. Filter sand

7. Wash troughs 3. Drain

9. Effluent to clear well

10. Influent to filters

II. Pressure lines to hydraulic valves from operating tables

12. Concrete filter tnnk

13. Filter bed washwater troughs

14. Wash line

I:;. Filter to wa,!c in. Filler drnln

17. Pj po gallery flnol' III. Operating floor

19. Operru lng table

!O. Rale of flow and 1"'5 of head gages

l~ig. 135.

Filtre rapide ~i ecitipament aocesoriu

1. Cttvn de flilru

2. F'undut filtl'ulul

3. Coleelor din fontil

4. Del'lvalll de tcava cu g,lurl

5. Pletrfs caltbrnt r.. Nlslp de flltrll

7 .• Tgheabul'l de spill are II. Carral

9. Scurge"e spr e rezervoru] de apr,

10. Intrarea apet Ia fIItre

11. Conductn de preslune spre vanele hidraullee de Ia pupltrut de ('0- manna

12. nnzlnlll (cuvri) (Ie belon nl fllt1'ulul

13. Jgheaburll~ pentru apa de sp:'llnrr:

a natutut flltrulu1

1-1. Conduetn de spi\lnre I;'. l':vacuan'n din flltru tn. D1'('nnjul flltrulu1

1'/. Plllpoelll gntcrtct riC' conduct" In. Platrormn de comandA

in. IVlnRll de comnnda

20. Vlteza de curgero !;l plerderca ,T,' pre~illnc

624

625

Q-_._-_._

".- ~ .. ~--~-.....,........:-.---

40 - DIctIonal' lIustrat de constructn engtez-roman

r--. ,

I

Duildlng drainage svstcm

1. Building sower

2. Building drain

3. Primary branch

4. Clean out

5. Valve

6. Check

7. DIscharge n. Sump

9. Floor drain

10. Bulldlnrr subdrntn

11. Dual (unit) vent

12. Continuous waste n nrl vcnt

1~, 26. Soli stack

14. Dry vent

15. Yoke vent rn, Braneh vent

17. 1':lI.her nrr:ms:emenl. In. Group vent

10. !=lldc vent

20. Fixture dratn

21. Circuit vent

22. Rf'lIef vont 2~. Wet vent

24. Boel{ vent "5. Branch vent

27. Horizon!.:]1 branch 2n, at. Vent stnd{s

29. Indirect waste

~ry. Loop vent

~2. Lender

:t:l. ll()l1f d rnl

~4. Connect tn "tade vcn+ :n. Eit.her nr ru ng orn on],

~(j. nn~pnlcn~

~7. 8ul!din!" wall ~". First flnnr

~Q. S"rond flnnr ~O. Third floor 41. Ronf

Accelator

1. Row water Inlet

2. Primary mixing chamber

3. Vane mixing gear

·1. Sccorrda rv mixing charnbor

5. Suspended mntter separntton chamhc,'

6. Clarified water couccunn ra d lnt

trOll,!!hs

7. Trented water outlet s, Shldg-e removal

9. Sludge concentrator

lry. """11('1

ll. Mixint:! r.!c-:r dr i vinr: motor

Fig. 136,

B1stC11l de cnnallzare InterJonrA

1. Canol de ape uzate

2. Canal Interior

3. Rnmlflcntle prlmarA

4. GurA de curattre

5. VanA

6. ClapetA de retlnere

7. Descllrcare R. Put col ector

9. Seurgere de pllirdosealA (sICon)

10. Cannllznre InterloarA tnchtsa

11. Ventllatte dublll (slmplil)

12. Colo.~nll conunua de scurrrerc $1

,1(' nCl'l,lre

1~, 20, Colon nil de npe tcc.~loldc

14. Aertstre uscatll

15. Aerlslre cu coller

16. Derlvatie de aerlslre

17. Aranjarnent nlternatlv

18. Aerlstre de grupA

19. Aerlslre lat('ralA

20. Canal de flxare (a oblcctelor M-

nttare)

21. Acrlslre de clrcutt

2". Aertstro de d!'scllrc:ue 2~. Aerlslre umedll

24. A erlstre invcrsn

2;;. nC'rtvntie d~ nertstre

27. Rnmlflcn\le orb:nntnlll

28. 31. Colnane de af'rlslre ?9. Evacunrc Ind Ir('ctll

~n. Aertstre In buc1~

~~. nl1rlnn de Rr\lrr!crr.

:l~. C:m,,1 nentru ncoperts

~~. P,,,corri la colonnn de ncrl~lre ~;. A rnn tnment nucrnnttv

~m. Sor'lt

~7. 7.td ,1(' cl~dlre ~r. F.1..11111 T

.19. It

an, .. Ttl

11. Arnpcrts

Fig, 137.

