PERENCANAAN KOLOM
1) Data Perencanaan
a) Dimensi Kolom (bxh) = 500 x 500 mm
b) Dimensi balok (bw x hw) = 300 x 500 mm
c) Mutu Beton (fc') = 30 Mpa
d) Mutu Baja (fy) = 400 Mpa
e) Faktor Reduksi untuk Struktur Tekan dengan sengkang pengikat (Ф) = 0.65
f) Faktor Reduksi untuk geser (Ф) = 0.75
g) Momen Inersia Balok (Ib)
3
Ib = 1 bw.hw3 = 1 x 300 x 500
12 12
= 3125000000 mm4
h) Momen Inersia Kolom (Ic)
- Arah x, Icx
3
Icx = 1 b3.h = 1 x 500 x 500
12 12
= 5208333333 mm4
- Arah x, Icx
3
Icy = 1 b.h3 = 1 x 500 x 500
12 12
= 5208333333 mm4
i) Modulus Elastisitas Beton (Ec)
Ec = 4700 x √𝑓 = 4700 x √ 30
𝑐′
= 25742.960
j) Nilai EI
- EI Balok = Ec x Ib = 25742.960 x 3.125E+09 = 8.04E+13
- EI Kolom
- Arah x = Ec x Icx = 25742.960 x 5.208E+09 = 1.34E+14
- Arah y = Ec x Icy = 25742.960 x 5.208E+09 = 1.34E+14
k) Tebal Selimut Beton (ds) = 40 mm
l) Diameter Sengkang (фs) = 10 mm
m) d' = ds + фs
= 40 + 10
= 50 mm
n) Ratio Penulangan (ρ)
Diperkirakan Rasio Penulangan Total, ρ = 3% d = h - d'
Astotal = ρ.b.d = 500 - 50
= 3% x 500 x 450 = 450 mm
= 6750 mm2
Jika digunakan tulangan simetrik, maka :
As = As' = 1/2 x Astotal
= 1/2 x 6750
= 3375 mm2
Direncanakan menggunakan tulangan pokok diameter= 22 mm
фt = 22 mm
Luas Tulangan Simetrik aktual jika dipakai 5 tulangan D= 22 mm
As = As' = 5 x 1/4 x 3/14 x 22 2 = 1899.7 mm2
Rasio Penulangan Aktual (Total)
ρaktual = 2 x As = 2 x 1899.7 d = h - d' - 1/2фt
bxd 500 x 439 = 500 - 50 - 1/2 x
= 0.017 = 439 mm
= 1.731 % ----> 1% < ρaktual < 8% …OK!
Regangan Leleh Baja (εy)
εy = fy = 400
Es 200000
= 0.0020 mm
Penulangan kolom
Ukuran kolom = b = 500 mm
h = 500 mm
perkiraan tinggi efektif penampang
selimut beton = 40 mm
tulangan begel = φ 10 mm
tulangan pokok = D 22 mm
ρperlu = 1% - 6%
diambil = 2% = 0.02
jumlah tulangan
n = As perlu = 4390
AsD22 379.94
= 11.554 ≈ 1 batang
Lu = h1 - 1/2 x hbalok
= 4000 - 1/2 x 500
= 3750 mm
r = 0.3 · bkolom
= 0.3 · 500
= 150 mm
k · Lu M1b
< 34 - 12
r M2b
0.870 · 3750 -201.83
< 34 - 12
150 302.39
21.75 < 42.0094
maka kolom termasuk kolom pendek
ab = β1 · Cb
= 0.85 · 263.400
= 223.890 mm
d' =
selimut beton + Ø begel + 1/2 Ø tul. Pokok
= 40 + 10 + 1/2 22
= 61.0 mm
0.003 Cb - dy
ε s' =
Cb
0.003 263.400 - 61.0
=
263.400
= 0.00231
fs' = εs' · Es Es = 200000 MPa
= 0.00231 · 200000
= 461.048 MPa > 400 MPa
ρnb = 0.85 x fc' x ab x h
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500
= 2854597.5 N
= 2854.5975 kN
Mnb = (0.85 x fc' x ab x h) (b/2 - ab/2) + (As' x fy) (b/2 - d') + (As x fy) (d-b/2)
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500 x 500 223.890 + 1899.700 x 400
