Symbols of good program.

• Easily understood .
• Minimum air cutting.
• Avoid repetition of tools.
• Should be simple and short.
• Considered future tooling changes
feasibility.
• Should not hamper m/c tool life.
 Contents
• What is mean by CNC program ?
• Coordinate measuring systems.
• Dimensioning system.
• CNC programming formats.
• G-CODES (Preparatory functions.)
• M-CODES (Miscellaneous Functions)
• Canned Cycles.
• Subprogram/Subroutine.
• Preparation required before doing program.
• Example of one program.
• Precautionary measures while doing and executing
CNC Program.
 CNC program

• Set of instructions fed to the machine

control in the form of numerical codes
written in particular sequence.
 Example of CNC program.

N10/ (Core drill dia 55)

N20 T1 M6 ;
N30 G0 G90 G54 X200. Y150. ;
N40 G0 G43 H01 Z100. ;
N50 G98 G81 Z-25 R5 F40 ;
N60 G80 G91G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;
 System of coordinates.
• It is used in preparation of part program for
introducing the position of machining.

• It consists of 3 axis ( X,Y&Z)

• There are two types of system of

coordinates.
– M/C coordinate system (G53).
– Workpiece coordinate system (G54-G59).
 System of coordinates.
M/C coordinate system.

• M/c actually moves in its own system of

coordinates called „M/C COORDINATE
SYSTM’.and reference point w.r.t.which it
moves called as „M/C ZERO’
• Generally m/c coordinate system has
machining zone on -ve direction from m/c
zero point.
System of coordinates.
M/C coordinate system.
 System of coordinates.
W/P coordinate system.

• To make machining easy temporary

reference point is taken in m/c coordinate
system this point is called as „WORK
ZERO‟.
• Distances of this temp. point in X,Y&Z
direction from m/c zero called as „ZERO
OFFSET‟
 System of coordinates.
W/P coordinate system.

• Generally this point should be such that all

dimensions on part drawing would be from
that point.
• For e.g. Locating pin center.
System of coordinates.
W/P coordinate system.
 System of dimensioning

G90 (Absolute Dimensioning)

• It is the most common method of dimensioning
our drawings used for part production on CNC
machines.
• In this system all dimensions are taken from a
single point called as „DATUM POINT‟ or
„ORIGIN‟.
• This is denoted by preparatory function G90.
 System of dimensioning

G90 (Absolute Dimensioning)

ADVANTAGES:
• If hole no. 2 is put in
wrong location hole no.3
2 would not be affected.
150.0

100.0
1

3
• Generally our drawings
50.0

50.0
are dimensioned in
100.0

150.0
absolute method so it
becomes very to find out
the co-ordinates .
 System of dimensioning

G91 (Incremental Dimensioning)

• It is very rarely used.

• Generally it is used for machining of
complicated pockets.
• In this system measurement is from hole to hole
• This is denoted by preparatory function G90.
 System of dimensioning
G91 (Incremental Dimensioning)
• If hole no. 2 is put in
wrong location next all
holes will be incorrectly
positioned.
• For doing programming in
50.0 2
incremental mode
50.0 1

3
tremendous calculations
50.0

50.0 50.0 50.0

are required.
• It benefits while doing
subprograms
 System of dimensioning
Example of G90 & G91
G90
N10 G71 ;
Y

N20 G90 ;
N30 G00 X100. Y100. ;
150.0

100.0
N40 X150. Y100. ;
X
100.0

150.0
N50 X150. Y150. ;
N60 X100. Y150. ;
N70 X100. Y100. ;
N80 M30
 Program format
• Format is method of writing set of instructions.
• N10 G01 X10. Y10. F200 S200 T01 M3 ;
SEQUENCE
NO.

PREPARATOTY
FUNCTION

X-COORDINATE
Y COORDINATE

FEED FUNCTION

SPEED FUNCTION
TOOL FUNCTION
MISCLLANEOUS FUNCTION
END OF BLOCK
 G codes
• G-Codes are also called as “Preparatory
functions” as they take active part in part
program execution.
• They are always programmed at the start of
block.
• They decides type of machine movement
,type of interpolation,type of dimension etc.
 Type of G codes
G codes

Modal Blockwise active.

