1.

2.
3.
, or

:
= x
*

*
SOLUTION :

????
Untuk 8 bit bipolar dari -10 V s.d. 10 Volt
Step-10 Step-2 Vout
0 0000 0000 -10 volt
?8 00001000 ?8 x 78.125mV=
(625-10000)mV=-
 9.375 V
255 1111 1111 9.951875 volt

Untuk 4 bit bipolar dari -10 V s.d. 10 Volt

SOLUTION :
-5 s.d. 5 Volt  10 bit
Rentang 10 Volt res = 10V /210 =10V/1024=0.009765625 V
= 9.765625 mV
Step 10 Step 2 V out
0 0000000000 -5 v
1024 1111111111 (5000-9.765625)
=4.99V
+5V
445 0110111101 445 x9.765625mV
=4.345703125 V –
5V
=--0.654296875 V
0110111101
1 x 20 = 1
1 x 22 = 4
1 x 23 = 8
1x 24 = 16
1x 25 = 32
1x 27= 128
1x 28 = 256
--------- + 445
?????
SOLUTION : ???