First Print: May 2020

Production Team Subodha M. Malawa Arachchi

(Lecturer and Trainer -HT)
Dilshani Nugawela

Cover design Derick Reaper Collective

Graphic designing Yohan Sooriyabandara

Type setting
and Layout Tiffany Ferdinands

Printing Sethu Creations

Published by:
Women and Media Collective, No. 56/1, Sarasavi
Lane, Castle Street, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka.

Phone: + 94-11-2690201 / 5632045 / 5635900 Fax:

+94-11-2690192

Email: wmcsrilanka@gmail.com

Facebook: Women and Media Collective (WMC)

Twitter : @womenandmedia

You Tube: Women and Media Collective

Supported by The Asia Foundation

This publication was funded by a grant from the United States
Department of States. The opinions, findings and
conclusionsstated herein are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect those of the United State Department of State.
 12 Facts about Human Trafficking
01. Human Trafficking is one of the most fastest-
growing illegal industries.
02. It has certain perspectives of “Modern
Slavery”
03. It is estimated that between 20 to 40 million
people have been trafficked in the world
annually.
04. It is estimated that Human Trafficking make a
profit of about $ 150 million per year
(Approximately Rs. 28 million)
05. Its intention is to exploit a person.
06. How the victim comes to the location is not
relevant.
07. Human Trafficking can occur within and across
national borders.
08. In most instances the main aim to traffic a
person is a monetary gain or similar profits.
09. Its an organized crime.
10. Trafficking is considered a grave crime around
the world.
11. No person can consent to be exploited so the
consent of the victim does not matter.
12. Globally an estimated 71% of enslaved re
women and girls, while men and boys account
to 29%.

Concept of Human Trafficking

Human Trafficking was adopted as a supplementary
protocol to the "United Nations Convention against
Transnational Organized Crimes 2000". This is called
the “UN protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish
Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and
Children”. This is also known as the Palermo Protocol.
 Trafficking as defined under Article
3 of the UN protocol;
“Trafficking in persons”- shall mean the recruitment,
transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of
persons, by means of threat or use of force or other
forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of
deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of
vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments
or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having
control over another person, for the purpose of
exploitation.”

Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the

exploitation of the prostitution of others or other
forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or
services, slavery or practices similar to slavery,
servitude or the removal of organs.

There are 3 elements that make up

the crime of Human Trafficking.
Acts Means Purpose

Recruitment Threat Sexual

Transportation Force exploitation
Transfer Coercion Forced labor
Harbor Abduction Slavery
Receipt of Fraud Servitude
Person Organ removal
Deception
Abuse of power
Abuse the position
of vulnerability

Important
If the victim is an adult, all three elements need to be
proven for a conviction in a court of law.

If the victim is a child, it is sufficient to prove only

“Act” and “Purpose” for a conviction in a court of law.
 Sri Lankan legal framework

In 2006 The Penal Code of Sri Lanka was amended to

include the crime of Human Trafficking as defined in
Palermo Protocol. Act No 16 of 2006 section 360 (c)
thereby strengthened the prevailing laws to this
crime.

Special Legal Provision in relation to

Children is provided in 360 c [1]

As defined in Section 360 C (3); “Child” means a

person under eighteen years (18) of age;

Section 360C (2) provides the “Punishment” for a

person who engages in Human Trafficking crime;

Prison Time Adult Child

Minimum 2 years 3 years
Maximum 20 years 20 years
Fine Yes Yes

Institutional Framework established

in Sri Lanka for
preventing Human Trafficking

The National Anti-Human Trafficking Task force is the

highest authority in Sri Lanka on issues of trafficking in
persons. It was established in 2010 with the mandate;
to identify, assist, protect victims and take actions
against Human.
 Members of National Anti-Human Trafficking
= Ministries with the following subject:
= Ministry of Justice
= Ministry Foreign Affairs
= Attorney General's Department
= Crime Division Sri Lanka Police
= Department of Immigration and Emigration
= Ministry Foreign Employment
= Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment
(SLBFE)
= Criminal Investigation Department
= Ministry of Child and Women's Affairs
= Women and Child Bureau – Sri Lanka Police
= Department of Labor
= National Child Protection Authority
= Department of Probation and Child care Services
= Ministry of Defense
= Chief Judicial Medical officer

Combating
Human
Trafficking

Protection Prevention Prosecution Partnership

Proactive Target public Identify sector Build national
screening of awareness specific and regional
workers. campaigns to practices of partnerships
educate exploitation. between key
Training front communities. stakeholders.
line Develop
responders evidence-
how to detect based policy.
and respond
to cases.
 Forms of Trafficking

Forced
prostitution

Child abduction
Organ removal

Forced marriage
Forced labor

Sale of humans
Forced begging

Who is more vulnerable to being trafficked?