Modal : Which remain active until another G

code of same group is programmed.
Blockwise active : Gcode which remain
active only in that particular block in which it
is programmed.
 G00 (Rapid positioning)

• Position data command programmed after

G00 is traversed at maximum possible
feedrate along a straight line set by machine
tool manufacturer.
• G00 can be programmed as G or G0.
• G00 is modal and canceled with G01 or
G02 or G03.
• On graphic screen G00 appears as a dotted
line.
 G00 (Rapid positioning)
• Example :

To move from point 1 to point 2 command data is given as

G00 X75 Y-20 ;
+Y

15 60
(0,0)
-X +X

20

1
2

-Y
 G01 (Linear interpolation)
• Position data command programmed after G01
is executed at programmed feedrate along a
straight line.
• Movement being made along straight line
joining start point and end point.
• G01 is modal and canceled with G00 , G02 or
G03.
• On graphic screen G01 appears as continuos
line.
 G01(Linear interpolation).
• Example :
To move from point 1 to point 2 command data is given as
G01 X75 Y-20 F20 ;
End of block

Programmed feed rate

Position data

Movement at set feedrate.

+Y

15 60
(0,0)
-X +X

20

1
2

-Y
G02/G03 (Circular interpolation)

• Position data given after G02 or G03 is

executed along a circular path at the set feed
rate.
• The code G02 refers to the circular
interpolation in a clockwise direction.
• The code G03 refers to the circular
interpolation in a Anticlockwise direction.
G02/G03 (Circular interpolation)

• When we write code G02 ,We have to feed

information regarding
-Start point
-End point
-Radius of arc or Circle center point.
Example of G02/G03 with radius.

G02
N10 G01 X40. Y40. ;
(80,80) (80,80) N20 G02 X80. Y80. R40 ;
(40,40) (40,40) G03
N10 G01 X80. Y80. ;
GO2
G03

N20 G03 X40. Y40. R40 ;

 G02/G03 - Circular interpolation
with circle center point
• Here instead of giving radius of circle we have
to mention center point of circle in form of
parameters called I,J&K.
– Where „I‟ --- Distance between starting point of
cutter to the center of arc in „X‟ direction.
– „J‟--- Distance between starting point of cutter to
the center of arc in „Y‟ direction.
– „K‟ --- Distance between starting point of cutter
to the center of arc in „Z‟ direction.
• Values of I,J&K are always incremental.
Example of G02/G03 with
interpolation parameters..

(80,80) G02
N10 G01 X40. Y40. ;
(40,40)
N20 G02 X80. Y80. I40 J0 ;
GO2
 G04 (Dwell)
• It is used to program dwell time in sec.
• Dwell time value is programmed by means
of letter X.
• For e.g. N10 G04 X2 ;
– Means spindle will take dwell of 2 sec. While
executing this line.
• It is blockwise active.
• No other function can be programmed in a
block in which G04 is programmed.
 Cutter radius compensation

• To accommodate difference in programmed

diameter of cutter and actual diameter of
cutter ,cutter compensation concept is used.

• While writing part program it is necessary

to mention that whether cutter
compensation is required in left direction or
right direction.
 Cutter radius compensation
• Following 3 G-codes are used for cutter
radius compensation.
– G41 Compensation applied to shift the cutter
path to left.
– G42 Compensation applied to shift the cutter
path to right.
– G40 To cancel cutter Compensation.
• Direction of shift is decided by looking in
direction of cut.
 Cutter radius compensation

• Advantages :
1.Different dia. of cutters can be used without
changing part program.

2.By using cutter radius compensation job of

programmer becomes simplified because part
program can be developed assuming zero cutter
radius and on actual dimensions of part
drawing.
Cutter radius compensation
G41/G42

Cutter Cutter
center center
line line

G41
G42
Cutter radius compensation
Example

80.0
35.0
35.0
R15.0

95.0
 G70 (Inch unit system)

• It is used to represent inch unit system

• for e.g. N10 G70 G0 X4. ;
– It indicates that X axis will move by 4”.
• For e.g N10 G70 G95 F0.02 ;
– It indicates that tool will move at the feed rate
of 0.02 inch/rev
• This is an modal G code.
 G71 (Metric unit system)

• It is used to represent metric unit system

• for e.g. N10 G71 G0 X4. ;
– It indicates that X axis will move by 4mm.
• For e.g N10 G71 G95 F0.02 ;
– It indicates that tool will move at the feed rate
of 0.02 mm/rev
• This is an modal G code.
 G94 (feed /min)

• When code G94 is programmed CNC

assumes that feed rate value entered under
address F is in mm/min or inch/min.
• for e.g. N10 G94 F100 ;
– It means that tool moves at the rate of
100mm/min or 100 inch/min depends upon
G70/G71.
• This is an modal G code.
 G95 (feed /rev)

