Laporan Praktikum Pengenalan Reaksi Kation dan Anion

DAFTAR ISI
DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................................. ii
DAFTAR GAMBAR................................................................................................ v
DAFTAR TABEL..................................................................................................... vii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN......................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang.................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Tujuan Percobaan............................................................................................. 1
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.............................................................................. 2
2.1 Analisa Kualitatif.............................................................................................. 2
2.2 Kation............................................................................................................... 2
2.3 Klasifikasi Golongan Kation............................................................................ 3
2.3.1 Kation Golongan I..................................................................................... 3
2.3.2 Kation Golongan II.................................................................................... 3
2.3.3 Kation Golongan III................................................................................... 3
2.3.4 Kation Golongan IV.................................................................................. 4
2.3.5 Kation Golongan V.................................................................................... 4
2.4 Anion................................................................................................................ 4
2.5 Klasifikasi Golongan Anion............................................................................. 4
2.5.1 Penggolongan anion pada umumnya......................................................... 4
2.5.2 Penggolongan anion berdasarkan reaksi redoks........................................ 5
2.5.3 Penggolongan anion ini berdasarkan reaksi dengan zat tertentu............... 5
BAB III METODE PERCOBAAN......................................................................... 6
3.1 Skema Percobaan Kation.................................................................................. 6
3.1.1 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Ag+ ).................................................. 6
3.1.2 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Pb2+)................................................... 7
3.1.3 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Hg2+).................................................. 8
3.1.4 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Cu2+).................................................. 8
3.1.5 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (As3+)................................................... 9
3.1.6 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Sn2+)................................................... 9
3.1.7 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Fe2+)................................................... 10
3.1.8 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Fe3+)................................................... 10

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 Laporan Praktikum Pengenalan Reaksi Kation dan Anion

3.1.9 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Al3+)................................................... 11

3.1.10 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Ni2+)................................................... 11
3.1.11 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Zn2+)................................................... 12
3.1.12 Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Ba2+).............................................................. 12
3.1.13 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Ca2+)................................................... 12
3.1.14 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Mg2+)................................................. 13
3.1.15 Pengenalan reaksi kation (NH4+)............................................................... 13
3.2 Skema Percobaan Anion................................................................................... 13
3.2.1 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (HCO3-)................................................ 13
3.2.2 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (S2O32-)................................................. 14
3.2.3 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (Cl-)...................................................... 15
3.2.4 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (Br-)...................................................... 16
3.2.5 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (I-)........................................................ 17
3.2.6 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion [Fe(CN)6]3-........................................... 17
3.2.7 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (SCN-).................................................. 18
3.2.8 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (S2-)...................................................... 19
3.2.9 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (CH3COO-).......................................... 20
3.2.10 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (SO32-).................................................. 20
3.2.11 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (CO32-).................................................. 21
3.2.12 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (C2O42-)................................................. 21
3.2.13 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (PO43-).................................................. 21
3.2.14 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (NO3-)................................................... 22
3.2.15 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (SO42-).................................................. 22
3.2.16 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (F-)....................................................... 23
3.2.17 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (B4O72-)................................................. 23
3.2.18 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion Fe(CN)64-.............................................. 24
3.2.19 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (MnO4-)................................................ 24
3.2.20 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi (CrO42-)........................................................... 25
3.2.21 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (C6H5O73-)............................................. 25
3.2.22 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (C7H5O2-).............................................. 26
3.3 Alat dan Bahan Percobaan................................................................................ 26

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 Laporan Praktikum Pengenalan Reaksi Kation dan Anion

3.3.1 Alat percobaan........................................................................................... 26

3.3.2 Bahan percobaan........................................................................................ 26
3.4 Gambar Alat...................................................................................................... 28
BAB IV HASIL PERCOBAAN DAN PEMBAHASAN....................................... 29
4.1 Data Hasil Percobaan........................................................................................ 29
4.2 Pembahasan dan Diskusi.................................................................................. 51
BAB V PENUTUP.................................................................................................... 70
5.1 Kesimpulan....................................................................................................... 70
5.2 Saran................................................................................................................. 70
DAFTAR PUSTAKA............................................................................................... 71
LAMPIRAN

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 Laporan Praktikum Pengenalan Reaksi Kation dan Anion

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3.1 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Ag+ )........................................... 6
Gambar 3.2 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Pb2+)............................................ 7
Gambar 3.3 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Hg2+)........................................... 8
Gambar 3.4 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Cu2+)........................................... 8
Gambar 3.5 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (As3+)............................................ 9
Gambar 3.6 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Sn2+)............................................ 9
Gambar 3.7 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Fe2+)............................................ 10
Gambar 3.8 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Fe3+)............................................ 10
Gambar 3.9 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Al3+)............................................ 11
Gambar 3.10 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Ni2+)............................................ 11
Gambar 3.11 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Zn2+)............................................ 12
Gambar 3.12 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Ba2+)............................................ 12
Gambar 3.13 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Ca2+)............................................ 12
Gambar 3.14 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Kation (Mg2+)........................................... 13
Gambar 3.15 Skema Pengenalan reaksi kation (NH4+)............................................. 13
Gambar 3.16 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (HCO3-)........................................ 13
Gambar 3.17 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (S2O32-).......................................... 14
Gambar 3.18 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (Cl-)............................................... 15
Gambar 3.19 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (Br-)............................................... 16
Gambar 3.20 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (I-)................................................. 17
Gambar 3.21 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion [Fe(CN)6]3-.................................... 17
Gambar 3.22 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (SCN-)........................................... 18
Gambar 3.23 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (S2-)............................................... 19
Gambar 3.24 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (CH3COO-).................................... 20
Gambar 3.25 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (SO3-)............................................ 20
Gambar 3.26 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (CO32-)........................................... 21
Gambar 3.27 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (C2O42-).......................................... 21
Gambar 3.28 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (PO43-)........................................... 21
Gambar 3.29 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (NO3-)............................................ 22
Gambar 3.30 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (SO42-)........................................... 22

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 Laporan Praktikum Pengenalan Reaksi Kation dan Anion

Gambar 3.31 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (F-)................................................ 23

Gambar 3.32 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (B4O72-).......................................... 23
Gambar 3.33 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion Fe(CN)64-....................................... 24
Gambar 3.34 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (MnO4-)......................................... 24
Gambar 3.35 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi (CrO42-)..................................................... 25
Gambar 3.36 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (C6H5O73-)...................................... 25
Gambar 3.37 Skema Pengenalan Reaksi Anion (C7H5O2-)....................................... 26
Gambar 3.38 Tabung reaksi..................................................................................... 28
Gambar 3.39 Penjepit............................................................................................... 28
Gambar 3.40 Sikat.................................................................................................... 28
Gambar 3.41 Pemanas dan Panci............................................................................. 28
Gambar 3.42 Pipet Tetes.......................................................................................... 28

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 Laporan Praktikum Pengenalan Reaksi Kation dan Anion

DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Data Hasil Percobaan Kation.................................................................... 29
Tabel 4.2 Data Hasil Percobaan Anion..................................................................... 37

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