-
2 2
x 500 + 1899.7 x 400 x 439 x 500
- 61.0
2 2
= 2854597.5 x 138.055 + 759880 x 189 + 759880 - 189
= 681326097.863 N.mm
= 681.3261 kN.m
= 2 x 1/4 x 3.14 x 10 2
= 157 mm2
Jarak Sengkang, S
S = Av x Fy x d
vs
= 157 x 400 x 439
123096.468
= 223.96418 mm
Jarak sengkang maksimum, Smaks
i. 16 x фt = 16 x 22 = 352 mm
ii. 48 x фs = 48 x 10 = 480 mm Nilai terkecil menentukan
iii. Dimensi terkecil kolom = 500 mm
karena syarat antar begel 150 mm, maka digunakan :
Digunakan sengkang D 10 - 150 mm
Penulangan K
B. Kolom Te
Penulangan Kolom Tingkat 1
B. Kolom Tengah
Hasil SAP2000
Pu = Px
= 962.67 kN
M1 = 346.92 kN
M2 = 196.38 kN
ΨA
Eksentrisitas, e = Mu (Mu = M2)
Pu
= 196.38
962.67
= 0.203995 m
ΨB
Lu = h1 - 1/2 x hbalok
= 4000 - 1/2 x 500
= 3750 mm
r = 0.3 · bkolom
= 0.3 · 500
= 150 mm
k · Lu M1b
< 34 - 12
r M2b
0.840 · 3750 -346.92
< 34 - 12
150 196.38
21 < 55.1989
maka kolom termasuk kolom pendek
ab = β1 · Cb
= 0.85 · 263.400
= 223.890 mm
d' =
selimut beton + Ø begel + 1/2 Ø tul. Pokok
= 40 + 10 + 1/2 22
= 61.0 mm
0.003 Cb - dy
ε s' =
Cb
0.003 263.400 - 61.0
=
263.400
= 0.00231
fs' = εs' · Es Es = 200000 MPa
= 0.00231 · 200000
= 461.048 MPa > 400 MPa
ρnb = 0.85 x fc' x ab x h
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500
= 2854597.5 N
= 2854.5975 kN
Mnb = (0.85 x fc' x ab x h) (b/2 - ab/2) + (As' x fy) (b/2 - d') + (As x fy) (d-b/2)
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500 x 500 223.890 + 1899.700 x 400
-
2 2
x 500 + 1899.7 x 400 x 439 x 500
- 61.0
2 2
= 2854597.5 x 138.055 + 759880 x 189 + 759880 - 189
= 681326097.863 N.mm
= 681.3261 kN.m
2
= 2 x 1/4 x 3.14 x 10
= 157 mm2
Jarak Sengkang, S
S = Av x Fy x d
vs
= 157 x 400 x 439
94358.890
= 292.17385 mm
Jarak sengkang maksimum, Smaks
i. 16 x фt = 16 x 22 = 352 mm
ii. 48 x фs = 48 x 10 = 480 mm Nilai terkecil menentukan
iii. Dimensi terkecil kolom = 500 mm
karena syarat antar begel 150 mm, maka digunakan :
Digunakan sengkang D 10 - 150 mm
Penulangan Kolom Tingkat 2
A. Kolom Tepi
Hasil SAP2000
Pu = Px
= 298.79 kN
M1 = 213.68 kN
M2 = 166.9 kN
ΨA
Eksentrisitas, e = Mu (Mu = M2)
Pu
= 166.9
298.79
= 0.558586 m
ΨB
Lu = h1 - 1/2 x hbalok
= 4000 - 1/2 x 500
= 3750 mm
r = 0.3 · bkolom
= 0.3 · 500
= 150 mm
k · Lu M1b
< 34 - 12
r M2b
0.910 · 3750 -213.68
< 34 - 12
150 166.9
22.75 < 49.3635
maka kolom termasuk kolom pendek
ab = β1 · Cb
= 0.85 · 263.400
= 223.890 mm
d' =
selimut beton + Ø begel + 1/2 Ø tul. Pokok
= 40 + 10 + 1/2 22
= 61.0 mm
0.003 Cb - dy
ε s' =
Cb
0.003 263.400 - 61.0
=
263.400
= 0.00231
fs' = εs' · Es Es = 200000 MPa
