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1-3 Accident and Loss Statistics

Statistik kecelakaan dan kehilangan adalah ukuran penting dari efektivitas program
keselamatan. Statistik ini berharga untuk menentukan apakah suatu proses aman atau apakah
prosedur keselamatan bekerja secara efektif.
Banyak metode statistik yang tersedia untuk menggambarkan kinerja kecelakaan dan
kehilangan. Statistik ini harus digunakan dengan hati-hati. Seperti kebanyakan statistik
mereka hanya rata-rata dan tidak mencerminkan potensi episode tunggal yang melibatkan
kerugian besar. Sayangnya, tidak ada satupun Metode ini mampu mengukur semua aspek
yang diperlukan. Tiga sistem yang dipertimbangkan di sini adalah :
 OSHA Insiden Rate (berdasarkan cedera dan PAK)
Angkacedera∧PAK x 200.000
Rumus : OSHA incident rate =
Total jam kerja karyawan selama periode yg berlaku
Angka kehilangan hari kerja x 200.000
OSHA incident rate =
Total jam kerja karyawan selama periode yg berlaku
 FAR
8
Angka korban jiwa x 10
FAR =
Total jam kerja karyawan selama periode yg berlaku
 Fatality rate
Angka korban jiwa per tahun
Fatality rate =
Jumlah orang pada populasi

Contoh Soal :
1. Seorang karyawan bekerja di pabrik dengan FAR dari 4. Jika karyawan ini bekerja shift
4 jam, 200 hari per tahun, berapa kematian yang diharapkan per orang per tahun?
Jawab :
Deaths per person per year = (4hr/day) x (200days/year) x (4 deaths/108 hr)
= 3,2 x 10-5
2. Kyk e kok penak tp aku muales mikir hmm
3. Assuming that a car travels at an average speed of 50 miles per hour, how many miles
must be driven before a fatality is expected?
Jawab :
Berdasarkan tabel 1-4 FAR travelling by car adalah 57deaths /108hour
Speed = 50 km/h
A death will occur every 108/57 = 1.75 x 106 hours.
Therefore, distance before a death occur = 50miles x 1,75 x 106 hour = 87.5 x 106 miles
4. A worker is told her chances of being killed by a particular process are 1 in every 500
years. Should the worker be satisfied or alarmed? What is the FAR (assuming normal
working hours) and the deaths per person per year? What should her chances be,
assuming an average chemical plant?
Jawab :
Number of fatalities x 10 8
FAR =
Total hours worker by all employees during period convered
1 x 108
= work hours
500 years x 50 x 40
year week
= 100

Untuk FAR pada chemical plant adalah 4 deaths/108hours


Deaths per person per year = (2000hrs) x (4 deaths/108 hr)
= 8 x 10-5
1
Lalu, years/death = = 12500
8 x 10−5
Maka, peluangnya hanya 1 dari 12500 per tahunnya
Pekerja harus puas/merasa baik.
5. A plant employs 1500 full-time workers in a process with a FAR of 5. How many
industrial relate deaths are expected each year?
Jawab :
Asumsi 8hrs, 250days/year (Dari buku pokoke asumsi 2000hrs) Lek buku atek (50 work
weeks/year X 40 hours/week)
Number of fatalities x 10 8
FAR =
Total hours worker by all employees during period convered
Angka k ematian di industri x 108
5=
1500 x 8 hrs x 250 days / year
15 x 106
Angka kematian di industri = = 0,15
108
6. gapaham
7. mlz to le le gpt
8. The airline industry claims commercial airline transport has fewer deaths per mile than
any other means of transportation. Do the accident statistics support this claim (i) ? In
1984
the airline industry posted 4 deaths per 10,000,000 passenger miles. What additional
information is required to compute a FAR (ii)? a fatality rate (iii) ?
Jawab :
(i) Tabel 1-4
(ii) Berdasarkan tabel 1-4 FAR dari pesawat adalah 240deaths /108hour
Untuk menghitung FAR, memerlukan total hours exposed dan kecepatan rata-rata
(Asumsi kecepatan rata-rata = 200 MPH)
1 x 107
Total hours exposed =
200 miles/hours
= 50.000 hours
For an average chemical plant FAR = 4 deaths per 108hours

Number of fatalities x 10 8
FAR =
Total hours worker by all employees during period convered

4 x 108
=
50000 hours
= 8000
(iii)
A fatality rate memerlukan total jumlah penumpang pada 10.000.000 miles
Asumsi tiap perjalanan rata-rata 300 miles
107 miles
Total passangers =
3 00 miles/ person
= 33333 passangers
Number of fatalities per year
Fatality rate =
Total number of people∈applicable population
4
=
33333
= 1,2 x 10-4
9. A university has 1200 full-time employees. In a particular year this university had 38
reportable lost-time injuries with a resulting 274 lost workdays. Compute the OSHA
incidence rate based on injuries and lost workdays.
Jawab :
Asumsi 8hrs, 250days/year (Dari buku pokoke asumsi 2000hrs) Lek buku atek (50 work
weeks/year X 40 hours/week)
38 x 200.000
OSHA incident rate (Based on injuries) = = 3,17
1200 x 8 hrs x 250 days/ year
274 x 200.000
OSHA incident rate (Based on lost workdays) = = 22,83
1200 x 8 hrs x 250 days/ year
10. Enek ndk buku kyke tp aku mlz hehe😊
11. A
12. A
13. A
14. A
15. A
16. A
17. A
18. A
19. A
20. A
21. aku tidak bisa
22. Mendesain kontrol panel yang mudah dipahami, Mendesain pabrik yang mudah dan
selamat pada perawatan, memisahkan antara sistem dan ruang kontrol (halaman 22)
23. tidak bisa aku
24. tidak bisa aku
25. Another way of measuring accident performance is by the LTIR, or lost-time injury rate.
This is identical to the OSHA incidence rate based on incidents in which the employee is
unable to continue their normal duties. A plant site has 1200 full-time employees
working 40 hr/week and 50 weeks/yr. If the plant had 2 lost-time incidents last year,
what is the LITR?
Jawab :
Number of lost incidents
LTIR = x ( 200000 hrs )
Total hours worked
Total hours worked = 1200 employees x 40 hrs/week x 50 week/year
= 2,4 x 106 hours
2 x 200000 hrs
LTIR =
2,4 x 10 6 hrs
= 0,167 (low)
26. Bener jawabane mas penjus (halaman 10)
27. ohh tidak bisa
28. tidak bisa aku
29. Permasalahan : tidak bisa mengidentifikasi bahaya sebaiknya dari awal diberi label /
msds yang berisi tentang identifikasi bahaya serta jenis yang terkandung dalam tangki
30. Permasalahan : Dikejar produk mau nekat ambil alat dengan tidak menekan garis:
sebaiknya tetap mengikuti SOP agar tidak menimbulkan bahaya, apabila bahaya
dibiarkan bisa mengganggu produksi sebaiknya masalah pengiriman dikonsultasikan
terhadap tim produksi

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