KBK FISIKA MATERIAL

BAHAN MAGNET DAN SUPERKONDUKTOR

D10C.05C7103

Dr. Togar P. Saragi, M.Si

JURUSAN FISIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN BANDUNG
  Semester 7, PILIHAN
 Jadwal Kuliah:
SENIN, 10.00 – 12.30
KELAS, Fi/7Mat
R.203B
Evaluasi:
TUGAS 50 %
PRESENTASI 50 %

Grade:
80 – 100 = A, 68 – 79 = B, 56 -67 = C,
45 – 55 = D, 0 – 44 = E

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 No Mg Materi Sub Pokok Bahasan
MAGNETOSTATIC Pengantar, B, H, M, Syarat Batas,
I ANALYSIS & PERS Review Pers. Maxwell, n Pembagian
MAXWELL Tugas (30/08)
II MOMEN MAGNET Teori Momen Magnet (06/09)
III 13 SEPTEMBER LIBUR (CB)
Diamagnetik, Paramagnetik,
BAHAN MAGNET

IV MOMEN MAGNET Ferromagnetik, Antiferromagnetik,

Ferrimagnetik (20/09)
Magnet Permanen dan Aplikasinya
IV MAGNET PERMANEN
(27/09)
V SOFT MAGNET Soft Magnet dan Aplikasinya (04/10)
VI NANOMAGNETIK Nanomagnetik dan Aplikasinya (11/10)
Metode Preparasi, XRD, SEM,
PREPARASI/KARAKT
VII PERMAGRAPH, VSM
ERISASI
(18/10)
VIII UTS PRESENTASI (25/10)

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 No Mg Materi Sub Pokok Bahasan
Superkonduktor sebagai bahan
diamagnet sempurna, perkembangan
IX Diamagnet Sempurna
SK, type SK, Kedalaman Penetrasi,
Panjang Koherensi, Energy Gap (01/11)
SUPERKONDUKTOR (SK)

X Teori BCS (8/11)

XI Teori Ginburg Landau 15/11
Sifat Magnetik
Superkonduktor,
XII 22/11
Superkonduktor Tc-
Tinggi
Elektrodinamika
XIII 29/11
Superkonduktor
PREPARASI /
XIV 06/12
KARAKTERISASI
XV PRESENTASI 13/12
XVI PRESENTASI 20/12

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 Kajian magnetisme membahas banyak hal mulai
dari pengertian
1. medan magnetik,
2. karakteristik bahan magnetik, dan
3. interaksi antara bahan dan medan magnet.

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Bahan Magnet n
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 (1.5 – 4 T)

BAGAN MESIN MRI

Tubuh manusia: Lemak dan Air. Zat ini memiliki banyak atom-atom hydrogen (~ 63%
hydrogen). Inti hydrogen memiliki sebuah sinyal NMR berkaitan dengan spin partikel inti
tsb. Partikel dengan spin yang berlawanan akan membentuk pasangan untuk
mengeliminasi keberadaan spin yang diobservasi (mis.,. helium). Jadi MRI pada
prinsipnya adalah ketidak berpasangan spin nuklir proton hydrogen. Ketika proton
ditempatkan dalam medan magnetik, proton tsb. akan berperilaku seperti sebuah
magnet (mis., proton akan memiliki kutub utara dan selatan) dan arahnya akan
bersesuaian dengan medan eksternal.
MAGNET: to align the hydrogen nuclei of the tissue to be imaged.
RF COIL : to change the energy state of the hydrogen nuclei and
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to record the RF output of these perturbations 8
 Koil ~ AC. Interaksi ACTUATOR:
perubahan medan magnetik LOUDSPEAKER
koil dengan magnetik
permanen menyebabkan
koil bergerak maju/mundur
sehingga dihasilkan input
signal.

Koil
loudspeaker
dikenal
sebagai
voice coil
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Read head actuator for hard disk

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 Magnetomechanical
1. Magnetic bearing: high systems:
speed: flywheels turbine
2. Magnetic coupling: transmit torque and
motion through barriers (vacuum
chambers walls, storage tanks) when direct
contact with the magnet is not possible. In
industrial: drying oven.

2 type of magnetic bearing:

(a)axial, and (b) radial magnetization with
the same forces. The radial systems is
more stable than the axial, but the axial is
easier to make (ring with axial
anisotropy) and to magnetise.
Two examples of magnetic coupling:
(a) coaxial, and (b) frontal coupling/fece-to-face
Coaxial system is used to transmit large torques. The FF systems the
maximum torque is adjusted by varying yhe spacing between the two
Bahan Magnet n couple part. In low temp: NdFeB or SmCo (most suitable). 11
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 Another Magnetic coupling

The external shaft is magnetically

coupled to a turbine which rotates as
water passes through the meter.
The magnetic transmission operates
with a relatively low transmission
torque.
Magnetic transmission in water
meter.

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 Field sources:
1. Sensor: are installed in certain automobiles. The gear wheel turns with the
wheel of vehicle. At the passing of each tooth, the flux in the pole piece varies,
and thus a voltage is induced in the coil.

ABS Sensors

Magnetic
angular
position
sensor

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 2. Edy current systems: magnet are used in
electrical counter, where the rotating
AlNiCo
disc experience a braking force when in
close to permanen magnet.

speedometer

electric counter

The motor torque ~ current I to measure, is
balanced by that due to the eddy current
brake which is proportional to the angular
velocity.
A revolving cable rotates a magnet inside
an aluminium bell which is stuck to the
needle. The driving torque created is
proportional to the angular velocity of the
wheels.

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 3. Field source: is an ideal constant field source, no external power supply.
Magnet vs superconducting coils in MRI systems.

System which creates a homogenous Halbach cylinder or magic cylinder.

Magnetic field. Pole pieces and The direction of magnetization
Ferromagnetic yoke. changes continuously around the
perimeter of the cylinder … the field
inside the cylinder : constant

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THE EVOLUTION OF MOTORS

Permannet magnet synchronous

Classic structure of a Bipolar DC machine with orthoradial magnet (6
motor poles)

Small brushless dc motor

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 • Perfect conductors, resistivity  = 0 (No Loss)
• Perfect diamagnetic, which means it expels a magnetic field. B=0 di
dalam superkonduktor), =-1.

MeissnerEffect.mp4 - Shortcut.lnk
Courtesy:
http://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=c3asSdngzLs

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 Japan Set to 2025

This magnetic levitation train, which is

under development in Germany, can reach
speeds of 435 km/hr (270 mph).

Magnetic levitation (maglev) trains use

SUPERCONDUCTING COILS vs MAGNETIC
magnetism to lift a few inches off the
ground, or track, removing that nasty
stumbling block of efficiency: friction.
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