CONTENT

Sr. No Content page

1 History of the mobile 2
2 Types Of Products 4
3 Timeline Of mobile Models 6
4 Fab (Features Advantages And Benefits) Analysis Of 9
mobile
4.1 Features of mobile 13
4.2 Advantage of mobile 14
5 Benefits Of mobile Using Six Different Profiles 16

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Mobile
A mobile telephone or cellular telephone (commonly, "mobile phone" or "cell
phone") is a long-range, portable electronic device used for mobile communiction.
In addition to the standard voice function of a telephone, current mobile phones
can support many additional services such as SMS for text mesasaging, email,
packet switching for access to the Internet, and MMS for sending and receiving
photos and video. Most current mobile phones connect to a cellular network of
base stations (cell sites), which is in turn interconnected to the public switched
telephone network (PSTN) (the exception are satellite phones).

History
The introduction of hexagonal cells for mobile phone base stations, invented in
1947 by Bell Labs engineers at AT&T, was further developed by Bell Labs during
the 1960s. Radiophones have a long and varied history going back to the Second
World War with military use of radio telephony links and civil services in the
1950s, while hand-held cellular radio devices have been available since 1983. Due
to their low establishment costs and rapid deployment, mobile phone networks
have since spread rapidly throughout the world, outstripping the growth of fixed
telephony.
In 1945, the 0G generation of mobile telephones were introduced. 0G mobile
telephones, such as Mobile Telephone Service, were not officially categorized as
mobile phones, since they did not support the automatic change of channel

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frequency in the middle of a call, when the user moved from one cell (base station
coverage area) to another cell, a feature called "handover".

In 1970 Amos Joel of Bell Labs invented the "call handoff" feature, which allowed
a mobile-phone user to travel through several cells during the same conversation.
Martin Cooper of Motorola is widely considered to be the inventor of the first
practical mobile phone for handheld use in a non-vehicle setting. Using a modern,
if somewhat heavy portable handset, Cooper made the first call on a handheld
mobile phone on April 3, 1973. At the time he made his call, Cooper was working
as Motorola's General Manager of its Communications Division.

Fully automatic cellular networks were first introduced in the early to mid-1980s
(the 1G generation). The first fully automatic mobile phone system was the 1981
Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system. Until the early 1990s, most mobile
phones were too large to be carried in a jacket pocket, so they were usually
permanently installed in vehicles as car phones. With the advance of
miniaturization and smaller digital components, mobile phones got smaller and
lighter.

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 TYPES OF PRODUCTS
Due to its utility, necessity and affordability, mobile phone is one of the most
ubiquitous gadgets that one finds in the world. From Sony Ericsson to Nokia,
Motorola, Apple, Samsung, LG, HTC and every other mobile phone manufacturer
comes out with its own range of offerings with something new, something different
and something unexpected being always the high point. And with the value added
features varying from music/sound capabilities to web browsing abilities dominating
user's choice, the voice call function seems to have taken more of a back seat.

But not every mobile phone comes loaded with all the features. They all have some
underlying utility and other aspects for which they are designed and offered in the
market. And accordingly they can be broadly classified into following categories;

Basic Mobile Phone: It is the simplest and the most original of all the
mobile phones that you would see in the market. The cheapest of them
all, it is sold in maximum numbers. Though with cost of technology
falling and customer expectations rising most of the basic mobile
phones now come with value additions like ring tone options, etc. Most
of the mobile phone brands offer basic models. (Buy Mobile Phones in
India)

Smartphones: These phones are for those who want a single gadget to
be fully loaded so that it can serve any and every purpose - from
communication to computing and from entertainment to productivity.

