ABSTRAK

Kulit udang dan kulit singkong merupakan limbah padat yang dihasilkan industri
rumahan. Kulit singkong mengandung 45-59% pati, sedangkan kulit udang
mengandung protein (25%-40%), kitin (15%-20%), dan kalsium karbonat (45%-
50%). Pati kulit singkong dan kitosan memliki potensi untuk diformulasikan
menjadi bioplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio
larutan pati kulit singkong dan larutan kitosan pada pembuatan film bioplastik
menggunakan plastizicer sorbitol yang mengacu kepada SNI No.7188.7.2016.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah melt intercalation. Pembuatan film
bioplastik melalui dua tahap yaitu preparasi bahan baku dan pembuatan film
bioplastik dengan rasio pati kulit singkong/kitosan (1:0, 1:0.25, 1:0.5, 1:1, dan
0;1) w/w. Bahan baku berupa kulit singkong diesktrak menjadi pati kemudian
dibuat larutan pati (CS) 1% (w/w) dan kulit udang diproses dengan deasitilasi
kitin menjadi kitosan lalu dibuat larutan kitosan (CH) 1% (w/w). Larutan CS dan
CH dicampur dengan diaduk dan dipanaskan pada temperatur 75 oC selama 30
menit kemudian ditambahkan sorbitol 1% (w/wt) lalu dicetak dan dikeringkan
pada temperatur 75oC selama 15 jam. Hasil yang diperoleh pada variasi 1:1
dengan kuat tarik 5.1 MPa, persen perpanjangan 4.8%, daya serap air 32,14% dan
biodegradasi sebesar 64,47%. Uji kualitas film bioplastik yang diperoleh pada
penelitian ini belum mencapai SNI No.7188.7.2016.

Kata kunci: Bioplastik, Kitosan, Pati Kulit singkong, Sorbitol

Cassava skins and srimph skins are solid waste processed by home industry.
Cassava starch contains 45-59% starch, while shrimp skins contain protein (25%-
40%), chitin (15%-20%), and calcium carbonate (45% -50%). Cassava skin and
chitosan skin have the potential to be formulated into bioplastics. This study aims
to determine the effect of the ratio of cassava starch solution and chitosan solution
in making bioplastic films using sorbitol plastizicer which refers to SNI
No.7188.7.2016. The research method used is melt intercalation. Bioplastic film
making through two stages, namely the preparation of raw materials and
bioplastic film making with cassava starch and chitosan ratio (1:0, 1:0.25, 1:0.5,
1:1, and 0;1)w/w. The raw material in the form of cassava skin is extracted into
starch afterward made a cassave starch solution (CS) 1% (w/w) and shrimp skin
are processed by deacitylating chitin into chitosan afterward made a chitosan
solution (CH) 1% (w/w). CS and CH solutions were mixed by stirring and heated
at 75oC for 30 minutes then sorbitol added 1% (w/wt) later on molded and dried at
75oC for 15 hours. The results obtained at 1:1 variation with 5.1 MPa tensile
strength, percent elongation 4.8%, water absorption 32.14% and biodegradation
amounted to 64.47%. The quality test of bioplastic films obtained in this study has
not yet reached SNI No.7188.7.2016

Keywords: bioplastic, Chitosan, Cassava strach, Sorbitol