FORMULASI SABUN CAIR EKSTRAK DAUN BANGUN-BANGUN

(Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng) DAN UJI AKTIVITAS

ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP BAKTERI
Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Daun bangun-bangun (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng)

mengandung saponin, flavonoid, tanin dan steroid/triterpenoid yang berperan
sebagai antibaketri. Ekstrak daun bangun-bangun dapat menghambat bakteri
Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.
Tujuan : Membuat sediaan sabun cair yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun
bangun-bangun, mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak dan sediaan sabun
cair ekstrak etanol daun bangun-bangun terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
dan Escherichia coli.
Metode : Penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi identifikasi tumbuhan, karakterisasi
dan skrining fitokimia simplisia, pembuatan ekstrak etanol daun bangun-bangun
dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, skrining fitokimia
ekstrak, uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak, formulasi sediaan sabun cair dengan
konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun bangun-bangun 0,5, 1, 2, dan 3%, serta evaluasi
sediaan meliputi stabilitas sediaan dan uji akitivitas antibakteri sabun cair
terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.
Hasil : Karakterisasi simplisia daun bangun-bangun, diperoleh kadar air 7,92%;
kadar sari yang larut dalam air 29,26%; kadar sari yang larut dalam etanol
13,32%; kadar abu total 0,823% dan kadar abu yang tidak larut dalam asam
0,656%. Hasil skrining fitokimia simplisia dan ekstrak adalah glikosida, saponin,
flavonoid, tanin dan steroid/triterpenoid. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak yang
efektif pada konsentrasi 1,5% menunjukkan daerah hambat untuk bakteri
Staphylococcus aureus 14,12 mm dan pada konsentrasi 1% menunjukkaan daerah
hambat untuk bakteri Escherichia coli 17,32 mm. Hasil evaluasi sediaan secara
fisik stabil selama penyimpanan 28 hari pada suhu kamar, memenuhi kriteria SNI
1996 yaitu organoleptis (bentuk, bau dan warna yang khas), pH, tidak mengiritasi,
ketinggian dan kestabilan busa, dan bobot jenis, serta uji aktivitas antibakteri
sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun bangun-bangun dengan konsentrasi 2% efektif
sebagai antibakteri dengan zona hambat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
20,10 mm dan Echerichia coli dengan zona hambat 18,38 mm.
Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak
etanol daun bangun-bangun dapat diformulasi menjadi sediaan sabun cair yang
memenuhi kriteria SNI 1996 yaitu organoleptis (bentuk, bau dan warna yang
khas), pH, tidak mengiritasi, ketinggian dan kestabilan busa, dan bobot jenis serta
memiliki aktivitas antibakteri pada sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun bangun-bangun
dengan konsentrasi 2% efektif sebagai antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus
aureus dengan zona hambat 20,10 mm dan Echerichia coli dengan zona hambat
18,38 mm.

Kata kunci : Daun bangun-bangun, sabun cair, Staphylococcus aureus,

Escherichia coli.

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 FORMULATION OF LIQUID SOAP EXTRACT OF PLECTRANTHY
LEAVES (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng) AND THE TEST OF
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST BACTERIA
Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT

Background : Plectranthy leaves (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng)

contain saponin, flavonoid, tannin, and steroid/triterpene that use as antibacterial.
Extract of Plectranthy leaves can inhibit the Staphylococcus aureus and
Escherichia coli bacteria.
Purpose : To formulate liquid soap preparation containing ethanol extract of
Plectranthy leaves, to knowing antibacterial activity of extract and liquid soap
preparation of ethanol extract of Plectranthy leaves against Staphylococcus aureus
and Escherichia coli.
Methods : The study was carried out againts identification of plants,
characterization and phytochemical screening simplisia, preparation of
Plectranthy leaves ethanol extract was macerated by using ethanol 96%,
phytochemical screening simplicia extract, antibacterial activities test of extract,
formulation of liquid soap with Plectranthy leaves ethanol extract consentration
0.5, 1, 2, and 3%, evaluated the preparation of liquid soap stability and tested
antibacterial activity of liquid soap against Staphylococcus aureus and
Escherichia coli.
Results : The characterization simplicia were the water value 7.92%, the water-
soluble extract value 29.26%, the ethanol-soluble extract value 13.32%, the total
ash value 0.823% and the acid insoluble ash value 0.656%. The results of
phytochemical screening simplicia and extract were glycoside, saponin, flavonoid,
tannin, and steroid/triterpene. The testing of effective antibacterial activity of
extract at consentration 1.5% gave the diameter of inhibitory zone bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus 14.12 mm and at consentration 1% gave the diameter of
inhibitory zone bacteria Escherichia coli 17.32 mm. Evaluation results were
physically stable dosage during 28 days storage at room temperature, meet the
criteria of SNI 1996 that is organoleptic (distinctive shapes, odors and colors), pH,
not irritating, height and foam stability, type weights, and has antibacterial activity
on liquid soap ethanol extract of Plectranthy leaves with 2% concentration is
effective as antibacterial to Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone 20.10 mm
and Echerichia coli with inhibition zone 18.38 mm.
Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, ethanol extract of Plectranthy
leaves can be formulated into liquid soap that meet the criteria of SNI 1996 that is
organoleptic (distinctive shapes, odors and colors), pH, not irritating, height and
foam stability, type weights, and has antibacterial activity on liquid soap ethanol
extract of Plectranthy leaves with 2% concentration is effective as antibacterial to
Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone 20.10 mm and Escherichia coli with
inhibition zone 18.38 mm.

Keywords : Plectranthy leaves, liquid soap, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia

coli.

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