= 0.00231 · 200000
= 461.048 MPa > 400 MPa
ρnb = 0.85 x fc' x ab x h
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500
= 2854597.5 N
= 2854.5975 kN
Mnb = (0.85 x fc' x ab x h) (b/2 - ab/2) + (As' x fy) (b/2 - d') + (As x fy) (d-b/2)
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500 x 500 223.890 + 1899.700 x 400
-
2 2
x 500 + 1899.7 x 400 x 439 x 500
- 61.0
2 2
= 2854597.5 x 138.055 + 759880 x 189 + 759880 - 189
= 681326097.863 N.mm
= 681.3261 kN.m
Jarak Sengkang, S
S = Av x Fy x d
vs
= 157 x 400 x 439
105602.456
= 261.0659 mm
Jarak sengkang maksimum, Smaks
i. 16 x фt = 16 x 22 = 352 mm
ii. 48 x фs = 48 x 10 = 480 mm Nilai terkecil menentukan
iii. Dimensi terkecil kolom = 500 mm
karena syarat antar begel 150 mm, maka digunakan :
Digunakan sengkang D 10 - 150 mm
Penulangan Kolom Ti
B. Kolom Tengah
ΨA
ΨB
a) Pemeriksaan Je
b) Pemeriksaan M
c)
d)
Penulangan Kolom Tingkat 2
B. Kolom Tengah
Hasil SAP2000
Pu = Px
= 581.64 kN
M1 = 194.43 kN
M2 = 161.00 kN
ΨA
Eksentrisitas, e = Mu (Mu = M2)
Pu
= 161
581.64
= 0.276804 m
ΨB
Lu = h1 - 1/2 x hbalok
= 4000 - 1/2 x 500
= 3750 mm
r = 0.3 · bkolom
= 0.3 · 500
= 150 mm
k · Lu M1b
< 34 - 12
r M2b
0.840 · 3750 -194.43
< 34 - 12
150 161
21 < 48.4917
maka kolom termasuk kolom pendek
ab = β1 · Cb
= 0.85 · 263.400
= 223.890 mm
d' =
selimut beton + Ø begel + 1/2 Ø tul. Pokok
= 40 + 10 + 1/2 22
= 61.0 mm
0.003 Cb - dy
ε s' =
Cb
0.003 263.400 - 61.0
=
263.400
= 0.00231
fs' = εs' · Es Es = 200000 MPa
= 0.00231 · 200000
= 461.048 MPa > 400 MPa
ρnb = 0.85 x fc' x ab x h
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500
= 2854597.5 N
= 2854.5975 kN
Mnb = (0.85 x fc' x ab x h) (b/2 - ab/2) + (As' x fy) (b/2 - d') + (As x fy) (d-b/2)
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500 x 500 223.890 + 1899.700 x 400
-
2 2
x 500 + 1899.7 x 400 x 439 x 500
- 61.0
2 2
= 2854597.5 x 138.055 + 759880 x 189 + 759880 - 189
= 681326097.863 N.mm
= 681.3261 kN.m
= 157 mm 2
Jarak Sengkang, S
S = Av x Fy x d
vs
= 157 x 400 x 439
135940.615
= 202.80326 mm
Jarak sengkang maksimum, Smaks
i. 16 x фt = 16 x 22 = 352 mm
ii. 48 x фs = 48 x 10 = 480 mm Nilai terkecil menentukan
iii. Dimensi terkecil kolom = 500 mm
karena syarat antar begel 150 mm, maka digunakan :
Digunakan sengkang D 10 - 150 mm
Penulangan Kolom Tingkat 3
A. Kolom Tepi
Hasil SAP2000
Pu = Px
= 100.35 kN
M1 = 132.53 kN
M2 = 89.42 kN
ΨA
Eksentrisitas, e = Mu (Mu = M2)
Pu
= 89.42
100.35
= 0.891081 m
ΨB
Lu = h1 - 1/2 x hbalok
= 4000 - 1/2 x 500
= 3750 mm
r = 0.3 · bkolom
= 0.3 · 500
= 150 mm
k · Lu M1b