• When code G95 is programmed CNC

assumes that feed rate value entered under
address F is in mm/rev or inch/rev.
• for e.g. N10 G94 F0.2 ;
– It means that tool moves at the rate of 0.2
mm/rev or inch/rev depends upon G70/G71.
• This is an modal G code.
 MISCLLANEOUS FUNCTIONS
(M CODES) :

• Miscellaneous function word is used to

specify certain miscellaneous functions
which do not relate to dimensional
movements of the machine.
• For e.g. Spindle start , Spindle stop etc.
 Canned cycle :

• Canned cycle or fixed cycle may be defined

as a set of instructions inbuilt or stored in
the system memory to perform fixed
sequence of operations.

• Canned cycle can be brought into action

with single command and as such reduce
programming time and efforts.
 Canned cycle :

• Canned cycles are used for repetitive and

commonly used machining operations .

• Canned cycles are stored under G code address.

• G81 to G89 are reserved for canned cycles and

G80 for cancellation of canned cycle.
Canned cycle operation
sequence

Operation 1
Initial level 1 : Positioning of axes X&Y.
Operation 2
Operation 6 3 : Hole machining.
4 : Operation at the bottom of hole.
Point R level
5 : Retraction to point R level
6 : Rapid traverse upto initial point.
Operation 3 Operation 5

Operation 4
 Drilling cycle (G81) :

G81(G98) G81(G99)

INITIAL LEVEL

POINT R POINT R POINT 'R' LEVEL

w/p
w/p

POINT 'Z' POINT 'Z'

 Format for Drilling cycle (G81) :
Format : G81 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for Drilling
cycle (G81) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Drilling cycle (G81) :
• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous
function (M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify ‘R’ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed
drilling it can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03
together with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
Counter boring cycle (G82) :
G82(G98) G82(G99)

INITIAL LEVEL

POINT R POINT R POINT 'R' LEVEL

w/p
w/p

P P
POINT 'Z' POINT 'Z'
 Format for Counter boring cycle (G82) :
Format : G82 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ P_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• P_ Dwell time at the bottom of hole.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for counter
boring cycle (G82) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool remains idle at the bottom over the period
mentioned in ‘P’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Counter boring cycle (G82) :

• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous function
(M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify „R‟ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed drilling it
can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03 together
with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
Peck drilling cycle (G83) :

G83(G98) G83(G99)

w/p

Initial level Initial level

R R
Z=0 Z=0
q q

d d

d d
 Format for Peck drilling cycle (G83) :
Format : G83 X_ Y_ Z_ Q_ R_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• Q_ Every cut in value.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for peck drilling
cycle (G83) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool remains idle at the bottom over the period
mentioned in ‘P’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Peck drilling cycle (G83) :

• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous function
(M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify „R‟ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed drilling it
can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03 together
with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
 Tapping cycle (G84) :
G84(G98) G84(G99)

INITIAL LEVEL
spindle
cw
spindle
POINT R cw POINT R POINT 'R' LEVEL
w/p
w/p

spindle spindle
ccw p ccw P
POINT 'Z' POINT 'Z'
 Format for tapping cycle (G84) :
Format : G84 X_ Y_ Z_ Q_ R_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• Q_ Every cut in value.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for tapping
cycle (G84) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool remains idle at the bottom over the period
mentioned in ‘P’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Tapping cycle (G84) :
• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous function
(M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify „R‟ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed drilling it
can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03 together
with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
 Boring cycle (G85) :

G85(G98) G85(G99)

INITIAL LEVEL

POINT R POINT R POINT 'R' LEVEL

w/p
w/p

POINT 'Z' POINT 'Z'

 Format for boring cycle (G85) :
Format : G85 X_ Y_ Z_ Q_ R_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• Q_ Every cut in value.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for boring cycle
(G85) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool remains idle at the bottom over the period
mentioned in ‘P’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Boring cycle (G85) :

• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous function
(M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify „R‟ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed drilling it
can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03 together
with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
 Boring cycle (G86) :
G86(G98) G86(G99)

spindle
cw
INITIAL LEVEL
spindle
cw
POINT R POINT R POINT 'R' LEVEL
w/p
w/p

spindle spindle
stop POINT 'Z' stop POINT 'Z'
 Format for boring cycle (G86) :
Format : G86 X_ Y_ Z_ Q_ R_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• Q_ Every cut in value.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for boring cycle
(G86) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool remains idle at the bottom over the period
mentioned in ‘P’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Boring cycle (G86) :

• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous function
(M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify „R‟ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed drilling it
can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03 together
with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
 Back boring cycle (G87) :
G87(G98) G87(G99)

NOT USED
POINT R
spindle cw

spindle cw
 Format for back boring cycle (G87) :
Format : G87 X_ Y_ Z_ Q_ R_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• Q_ Every cut in value.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for back boring
cycle (G87) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool remains idle at the bottom over the period
mentioned in ‘P’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Back boring cycle (G87) :

• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous function
(M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify „R‟ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed drilling it
can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03 together
with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
 Boring cycle (G88) :
G88(G98) G88(G99)

spindle
cw
INITIAL LEVEL
spindle
cw
POINT R POINT R POINT 'R' LEVEL
w/p
spindle w/p
spindle stop
stop p
p
POINT 'Z' POINT 'Z'
 Format for boring cycle (G88) :
Format : G88 X_ Y_ Z_ Q_ R_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• Q_ Every cut in value.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for boring cycle
(G88) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool remains idle at the bottom over the period
mentioned in ‘P’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Boring cycle (G88) :

• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous function
(M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify „R‟ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed drilling it
can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03 together
with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
 Boring cycle (G89) :
G89(G98) G89(G99)

INITIAL LEVEL

POINT R POINT R POINT 'R' LEVEL

w/p
w/p
P P

POINT 'Z' POINT 'Z'

 Format for boring cycle (G89) :
Format : G89 X_ Y_ Z_ Q_ R_ F_ K_

• X_ Y_ Hole position data.

• Z_ Distance from point R to the bottom of hole.
• R_ Distance from initial level to point ‘R’ level.
• Q_ Every cut in value.
• F_ Cutting feed rate.
• K_ No. of repeats.
 Operation sequence for boring cycle
(G89) :

• Tool is positioned to X&Y axes.

• Rapid traverse is performed upto point ‘R’.
• Drilling is performed from point ‘R’ to point ‘Z’.
• Tool remains idle at the bottom over the period
mentioned in ‘P’.
• Tool is then retracted in rapid traverse upto
point ‘R’ or upto point ‘Z’ depends upon
G98/G99.
 Boring cycle (G89) :

• IMPORTANT POINTS :
1.Before specifying G81 use a miscellaneous function
(M CODE) to rotate the spindle.
2.Specify „R‟ in block that perform drilling .If it is
specified in block that does not performed drilling it
can be stored as MODAL data.
3. In canned cycle mode tool offsets are ignored.
4.Do not specify G codes from G00 To G03 together
with G81 otherwise G81 is canceled.
CANNED CYCLE SUMMARY
CANNED CYCLE SUMMARY
G CODE Drilling Operatio Retractio Application
(- Z n at the n
direction) bottom of (+ Z
hole direction)
G73 Intermittent --- Rapid High speed
feed traverse peck drilling
cycle.
G74 feed Spindle cw feed Left hand
tapping cycle.
G76 feed Oriented Rapid Fine boring
spindle traverse cycle
stop
G81 feed --- Rapid Drilling cycle
traverse
G82 feed dwell Rapid Counter boring
traverse cycle
G83 Intermittent --- Rapid Peck drilling
feed traverse cycle.
G84 feed Spindle feed Tapping cycle
ccw
G85 feed --- feed Boring cycle
G86 feed Spindle Rapid Boring cycle
stop traverse
G87 feed Spindle Manual/ Back boring
stop Rapid cycle
traverse
G88 feed Dwell- Manual/ Boring cycle
Spindle Rapid
stop traverse
G89 feed Dwell- feed Boring cycle
Spindle
stop
 SUBROUTINES
• Also called as SUBPROGRAM.
• These are powerful time saving technique.
• Subroutines provides the capability of
programming certain fixed sequence or
frequently repeated patterns.
• Subroutines are in fact independent
programs with all feature of usual part
program.
• Subroutines are stored in memory under
separate program no.
 SUBROUTINES
• Whenever particular feature is required
within the program, associated subroutine is
called for execution.
• Subroutine may called any time and any
no.of times.
• After execution of subroutine the control
returns to main program .
• To describe and use a subroutine following
information is required in form of code and
symbol.
 SUBROUTINES
• For e.g.
– Start of subroutine.
– End of subroutine.
– A means of calling subroutine.

