RESEARCH PROPOSAL

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

“THINK GLOBALLY AND ACT LOCALLY”

Environment is an sum total of conditions which surround man at

a given point in space and time. In this environment has mainly four segments
such as atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Biosphere is called
eco-system. It consists of forest, ponds, grassland, cropland etc.
In 2008 world health day focused on the need to protect health from
climatic change, hence April 7th 2008 World Health Organization developed a
theme “protecting health from climate change”. International agencies, Non-
governmental organizations, Governments, as well as WHO took collaborative
action to:
• Establish links between climate change, health, and other development
areas such as environment, food, energy, transport.
• Involve a wide spectrum of world population to put effort to stabilize the
climate change.
• Protect poor and vulnerable population from the effects of climate change.

NEED FOR STUDY:

Climate change is an average of weather (temperature, rainfall, droughts,

and heat waves) over a “long” time (more than 2-3 weeks). Increasing temperature
will also lead to changes in many aspects of weather such as wind patterns, the
amount and type of precipitation, and the severity and frequency of extreme
weather events.
 Self-help group members are involved in many healths related activities.
So awareness can be given through SHGs and respective ward councilors in order
to reach everyone in the community.

Sathiajothi Kama raj (The Hindu, 2009), reported that, Self help group to be
involved in spreading awareness on climate change. About 2000 SHGs promoted
to involve in creating awareness on climate change and its cause and effects.
Promoting the awareness on climate change by insisting the SHGs to use of
improved cooking apparatus, solar cookers and biogas.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
 SECTION A : Review related to reasons for climate change

 SECTION B : Review related to general effects and health effects due to

climate change

 SECTION C : Review related to prevention and control measures.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of IEC package on

Knowledge and attitude of health effects due to climate change among Opinion leaders

in a selected urban community, Bangalore

OBJECTIVES

1. To assess the pre and post test level of knowledge and attitude on health effects
due to climate change among opinion leaders in experimental group.

2. To assess the pre and post test level of knowledge and attitude on health effects
due to climate change among opinion leaders in control group.

3. To compare the pre and post test level of knowledge and attitude on health
effects due to climate change among opinion leaders in experimental group.

4. To compare the pre and post test level of knowledge and attitude on health
effects due to climate change among opinion leaders in control group.
 5. To compare the pre and post test level of knowledge and attitude on health
effects due to climate change among opinion leaders between experimental group and
control group.

6. To correlate the mean improvement knowledge score with mean improved

attitude score on health effects due to climate change among opinion leaders in
experimental group and control group.

7. To associate the mean improvement knowledge and attitude score with

selected demographic variables among opinion leaders in experimental group.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITONS

 Effectiveness:

Refers to the outcome of IEC package, administered to opinion leaders regarding

health effects due to climate change as measured by an investigator using structured

questionnaire.

 IEC Package:

Refers to logically designed information to discuss and teach regarding health

effects due to climate change.

 Information

Refers to giving knowledge regarding health effects due to climate change by

lecture method.

 Education

Refers to imparting knowledge regarding reasons and ill effects due to climate

change by video show.

 Communication

Refers to exchange of new ideas regarding preventive and control measures on

climate change by using pamphlets.

 Knowledge

Understanding of the opinion leaders regarding health effects due to climate change

through IEC package.

 Attitude

Refers to opinion or feelings regarding health effects due to climate change elicited

by a five point Likert scale.

 Climate Change

Refers to changes in weather such as extreme temperature (high and low

temperature), rain fall, heat waves and droughts will be persisting for a longer period.

Health Effects

Refers to deviation of normal health status of the human beings due to extreme

temperature, droughts, and rain such as heat stroke, hypothermia, cancer, respiratory

infections and skin allergies.

 Opinion Leaders

Refers to people who are councilors, self help group leaders, youth club leaders,

and teachers residing in an urban community.

 Urban Community

Refers to non rural area which

ASSUMPTIONS
  IEC Package provides adequate knowledge on health effects due to
climate change to the opinion leaders.

 Opinion leaders may play a important role to protect the community from
health effects.

 Certain demographic factors may influence the promotion of health.