Smartphones do multiple tasks from email and web browsing to playing music,
capturing and playing videos, storing and managing data and many other functions
too. These have higher price tags but the features they offer fully justify their price.
RIM's BlackBerry, Nokia's N97 and Apple's iPhone are some of the most popular
smartphones. Most of the latest mobile phones fall in this category. (Find more on
why one should buy a smartphone, or learn more about smartphones)

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PDA Phones: Personal Data Assistant phones are the favorite

companion of business executives. Running on operating systems like
MS Mobile Pocket PC and Palm OS these are offered by HP, PalmOne
and the likes. In fact the mobile phone market has become so
demanding, dynamic and competitive that the line that divides
smartphones from PDA phones is fast fading. (PDAs in India)

GSM/CDMA Mobile Phones: GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)

and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) are the two most important and
commonly used networking technologies and your phone would be designed to work
on either. Both the technologies have their own pros and cons and same get
transferred to the corresponding mobile phone. The latest innovations though have
now made it possible to use both the technologies in the same mobile phone. See
Dual SIM Mobile Phone for more.

Mobile phones can also be categorized as lifestyle phones, business phones,

entertainment phones, gaming phones, etc. depending upon the features and
consumer market segment that these may be targeting. The best thing is that you can
make a mental note of what all you want in your mobile phone and you will be
surprised to find that it is already available in the market.

Resources:

 Buy Mobile Phones

 Buy Mobile Phones in India
 HTC Mobiles
 HTC Mobiles India
 Dual SIM Mobile Phones
 Smarthones

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Page 6 of 17
 MOBILE PHONE TIMELINE/HISTORY:
1835

In 1835, American painter Samuel Morse made the first working

electric telegraph using an electromagnet. By 1838 he had also
developed the system of dots and dashes which enabled complex
messages to be sent. By 1844 he had raised support from Congress and
the first telegraph line was opened, from Baltimore to Washington.
Morse sent the first message: 'What hath God wrought?'
1876

Alexander Graham Bell made the first telephone call on March 10,
1876, in Boston, through the Liquid Transmitter he had designed. He
uttered the first words to be carried over a wire: "Mr. Watson, come
here, I want you!"
1906

In 1906, a radio engineer named Lee de Forest transmitted a message to

an experimental phone in a car idling on a New York street: "How do
you like your first wireless ride? The fire department, steamships, and
railways ought to adopt the same method of communication." Later he
declared: "Hereafter, we hope it will be possible for businessmen, even
while automobiling, to stay in constant touch."
1912 The first commercial telephone calls in the UK were made in 1912
when the General Post Office controlled the telephone networks.
1946 In 1946 a mobile telephone service (MTS) was introduced by AT&T in
the United States. A mobile user who wished to place a call from a
radiotelephone had to search manually for an unused 35-megahertz or
150-megahertz band before they could place a call. Only one person
could speak at a time and the call direction was controlled by a push-to-
talk button on the handset just like a walkie talkie.
  When mobiles were first launched, each country was limited to its own
national area - they could call overseas landlines or mobiles but they
would not work overseas. The first mobile phone weighed 76lbs (34kg).

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1880

In the early 1980's the consultants McKinsey & Co were hired by

AT&T to forecast the growth in the mobile market until the end of the
millennium. They projected a world market of 900,000. Today, 900,000
handsets are sold every three days.
1983 In May 1983 Licences were granted to Cellnet and Vodafone to provide
national cellular radio networks in the UK.
1985 1985 saw the emergence of shoulder phones which operated with more
than 20kg worth of batteries… which is why they were used mostly in
cars.
 

Vodafone and Cellnet opened for business in January 1985. Cellnet's

charges were as follows:
-Lease of cellular phone - £164 per quarter (equivalent of approximately
£262 at today's prices)
-Installation charge - £100 (approximately £160 at today's prices)
-Connection to Cellnet system - £60 (approximately £96 at today's
prices)
1991 The first call ever placed on a commercial GSM (Global Standard for
Mobile) phone was on 1 July 1991. Harri Holkeri, governor of the Bank
of Finland, telephoned the mayor of Helsinki to talk about the price of
Baltic herring.
1993 September 1993 saw the launch of One 2 One, the first GSM 1800 all-
digital network in the world.
1994 April 1994 Hutchison Microtel announced the launch of its UK
network, Orange.
 

