Metoda Penyelesaian Akar akar Persamaan

1 Metoda Grafik / Tabel Chart Title

f(x) = 2x + e2x

x y
-1 -1.8646647
-0.9 -1.6347011 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6
-0.8 -1.3981035
-0.7 -1.153403
-0.6 -0.8988058
-0.5 -0.6321206
-0.4 -0.350671
-0.3 -0.0511884
-0.2 0.27032005
-0.1 0.61873075
0 1

AKAR AKARNYA : x1 = -0.28

2 Metoda Interpolasi Linear / Metoda Regula Falsi

Dapatkan akar positip dari persamaan sampai dengan 2 desimal :

f(x) = 2x + e2x

Grafik berpotongan kira kira pada X = -0.28

dibuat tabel

x -0.5 -0.3 -0.2

f(x) -0.6321206 -0.051188 0.27032

Syarat : f(X1) < 0 dan f(X2) > 0 atau

f(X1) > 0 dan f(X2)< 0 , maka ada akar riil yang terletak
antara X1 dan X2

Akarnya : X1 = -0.3 f(X1 )= -0.0511884

X2 = -0.2 f(X2) = 0.27032005

f(X2)
X3 = X2 - (X2 - X1)
f(X2)- f(X1)
 No. X1 X2 X3 f(X1) f(X2) f(X3)
1 -0.5 -0.2
2 -0.3 -0.2
3 -0.2 -0.2

Akar persamaan : x1 = Angka kesalahan =

3 Metoda Bolzano / Interval Having / Metoda Bagi Dua (tertutup)

Dapatkan akar positip dari persamaan sampai dengan 2 desimal :

f(x) = 2x + e2x
Grafik berpotongan kira kira pada X = -0,28

a1 -1
b1 0
m1 -0.5
h1 0.5

n hn mn f(mn)
1 0.5 -0.5 -0.63 bila f(mnn) ilainya negatip, maka mn +hn
2 0.25 -0.25 0.11 bila f(mnn) ilainya positip , maka mn -hn
3 0.125 -0.375 -0.28
4 0.0625 -0.3125 -0.09
5 0.03125 -0.28125 0.01
6 0.015625 -0.296875 -0.04
7 0.0078125 -0.289063 -0.02
8 0.00390625 -0.285156 0.00

Akar persamaan : x1 = -0.2852 Angka kesalahan = 0

4 Metoda Secant (paling cepat) (terbuka)

Salah satu cara untuk memperbaiki metoda interpolasi linear

No. X1 X2 X3 f(X1) f(X2) f(X3)

1 0 0.1 -0.237303 1 1.421403 0.147525
2 0.1 -0.237303 -0.276365 1.42140276 0.147525 0.022647
3 -0.2373027 -0.276365 -0.283449 0.1475252 0.022647 0.000384
4 -0.276365 -0.283449 -0.283571 0.02264684 0.000384 1E-06
-0.283449 -0.283571 -0.283572 0.00038437 1E-06 4.459E-11

Akar persamaan : x1 = -0.2835716 Angka kesalahan =

5 Metoda Newton Raphson (banyak digunakan)

f(x) = 2x + e2x
f'(x) = 2e2X+2

No. X f(X) f'(X)

1 0 1 4
2 -0.2500 0.10653 3.21306
3 -0.1110 0.57905 3.60195
4 -0.1916 0.29859 3.36345
5 -0.1457 0.45571 3.49434
6 -0.1721 0.36452 3.41752
-0.1570 0.41643 3.46096
-0.1657 0.38655 3.43586
-0.1607 0.40364 3.45019
-0.1636 0.39382 3.44195
-0.1619 0.39945 3.44667
-0.1629 0.39622 3.44396
-0.1623 0.39807 3.44551
-0.1627 0.39701 3.44462
-0.1625 0.39762 3.44513
-0.1626 0.39727 3.44484
-0.1625 0.39747 3.44501
ar Persamaan
Chart Title
1.5

0.5

0
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0
-0.5

-1

-1.5

-2

-2.5
negatip, maka mn +hn
positip , maka mn -hn

f(X2) (X2 -
X3 = X2 -
f(X2)- f(X1) X1)

4.458633E-11
 MTK SPL

1. Metoda Inversi

2x1+x2+4x3=8
3x1+2x2+x3=10
x1+3x2+3x3=8

1. Persamaan dalam bentuk matriks

2 1 4 x1 8
3 2 1 x2 = A-1 . 10
1 3 3 x3 8

2. Menghitung Determinan

2 1 4 2 1 4
3 2 1 3 2 1
1 3 3 1 3 3

Notasi tanda +, - , +
|A| = +2 [(2x3)-(1x3)] - 1[(3x3)-(1x1) + 4 [(3x3)-(2x1)]
|A| = 26
3. Menghitung Cofactor (tanda : + - + - dst...)