NULL HYPOTHESES

NH1: There is no significant difference between the pre test and post test level of
knowledge and attitude on health effects due to climate change among opinion leaders in
experimental group.

NH2: There is no significant difference between the pre test and post test level of
knowledge and attitude on health effects due to climate change among opinion leaders in
control group .

NH3: There is no significant difference between pre and post test level of knowledge on
health effects due to climate change among opinion leaders between experimental group
and control group.

NH4: There is no significant difference between pre and post test level of attitude on
health effects due to climate change among opinion leaders between experimental group
and control group.

NH5: There is no positive correlation between mean improved knowledge score with
mean improved attitude score on health effects due to climate change among opinion
leaders in experimental group.

NH6: There is no significant association of mean improvement level of knowledge and

attitude score with selected demographic variables in experimental group.

DELIMITATION

1. This study will be delimited to a period of 4 weeks.

2. This study will be delimited to opinion leaders only

3. This study will be delimited to selected community setting only.

 4. Sample size limited to 60 opinion leaders only.

PILOT STUDY

Pilot study will be conducted with ten samples of opinion leaders. The purpose of

study is to find out the feasibility of study, design and plan of statistical analysis.

RESEARCH VARIABLES

The variables identified in this study are,

 Independent Variable

IEC package on health effects due to climate change.

 Dependent Variable

Knowledge and attitude of the opinion leaders regarding health effects due to
climate change.

 Demographic Variables

Age, sex, education, occupation, income, religion, social position, hours spending
for social work and organization of program.

MATERIAL AND METHODS(METHODOLOGY)

A Quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of IEC package on

knowledge and attitude of health effects due to climate change among opinion leaders in

a selected urban community, Bangalore.

SOURCES OF DATA

Opinion leaders in selected community setting.

 RESEARCH APPROACH

Quantitative research approach will be used for this study.

RESEARCH DESIGN

Quasi-experimental equivalent control group design

This study fulfills the criteria such as manipulation, control and no randomization.

PRE TEST MANIPULATION POST TEST

O1 X O2

Experimental Assess the knowledge IEC package(lecture Assess the

group & attitude regarding method, video knowledge & attitude
health effects due to show, and regarding health
climate change with pamphlets) on effects due to climate
the help of structured health effects due to change with the help
questionnaire. climate change of structured
questionnaire

Control group Assess the knowledge Assess the

& attitude regarding knowledge & attitude
health effects due to regarding health
climate change with effects due to climate
the help of structured change with the help
questionnaire. of structured
questionnaire

SETTING

The study will be conducted in a selected urban community of Bangalore.

POPULATION

The population comprised of opinion leaders in an urban settings, Bangalore.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION (Including sampling technique)

SAMPLE
 The sample consists of opinion leaders who fulfilled the inclusive criteria and who

are in the selected urban setting. The samples for the study are the opinion leaders’ i.e.

teachers, self-help group leaders, youth club leaders, and ward councilors.

SAMPLE SIZE

Sample size for the study will be 60 opinion leaders, of which 30 are in the

experimental group and 30 samples are in the control group.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The non- probability convenience sampling technique will be used to collect the

samples.

CRITERIA FOR SAMPLE SELECTION

INCLUSIVE CRITERIA

 Opinion leaders (Ward councilors, Self help group leader, Teachers and
youth
club leaders) who can understand and read Kannada and English.

 Opinion leaders who are present during the data collection period.

Exclusive Criteria

 Opinion leaders who had been pre-exposed to the knowledge on health

effects due to climate change.

 Opinion leaders who are not willing to participate in the study.

PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS

Descriptive Statistics
 1. Frequency and percentage distribution will be used to analyze the
demographic data.
2. Mean percentage and standard deviation will be used to compute the level
of knowledge and attitude on health effects due to climate change.
Inferential Statistics
1. Paired ‘t’ test will be used to find out the effectiveness of IEC package.
2. Chi-square test will be used to associate the knowledge with selected
demographic variables.
3. One way ANOVA test will be used for association with demographic
variables.
4. Karl Pearson correlation coefficient
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK:

R
Societal g
Influence