SMS - the Short Message Service - was launched in 1994 enabling short
text messages to be exchanged between mobiles.
1998 In December 1998, Oftel Director General, David Edmonds, announced
an intention to implement fully the recommendations made by the
MMC following an investigation, made at the request of Oftel, into the
price of calls made to mobile phones.

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  In 1998 more mobile phones were sold world-wide than cars and PCs
combined.
1999

From 1 January 1999, mobile phone customers were able to keep their
old number when switching networks. The UK is the first country in the
world to give customers this ability.
  April 1999 saw the emergence of the first mobiles able to send email
and use the web.
  22 September 1999, House of Commons Science and Technology
Committee finds no health risk from mobile phones apart from use
while driving, though urges manufacturers to continue research.
TODAY

Today we have picture phones, multimedia video messaging and 3G

handsets. Mobile phones have become a massive part of our lives, so
much so that you sometimes wonder how you got by without one!

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FAB (FEATURES, ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS)
ANALYSIS OF MOBILE

1) Meaning of FAB
FAB means what amount of feature, advantage and benefit posessed by
a particular product.

2) Mobile Features

 General features
Mobile phones are designed to work on cellular networks and contain a standard
set of services that allow phones of different types and in different countries to
communicate with each other. However, they can also support other features added
by various manufacturers over the years:

 roaming which permits the same phone to be used in multiple countries,

providing that the operators of both countries have a roaming agreement.
 send and receive data and faxes (if a computer is attached), access WAP
services, and provide full Internet access using technologies such as GPRS.
 applications like a clock, alarm, calendar and calculator and a few games.
 Sending and receiving pictures and videos through MMS, and for short
distances with e.g. Bluetooth.
 GPS receivers integrated or connected (i.e. using Bluetooth) to cell phones,
primarily to aid in dispatching emergency responders and road tow truck
services. This feature is generally referred to as E911.
 Push to talk, available on some mobile phones, is a feature that allows the
user to be heard only while the talk button is held, similar to a walkie-talkie.
 features aimed toward personalisation, such as user defined and
downloadable ring tones and logos, and interchangeable covers, which
have helped in the uptake by the teenage market. Mobile phone content
advertising has become massively popular but has also drawn a great deal
of criticism. Usually one can choose between a ring tone, a vibrating alert,
or a combination of both.

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As a result of all these features packed into a tiny device, mobile phones have
recently gained reputations for their poor ergonomics. Their small size, plethora of
features and modes, and attempts at stylish design may make them difficult and
confusing to use.

 Technical feature

Technical feature 1) Use of radio frequency

Radio spectrum is a limited resource that has traditionally been shared between, for
example, television and radio broadcasters, government, military and private users
(such as taxi operators) and mobile phone network operators. In a technical sense,
a mobile phone user is a two-way broadcaster, requiring two radio channels, one
from and the other to the other user/s.

Hence, the basic challenge to mobile phone technology is how to provide services
to as many users and at as high a data rate as possible using a limited resource, i.e.
the radio spectrum allocated to mobile communications. Since each radio channel
requires a frequency to be allocated to it, the conventional way of solving the
problem is to divide the frequency as much as the technology allows and allocate
separate channels to each active (talking) mobile user. The technology in question
is called Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA).

Technical feature 2) Implications for regulation

Since the available radio spectrum is limited, there is also a limit to the maximum
number of mobile operators. However, the actual number of operators to be given
licences is more dependent on regulatory and business considerations than
technical limitations. Technology is flexible in this sense. For example, depending
on the density of users, the cell size can be varied; the higher the density, the
smaller the cell size. When users increase, extra capacity can be added by breaking
the cell up into smaller components or by adding more, overlapping cells.

It seems that the regulators decide the number of operators on the principle of
'small enough for each operator to have sufficient customers to be profitable but

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large enough to stimulate competition'. Therefore, the number of operators to be
given licences varies from country to country and even from time to time.