Decanter tip Accelntor I. Int.rnreA apel brute

2. Prim" camerll de arnestee ~. Ar,It.:ltnr CI1 palcte

4. A doua camera dc nme.lc('

5. Camerll d~ sopararo suspr nstonal:i

r, •• Tl!heabu'·1 ric cole-clare rnrJlnle n

nnet Ilmpczf te

7. Plecare apil Jhnn~7.lt:\ n. Evacuare nllmol

9. Cnmerll de ('on('cntrnre a n:\111o- 1111111

10. Gollre

t 1. Molorul de nntrenare nl ngltnlorutut.

627

o·

(

1

I

I

J

_-. -_-_-_-. __ - __ -._~~~~-_-_-_-_~-_- _- _--r-; ------6-28-1II!I1 .... ··L._ -:,o-------~·· - ....

Scheme of a hydrophore plant 1. Manometer

aa, Motor supply

2b. Starter supply

3. Press swItch

4. Storage tank

6. Electrical circuit for air compres-

sor motor

G. Air compressor

7. Pump

8. Scrvlce pipe for net

9. Electric conduits from press swllch to automatic control

Inspection/access chamber

1. Concrete foundation

2. Open channel

a, Concrete bed and rtnuncntng

4. Drain

5. Open channel bend

6. Concretc nnuncbuur

7. Concrete filing

8. Galvanized iron steps

9. Corbelling

10. Fresh all' Inlet n. Stone curb

12. Galvanized iron cover

13. Ground

Fig. 138.

Schema unci instala*U de hidrofor 1. Manometru

2a. AUmentare electrlcA la motorul pompei

2b. Idem Ia reostatul de pornlre

3. Presoslat

4. Cazan de hktrofor

5. Allmenlare elcctrleA la motorul comprcsorulul

G. Compresor de aer 7. Pompll

R. Conducta spre rc.ea

9. Lcgllturl electrlcc de la presostat ta tnbloul de nutomattznre

Fig. ]39.

Camin de vlzltare

1. Fundalle de beton

2. Canal desehls

3. Pat ~I oanctura j ~ant din beton

4. Conductii de canallzare

5. Curbura cnnatutut deschls G. Conclurii I ~ant din beton 7. trmptutura de beton

R. Trepte din otel galvanlzat

9. Zidilrie In consola

10. Acrlslrc

11. DordurA de platrA

12. Capac din lontll gnlvanlzut

13. 'feren

·1

\

. ~

I

!

o

Section through closet

1. Face of wall

2. Plaster cornice

3. Timber floor

4. Seal

5. Pipe socket and support

6. Flush pipe

7. Branch

R. Antlstphon pipe

9. 5011 pipe

10. Tlle~

II. Tiled s111 12. Stone slll

Fig. 140.

Seotlune prln W.C.

1. Fnta exterloarA (paramentutj pe-

retetul

2. Cornl!;a de Ipsos

3. Planseu de lemn

4. Prag de Inchlzator hldraulic

5. Mula Sl susunerea tubulul

6. 'rcava de spalnre

7. Racord din teava

8. 'feavll de desnmorsare

9. Colonna de canatlznre

10. Pillet ceramlee

11. Solbane dalal

12. Solbane de platri

~30

1131

o

632

Sketch of shoe

1. Concrete

2. Drain pipe

3. Shoe

1. Grating

5. D.P.C. (damp proof course)

6. Projecting ears or Iugs

7. Halnwater plpc

8. Wall fa ~e

Fig. 141.

Papuc de burlan

1. Beton,

2. Tub de canallzare

3. Papucul burtanulul 4, Gratal'

5. Strut de hldmlzoh.\ic

6. Urcchl/ bl'l.\ilri in consola 7, Burian

8, Paramentu) perelciui

I

•

633 , _

..- ~c.:.........-.-.-.--

Concrete conduit (tunnel section)

1. Reinforcement

2. Cap

3. Cant - "Hauntch bar"

4. Leg

5. Mud sill; ground sill'

6. Cleat

7. Lagging

8. Steel liner plate

9. Steel ribs - collapsible

10. Invert elevation

11. Spring line elevation

12. Arch elevation; crown elevation I level'

Reinforced concrete arch

1. Footing; foundation"

2. Tie rod

3. Main rctntorccmcnt

4. Stirrups

5. Rib

6. Leg

7. Slab

634

Fig. 142.

Conducta de beton armat (sectiune de galerle)

1. ArmAturA

2. Creasta (ealota)

3. Dulap fncl1nat

4. Montant; piclor

5. TraversA de la talpA

6. Tachet

7. CAptu~ealA

8. CAmll4ulalA de ote!

9. Cercurl de otel (demontabllc)

10. Nlvelul radlerului

11. Nlvelul na$terll

12. Nlvelul che.1i (crestel)

Fig. 143.

Arc (le beton armat

1. Funda\le

2. Tlrant

3. Armll.tura principal"

4. Etrlerl

5. Nervurll

6. Monl:mt ce se Ingustenzli [os

7. DnlA