2 1 4 2 1 4
3 2 1 3 2 1
1 3 3 1 3 3

= 3 = -8

2 1 4 2 1 4
3 2 1 3 2 1
1 3 3 1 3 3
= 9 = 2

2 1 4 2 1 4
3 2 1 3 2 1
1 3 3 1 3 3

= -7 = 10
2 1 4
3 2 1
1 3 3

2 1 4
3 2 1
1 3 3

= 7

2 1 4
3 2 1
1 3 3
= -5

2 1 4
3 2 1
1 3 3

= 1
 MTK SPNL

Selesaikan sistem persamaan non-linier berikut dengan metode iterasi Newton Raphson.

f1(x, y ) = u = 2x+ 2x2y– 72= 0

f2(x, y ) = v = 2y2+ 2xy–24 = 0
Gunakan e= 0,000005 dan tebakan awal x0= 1 dan y0= 4

u0 = 2+8-72=62
v0= 32+8-24=16

ժu ժu0
= 2 + 4xy = 18
ժx ժx

ժu ժu0
= 2x2 = 2
ժy ժy

ժv ժv0
= 2y = 8
ժx ժx
f1(x, y ) = u = x2+ xy– 10 = 0
ժv ժv0 f2(x, y ) = v = y+ 3xy2–57 = 0
= 4y + 2x = 18
ժy ժy
r xr
0 1
1 -2.7273
2 -2.4941
3 -2.4451
4 -2.3849
5 -2.3167
6 -2.2424
7 -2.1648
8 -2.0866
9 -2.0103
10 -1.9377
11 -1.8697
12 -1.8068
13 -1.7489
14 -1.6957
15 -1.647
ton Raphson.

= u = x2+ xy– 10 = 0
= v = y+ 3xy2–57 = 0

yr ur vr ժur/ժx ժur/ժy ժvr/ժx ժvr/ժy | |e rhy|

4 62 16 18 2 8 18 erhx|
5.506494 9.91478 6.60752 -58.071 14.876 11.013 16.5714 -1.3667 0.27358491
5.496817 -3.6142 9.01085 -52.838 12.441 10.9936 16.9991 -0.0935 0.00176046
5.643523 -4.5182 12.1003 -53.197 11.9574 11.287 17.6838 -0.02 0.02599546
5.825439 -5.7324 16.0852 -53.573 11.3756 11.6509 18.5319 -0.0253 0.03122797
6.047386 -7.0857 21.1217 -54.04 10.7343 12.0948 19.5561 -0.0294 0.03670136
6.310672 -8.5344 27.3468 -54.605 10.0569 12.6213 20.7579 -0.0331 0.04172068
6.614336 -10.007 34.8618 -55.274 9.37245 13.2287 22.1278 -0.0359 0.0459099
6.955167 -11.436 43.7234 -56.051 8.70781 13.9103 23.6475 -0.0375 0.04900404
7.328328 -12.765 53.9438 -56.93 8.08299 14.6567 25.2926 -0.0379 0.0509204
7.728182 -13.964 65.4993 -57.901 7.50961 15.4564 27.0373 -0.0375 0.0517397
8.149053 -15.022 78.3407 -58.947 6.99192 16.2981 28.8567 -0.0364 0.05164658
8.58575 -15.943 92.4048 -60.051 6.52904 17.1715 30.7294 -0.0348 0.05086303
9.033827 -16.739 107.622 -61.196 6.11711 18.0677 32.6376 -0.0331 0.04959995
9.489642 -17.425 123.923 -62.368 5.75101 18.9793 34.5671 -0.0313 0.04803288
9.950299 -18.017 141.24 -63.553 5.4253 19.9006 36.5072 -0.0296 0.04629582
rh = relatif hampiran