For example, in the UK, when 2nd generation (GSM) services were started in
1991, there were only two operators, Cellnet and Vodafone, but in 1993 two more
licences were awarded to Orange and One2One. For 3rd generation services,
applications for which closed in January 2000, the government announced that five
licences would be given in March of that year, with a view to starting operations in
2002. In Hong Kong, as many as seven operators were given licences, although
later one was acquired by another.

There are basically two methods of selection. One is through auction, adopted, for
example, by the US and the UK. The other is the so-called 'beauty contest', where
selection is made by the regulator on the basis of the contents of applications. Each
system has its own merits and demerits.

Technical feature 3) Small screen, low power consumption

Mobile terminals must be portable in terms of size and weight, i.e.easily carried in
a pocket or handbag. Furthermore, their power consumption must be low so that
once their batteries are charged, they can last at least a few hours in active use and
a few days in waiting mode. Although for voice calls these problems are almost
solved, for access to the internet they still pose a significant challenge and require
new solutions. For example, because of the smaller size screens of mobile
terminals, web pages must be of a different design from those for PC access. The
current Windows operating system consumes too much power even in waiting
mode, requiring a new low energy operating system designed for the smaller
screen of mobile terminals.

These new challenges led to a range of technical initiatives geared to mobile

communications, such as Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and EPOC. WAP
was first developed by Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia and Unwired Planet (now
Phone.com) and is a mobile equivalent of the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
(HTTP), which enables mobile terminals to access web pages over the radio
channel.

Technical feature 4) Generation of systems

Mobile systems evolved from first generation analogue (1G) systems in the 1980s
to second generation digital (2G) systems in the1990s. The first version of the third

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generation (3G) multimedia standards was completed in 1999, waiting for official
approval by the ITU in mid-2000. Japanese operators plan to start services in 2001,
as the current radio spectrum allocated to the 2G system is quickly running out due
to unexpected growth in demand.

The European Union (EU) has recommended that all its members finalise the
licensing of the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), the
European version of 3G standards, and that services are launched by 1st January
2002 - a challenging timetable to meet.

Finland was the first country to licence 3G operators, assigning four licences in
March 1999. The UK closed applications for five licences in January 2000 and the
results will be announced later in the year. In addition to the current four mobile
network companies (BT Cellnet, Vodafone AirTouch, Orange and One2One), the
following operators also submitted applications:

Technical feature 5) Cameras

Main articles: Videophone and Camera phone

Most current phones also have a built-in digital camera (see camera phone), that
can have resolutions as high as 12M pixels. This gives rise to some concern about
privacy, in view of possible voyeurism, for example in swimming pools. South
Korea has ordered manufacturers to ensure that all new handsets emit a beep
whenever a picture is taken.

Sound recording and video recording is often also possible. Most people do not
walk around with a video camera, but do carry a phone. The arrival of video
camera phones is transforming the availability of video to consumers, and helps
fuel citizen journalism.

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 MOBILE ADVANTAGES:
Advantages :
 The more you talk, the more you know how to talk and the better your
communication skills become. This is applicable if you're a sensible person
and keep note of your interacting habits over the phone. It can be a
communication tutorial!
 Nothing more than a cell phone comes to great help in emergency. You are
driving by the freeway and the vehicle jams and cell phone comes to your
rescue. You are stuck in a lone place, again call somebody and ask for
directions.
 Parents can be a little less worried about their kids by being in constant
touch with them.
 If you're a net-savvy, you can have Internet handy all the time and
anywhere the signal of your cell phone provider can reach.
 Trendy and stylish cell phones can be used as a bait to receive attention. It
can be part of fashion and styling.
 From the industy and economy point of view, cell phone companies
(communication industry) is florishing with market capital in billions. This is
a good thing for the economy to be smooth and healthy.
 Companies find it yet another medium to advertise their products; so
another medium to reach the consumers.
 Nowadays, cell phones are not just phone calls; they're about messaging,
vidoe, songs, games, alarm clock, notes, calendar, reminder, etc. So one
equipment, lots' of uses!
 Although cell phone use can be dangerous while driving but sometimes it
can be a time-saver - you are driving and simultanesouly discussing some
urgent matter as well. A sensible and only urgent usage during driving can
be a great help at times.