– For start we will use letter „L‟ followed by any

no. for e.g. „L001‟
– For end we will use a word as „M17‟.
– For calling subroutine any where in main
program by giving just subroutine no. preceded
by letter „L‟.
–
 Example of subroutine.
N10 G91 ;
N20 G01 Z-8. F300 ;
N30 G01 X40. ;
(200,200)
N40 G01 Y40. ;
Y (120,120)
N50 G01 X-40. ;
90.0
50.0
N60 G01 Y-40. ;
X

50.0
90.0 N70 G00 Z8. ;
N80 G90 ;
N90 M17 ;
Introducing subroutine in main
program
N10 G90 G71 G94 S500 M03 ;
N20 G00 X50. Y50. ;
N30 G00 Z5 M08 ;
(200,200) N40 L101 ;
Y (120,120) N50 G00 X120. Y120. ;
90.0
50.0 N60 L101;
X

50.0
90.0
N70 G00 X200. Y200. ;
N80 L101 ;
N90 G00 X0. Y0. Z20. M09
N100 M30 ;
 What programmer has to do ?
• Study the drawing thoroughly.
• Identify type of material to be machined.
• Know the specification and functions of
machine to be used.
• Decide the dimension mode (mm or inches)
• Decide the coordinate system .
• Identify the plane of cutting.
• Know the cutting parameters for job/tool
combinations.
 What programmer has to do ?
• Know the federate programming.
• Check required toolings.
• Establish sequence of machining operations.
• Identify whether use of any special feature
like subroutines is required or not.
Part Program Example.
OPERATIONS TOOLS
• Bore dia 60H7 Core Drill dia 55
B. Bar dia 59.5
B. Bar dia 60

• Drilling dia 10 HSS Drill dia 10

• Tapping M12X1.75 HSS Drill dia 10.8

Tap M12 STD.

• Tapping M10X1.5 HSS Drill dia 8.5

Tap M10 STD.
Part Program Example.

N10/ (Core drill dia 55)

N20 T1 M6 ;
N30 G0 G90 G54 X200. Y150. ;
N40 G0 G43 H01 Z100. ;
N50 G98 G81 Z-25 R5 F40 ;
N60 G80 G91G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;

N70/ (Semifinish Boring bar dia

59.5)
N80 T2 M6 ;
N90 G0 G90 G54 X200. Y150. ;
N100 G0 G43 H02 Z100. ;
N110 G98 G85 Z-25 R5 F40 ;
N120 G80 G91G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;
Part Program Example.

N130/ (Finish bore dia 60)

N140 T3 M6 ;
N150 G0 G90 G54 X200. Y150. ;
N160 G0 G43 H03 Z100. ;
N170 G98 G76 Z-25 R5 Q0.5 F40 ;
N180 G80 G91G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;

N190/ (Drilling dia 10)

N200 T4 M6 ;
N210 G0 G90 G54 X100. Y255. ;
N220 G0 G43 H04 Z100. ;
N230 G99 G81 Z-25 R5 F40 ;
N240 G98 X275. Y50. ;
N250 G80 G91 G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;
Part Program Example.

N260/ (Drill dia 10.25 for M12

tapping)
N270 T5 M6 ;
N280 G0 G90 G54 X380. Y255. ;
N290 G0 G43 H05 Z100. ;
N300 G98 G81 Z-25 R5 F40 ;
N310 G80 G91G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;

N320/ (Tap M12)

N330 T6 M6 ;
N340 G0 G90 G94 G54 X380. Y255. ;
N350 G0 G43 H06 Z100. ;
N360 M29 S100
N370 G98 G84 Z-25 R5 F175 ;
N380 G80 G91 G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;
Part Program Example

N390/ (Drill dia 8.5 for M10

tapping)
N400 T7 M6 ;
N410 G0 G90 G54 X150. Y150. ;
N420 G0 G43 H07 Z100. ;
N430 G99 G81 Z-25 R5 F40 ;
N440 X250. ;
N450 X200. Y200. ;
N460 G98 Y100. ;
N470 G80 G91G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;
Part Program Example

N480/ (Tap M10)

N490 T8 M6 ;
N500 G0 G90 G94 G54 X150. Y150. ;
N510 G0 G43 H08 Z100. ;
N520 M29 S100
N530 G99 G84 Z-25 R5 F150 ;
N540 X250. ;
N550 X200. Y200. ;
N560 G98 Y100. ;
N570 G80 G91 G28 X0. Y0. Z0. ;
 Precautions while doing or
executing CNC PROGRAM.

• Always add point ( . ) at the end of each

coordinate value of axes.
For e.g. X200. , Y 50.
• While replacing any tool from m/c check
always tool offset and feed correctly.
• Always run first program in single block
and without component.