< 34 - 12
r M2b
0.905 · 3750 -132.53
< 34 - 12
150 89.42
22.625 < 51.7853
maka kolom termasuk kolom pendek
ab = β1 · Cb
= 0.85 · 263.400
= 223.890 mm
d' =
selimut beton + Ø begel + 1/2 Ø tul. Pokok
= 40 + 10 + 1/2 22
= 61.0 mm
0.003 Cb - dy
ε s' =
Cb
0.003 263.400 - 61.0
=
263.400
= 0.00231
fs' = εs' · Es Es = 200000 MPa
= 0.00231 · 200000
= 461.048 MPa > 400 MPa
ρnb = 0.85 x fc' x ab x h
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500
= 2854597.5 N
= 2854.5975 kN
Mnb = (0.85 x fc' x ab x h) (b/2 - ab/2) + (As' x fy) (b/2 - d') + (As x fy) (d-b/2)
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500 x 500 223.890 + 1899.700 x 400
-
2 2
x 500 + 1899.7 x 400 x 439 x 500
- 61.0
2 2
= 2854597.5 x 138.055 + 759880 x 189 + 759880 - 189
= 681326097.863 N.mm
= 681.3261 kN.m
eb =
Mnb = 681.3261 = 0.239 m
ρnb 2854.5975
Cek model keruntuhan
e ≤ eb
0.891 m ≤ 0.239 m
891 mm ≤ 239 m
εy ≤ εs'
0.0020 mm ≤ 0.0023
фMn = фPn x e
= 773.56001 x 0.891
= 689.3048 kN
Cek Kapasitas Penampang :
i. фPn ≥ e
773.56 ≥ 100.35 kN ….. OK
ii. фMn ≥ Mu
689.3048 ≥ 89.42 kN ….. OK
Lu = h1 - 1/2 x hbalok
= 4000 - 1/2 x 500
= 3750 mm
r = 0.3 · bkolom
= 0.3 · 500
= 150 mm
k · Lu M1b
< 34 - 12
r M2b
0.840 · 3750 -90.43
< 34 - 12
150 46.41
21 < 57.3820
maka kolom termasuk kolom pendek
ab = β1 · Cb
= 0.85 · 263.400
= 223.890 mm
d' =
selimut beton + Ø begel + 1/2 Ø tul. Pokok
= 40 + 10 + 1/2 22
= 61.0 mm
0.003 Cb - dy
ε s' =
Cb
0.003 263.400 - 61.0
=
263.400
= 0.00231
fs' = εs' · Es Es = 200000 MPa
= 0.00231 · 200000
= 461.048 MPa > 400 MPa
ρnb = 0.85 x fc' x ab x h
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500
= 2854597.5 N
= 2854.5975 kN
Mnb = (0.85 x fc' x ab x h) (b/2 - ab/2) + (As' x fy) (b/2 - d') + (As x fy) (d-b/2)
= 0.85 x 30 x 223.890 x 500 x 500 223.890 + 1899.700 x 400
-
2 2
x 500 + 1899.7 x 400 x 439 x 500
- 61.0
2 2
= 2854597.5 x 138.055 + 759880 x 189 + 759880 - 189
= 681326097.863 N.mm
= 681.3261 kN.m
eb =
Mnb = 681.3261 = 0.239 m
ρnb 2854.5975
Cek model keruntuhan
e ≤ eb
0.229 m ≤ 0.239 m
229 mm ≤ 239 m
εy ≤ εs'
0.0020 mm ≤ 0.0023 mm
фMn = фPn x e
= 2092.2151 x 0.229
= 479.14979 kN
Cek Kapasitas Penampang :
i. фPn ≥ e
2092.215 ≥ 202.65 kN ….. OK
ii. фMn ≥ Mu
479.1498 ≥ 46.41 kN ….. OK
= 157 mm2
Jarak Sengkang, S
S = Av x Fy x d
vs
= 157 x 400 x 439
69092.266
= 399.02006 mm
Jarak sengkang maksimum, Smaks
i. 16 x фt = 16 x 22 = 352 mm
ii. 48 x фs = 48 x 10 = 480 mm Nilai terkecil menentukan
iii. Dimensi terkecil kolom = 500 mm
karena syarat antar begel 150 mm, maka digunakan :
Digunakan sengkang D 10 - 150 mm