MEN, WOMEN AND CHILDREN

CAN BE VICTIMS OF
HUMAN TRAFFICKING.

VULNERABLE POPULATIONS
People who are hungry,
Runaways poor, in debt
and Orphans

Immigrants

Victims of physical and

sexual abuse

People with juvenile or

criminal history

Drug addicts or alcoholics

 Who is being trafficked?

Labour exploitation Sexual exploitation

in the private economy in the private economy

Source International Labour Organization

How does Human Trafficking Affect Sri Lanka?

External Internal

Country of Origin Temporary workers -

Labourer's
Sri Lankans exploited in
labour migration and Sex Workers
in tourism.
Spa workers
Country of Transit
Beggars
Foreign nationals brought
Sri Lanka and temporarily Informal sector workers
kept, till they are sent to
another country. Child sex workers in the
tourism trade
Country of Destination

Foreign nationals are

brought to Sri Lanka for
employment and exploited.

It is identified that Sri Lanka is used as a country of

origin, transit country and destination country for trafficking
 Why it is important to identify a
victim of Human Trafficking accurately

= To provide appropriate and essential services to

the victims.
= To rescue other victims who are trapped in the
same criminal network.
= To identify criminal network and act against it.
= To identify vulnerable areas and vulnerable
communities
= To identify new trends and patterns of the crime.
= To refer incidents to the authorities.
= To support proper investigations and thereby
expedite trial of criminals resulting in
prosecutions.

Recording and Reporting of Complaints

Documenting Referring
Receiving and classifying victims to
the the complaint relevant stake
complaint using the holders depending
checklist on the need

Use of checklist to identify a victim of Human

The cases or incidents related to Human Trafficking
are much more complex and can be difficult in
identifying and categorizing those incidents as
Human Trafficking crimes.
A checklist has been developed by the National Anti-
human trafficking Task Force to be used as a tool in
identification of potential victims.
A sample checklist will be provided with this booklet
for reference.*
How can you record and report complaints?

= Use the checklist provided to identify a potential

victim of trafficking.
= As a first responder you can refer the victim to
services once the preliminary identification is
done.
= With the consent of the potential victim, refer
the incident for investigation by reporting to law
enforcement authorities.
= The written complaint can be sent to the CID unit
mandated to investigate TIP cases.
= If the potential victim does not want to report to
law enforcement, refer him/her to other services
but document cases for better understanding
the nature of the crime and vulnerable
communities.

Securing confidentiality and privacy

The Individuals or parties who work with victims of

Human Trafficking need to ensure that privacy of the
victims and confidentiality of information is well
secured and given priority.

Referring victims

Identifying a
potential victim

Provide basic Medical Legal

Counselling Shelter
needs - support assistance
Food/Clothes

Refer the complaint

to the nearest
Police station
 Depending on the nature, complaints
can be lodged at:

Trafficking of Foreign
International Nationals in Sri Lanka.
Organization on 0766588688
Migration IOM Sri Lankans trafficked
in other countries

Crime Investigation Regarding any

Department – CID 0112392917 Potential Trafficking
complaint
National Child Regarding children
Protection Authority 1929
being trafficked

Women and Regarding children and

Children's Bureau 0112444444 women being trafficked.

Police Emergency Regarding any potential

119
trafficking complaint

Police Head Quarters 0112421111 Regarding any potential

trafficking complaint
Regarding Sri Lankan
Migrant workers trafficked
Sri Lanka Foreign in other countries.
Employment Bureau 0112884707
Trafficking complaints
in the Pre Departure stage.

Women's Ministry 0112187270 Regarding children and

women being trafficked.
Trafficking of Foreign
Ministry of Foreign Nationals in Sri Lanka.
Affairs- Consular 011446302
Division Sri Lankans trafficked in
other countries
Trafficking of Foreign
Department of Nationals in Sri Lanka.
Immigration 0115329000
and Emigration Sri Lankans trafficked in
other countries
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மனித கடத்தல் தொடர்பான 12 பொருண்மைகள்