HALAMAN JUDUL.......................................................................................

i
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN........................................................................... ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN............................................................................ iii
KATA PENGANTAR.................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL........................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR...................................................................................... ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN............................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang................................................................................. 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah............................................................................ 3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................. 3
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian........................................................................... 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.................................................................... 6
2.1 Tumbuhan Daun Pepaya................................................................. 6
2.1.1 Tinjauan Umum...................................................................... 6
2.1.2 Klasifikasi Daun Pepaya......................................................... 6
2.1.3 Morfologi Tanaman Pepaya................................................... 7
2.2 Nyeri................................................................................................ 11
2.2.1 Pengertian Nyeri..................................................................... 11
2.2.2 Mekanisme terjadinya Nyeri................................................... 12
2.3 Analgetika........................................................................................ 13
2.3.1 Pengertian............................................................................... 13
2.3.2 Jenis-jenis Analgetika............................................................. 13
2.3.3 Metode Pengujian Analgetika................................................. 15
2.3.4 Asam Asetat............................................................................ 16
2.4 Etanol............................................................................................... 16
2.5 Simplisia dan Ekstraksi.................................................................... 17
2.5.1 Pengertian Simplisia............................................................... 17
2.5.2 Pengertian Ekstraksi dan Ekstrak........................................... 18
2.5.3 Tujuan Ekstraksi..................................................................... 19
2.5.4 Metode Ekstraksi.................................................................... 19
 2.5.5 Macam-macam Cairan............................................................ 23
2.6 Taksonomi Hewan Uji Mencit (Mus Musculus).............................. 26
BAB III KERANGKA KONSEP, DEFINISI OPERASIONAL DAN
HIPOTESIS..................................................................................................... 29
3.1 Kerangka Konsep............................................................................. 29
3.2 Definisi Operasional........................................................................ 30
3.3 Hipotesis.......................................................................................... 31
BAB IV METODE PENELITIAN................................................................ 32
4.1 Jenis Penelitian................................................................................ 32
4.2 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian........................................................... 32
4.3 Populasi dan Sampel........................................................................ 32
4.4 Metode Pengambilan Sampel.......................................................... 33
4.5 Rancangan Penelitian....................................................................... 34
4.6 Instrumen Penelitian........................................................................ 34
4.7 Prosedur Penelitian.......................................................................... 35
4.8 Pengumpulan Data........................................................................... 41
4.9 Pengolahan dan Analisis Data......................................................... 41
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Gambar 2.1 Akar Pepaya.................................................................................. 7
Gambar 2.2 Batang Pepaya............................................................................... 7
Gambar 2.3 Daun Pepaya................................................................................. 8
Gambar 2.4 Bunga Pepaya............................................................................... 9
Gambar 2.5 Buah Pepaya................................................................................. 10
Gambar 2.6 Biji Pepaya.................................................................................... 11
Gambar 2.7 Rumus Struktur Etanol.................................................................. 16
Gambar 2.8 Mencit (Mus musculus)................................................................. 26
Gambar 3.1Kerangka Konsep........................................................................... 28
Gambar 4.1.Skema Alur Kerja......................................................................... 39

Tabel 3.1 Definisi Operasional Variable.......................................................... 29