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 BENEFITS OF USING A MOBILE PHONE
Using a cell phone can be a life saver in emergency situations. Learn how this
device improved everyone's lives.

One cannot deny the fact that cell phones (celular) happen to be one of the most
sought after and popular gadgets all over the world. Be it a school going kid, or a
matured office going man, who does not like to flaunt the most expensive phones?!

However, when it comes to the benefits of using cell phones, there is surely more
to them than just the prestige value. It is not just a fashion accessory, which allows
staying connected with the world no matter where you are they are surely more
than that.

Initially when cell phones (celular) were just introduced in the market, they were
known for the wireless technology and the sms facility it provided. These devices
provided the benefits of storing your phonebook entries, and allowed the users to
check date and time. These could be used as calculators too, and served as a
convenient way of remembering appointments when you put up a reminder on
them.

However now not only have these facilities become more advanced, with lots of
new features having been added to it (such as sending picture sms, mms clips,
saving a larger number of phonebook entries, with especial tunes and pictures
assigned for each caller, etc), now it is also possible to use cell phones for a
number of other purposes too, such as for checking your mails, for using the
internet, or as a mini laptop, with almost all necessary features of the computer
included in it.

However, these features are only limited to those cell phones (celular) that come
with heavy price tags. For the more modest ones, one can choose from devices that
allow taking pictures, videos, listening to music etc. These facilities have been
especially enhanced with the Bluetooth and infrared technology, which allows the
user to transfer and exchange data including not only music, but also pictures,
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videos and sounds in a span of just few seconds.

Besides the benefits of the latest technology to users, cell phones (celular) also
tend to play a vital role in helping in dealing with crime. This is primarily because
it makes it easy to trace people, thru the use of the Global Tracking System (GPS),
when they need to be traced down. Also, the law determines the rules that must be
followed by the phone companies while providing tracking services and making
cell phones and sim cards great forensic evidences in times of need.

Cell phones have been found to be of great help also in emergency situations and
in times of disasters and natural calamities. These days most cell phones allow
users to make `emergency calls`, so that such situations can be easily dealt with.
For instance there have been a number of cases where people struck with disasters
such as landslides and earthquakes have found way for themselves with the use of
their devices.

With the quick development in technology, cell phones (celular) are surely
becoming more and more popular with each passing day. The latest models are
able to attract new market and customers, and its fast technological development
can be well understood from the fact that it was just about 20 years ago, when
these devices were viewed as expensive luxuries, meant for large business houses,
the police force and army, and now almost 50% of all children in America own cell
phones. In fact even in developing countries the use of cell phones is growing
immensely, with people using it for both personal and business purposes.

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BENEFITS OF MOBILE USING SIX DIFFERENT
PROFILES:
1) Children
 Mobile is benefited to children like they can play the video game
which is exist in the mobile and they can also play video Game online.

2) Housewives
 Housewives can use mobile phone by calling to their relatives and
they can be socially be connected to there relatives.
3) Business men
 Business men can use wi-fi in the mobile and being able to access
internet. They can also use micosoft-office in there mobile and can
perform there partial activity on phones.
4) Older people
 Older people can listen old and religious songs when they get free and
being able to enjoy there lifes.
5) Travelers
 Travelers can call to their family when they are out side the home, if
they find any good scene in any place then they can also captured the
photo from the camera that are in mobile.
6) Photographers
 In today’s age, lots of mobile phones are available which having
digital camera inside so that he can use it in their profession life and
he can also use it in their personal use also.

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