TERHAD

1. (a) Identify phenomena X, Y and Z that occur on the surface of the Sun.
Kenal pasti fenomena X, Y dan Z yang berlaku di permukaan Matahari.

Prominence Solar flares Sunspots

Prominens Nyala suria Tompok Matahari

X: ________________
Z: ________________
Y: ________________

[3 marks/markah]

(b) Fill in the blanks with the correct answer to describe the process of generation of energy by
the Sun.
Isikan tempat kosong dengan jawapan yang betul untuk menerangkan proses penjanaan
tenaga Matahari.

(i) The Sun is mainly made up of _____________ and ______________gases.

Matahari terbentuk terutamanya daripada gas-gas _____________ dan
_____________.

(ii) Energy is generated by the Sun through ____________ reactions in the core of
the Sun.
Tenaga dijanakan oleh matahari melalui tindak balas _____________ di
bahagian teras Matahari.

[3 marks/markah]

1
2. In a balanced ecosystem, living organisms interact with one another.
Diagram 1 shows two examples of the interaction among organisms.
Dalam ekosistem yang seimbang, organisma hidup berinteraksi antara satu sama lain.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan dua contoh saling hubungan antara organisma.

Interaction 1/Interaksi 1 Interaction 2/Interaksi 2

Diagram 1/Rajah 1

(a) (i) Match the type of interaction between these organisms.

Padankan jenis interaksi yang wujud di antara organisma ini.

Type of interaction
Jenis interaksi
Prey-predator
Mangsa-pemangsa
Parasitism
Parasitisma

Competition
Persaingan

[2 marks/markah]
(ii) Give another example of Interaction 2.
Berikan contoh lain bagi Interaksi 2.
______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(b) (i) What will happen to the host in Interaction 1?

Apakah yang berlaku pada perumah dalam Interaksi 1?
______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(ii) Explain your answer in 2(b)(i).

Jelaskan jawapan anda dalam 2(b)(i).
______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

2
3. Diagram 2 shows parts of a human eye.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan bahagian dalam mata manusia.

U:______________ V: _____________

W: _____________

Diagram 2/Rajah 2

(a) Label structures U, V and W in Diagram 2 using the following words.

Label struktur U, V dan W dalam Rajah 2 dengan menggunakan perkataan berikut.

Retina Iris Optic nerve

Retina Iris Saraf optik

[3 marks/markah]

(b) Based on structures V and W in Diagram 2, state the function of each structure.
Berdasarkan struktur V dan W dalam Rajah 2, nyatakan fungsi struktur tersebut.
V : ____________________________________________________________________

W : ____________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

(c) State the change to the eye lens when a person looks at a distant object.
Nyatakan perubahan kepada kanta mata apabila seseorang melihat suatu objek jauh.
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

4. (a) The graph below shows the growth curve for Amin and Fatin.
Graf di bawah menunjukkan lengkung pertumbuhan bagi Amin dan Fatin.

Based on the graph, determine whether the statement given is True of False.
3
 Berdasarkan graf, tentukan sama ada pernyataan yang diberi adalah Benar atau Palsu.

Statement True/False
Pernyataan Benar/Pals
u
Human growth is measured based on height and weight.
Pertumbuhan manusia diukur berdasarkan ketinggian dan berat.
Human growth is reversible.
Pertumbuhan manusia adalah berbalik.
The growth rate for Amin and Fatin is the same at childhood.
Kadar pertumbuhan Amin dan Fatin adalah sama pada peringkat kanak-kanak.
The growth rate for Fatin is slower than Amin at the age of 12 years old.
Kadar pertumbuhan Fatin lebih perlahan daripada kadar pertumbuhan Amin
pada usia 12 tahun.
[4 marks/markah]

(c) Diagram 3 shows a few types of food. Mark ( / ) for two most suitable types of food for the
growth of children.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan beberapa jenis makanan. Tandakah ( / ) pada dua jenis makanan
yang paling sesuai untuk pertumbuhan kanak-kanak.

Diagram 3/Rajah 3
[2 marks/markah]

5. (a) Diagram 4.1 shows two types of circuits, P and Q.

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan dua jenis litar, P dan Q.

P Q
Diagram 4.1/Rajah 4.1

4
 Complete the statements below with the correct answer.
Lengkapkan pernyataan di bawah dengan jawapan yang betul.

(i) When circuit P is switched on, the three bulbs light up at the ___________ brightness.
Apabila litar P dihidupkan, ketiga-tiga mentol menyala pada kecerahan yang _______.

(ii) If a bulb is added to circuit Q, the brightness of all bulbs will ____________________.
Jika sebiji mentol ditambah kepada litar Q, kecerahan semua mentol menjadi ______.

[2 marks/markah]

(b) The following table shows two symbols of electric components.

State the functions of the components.
Jadual berikut menunjukkan dua simbol bagi komponen elektrik.
Nyatakan fungsi bagi komponen-komponen tersebut.

Symbol Function
Simbol Fungsi

[2 marks/markah]
(c) Diagram 4.2 shows a circuit.
Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan satu litar.

Diagram 4.2/Rajah 4.2

Calculate the total resistance in the circuit.

Kirakan jumlah rintangan dalam litar itu.
1 = 1 + 1 +1
Rr R1 R2 R3

[2 marks/markah]

5
6. Diagram 5.1 shows two plants that have different support systems.
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan dua tumbuhan yang mempunyai sistem sokongan yang berbeza.

X Y
Diagram 5.1/Rajah 5.1

(a) Name the support system for the plants in Diagram 5.1.
Namakan sistem sokongan bagi tumbuh-tumbuhan dalam Rajah 5.1.
X : ______________________________________________________________
Y : ______________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

(b) Mangrove trees are supported by stilt roots as additional support as shown in Diagram 5.2.
Pokok bakau disokong oleh akar jangkang sebagai sokongan tambahan seperti yang
ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.2.

Diagram 5.2/Rajah 5.2

(i) Explain how structure Z supports the mangrove tree.

Terangkan bagaimana struktur Z menyokong pokok bakau.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]
6
 (ii) What is the importance of support system to the plants?
Apakah kepentingan sistem sokongan kepada tumbuhan?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(iii) Give one other plant that has the same support system as mangrove trees.
Berikan satu tumbuhan lain yang mempunyai sisem sokongan yang sama dengan
pokok bakau.
___________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

7. Diagram 6 shows apparatus arrangement for the process of water purification.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk proses pembersihan air.

Water out Thermometer

Liebig condenser Air keluar Termometer
Condenser Liebig

Muddy water
Air berlumpur
Water in
Air masuk

Diagram 6/Rajah 6

(a) State the method shown in Diagram 6.

Nyatakan kaedah yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 6.
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(b) What is the final product of this process?

Apakah hasil akhir proses ini?
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(c) List three substances that can be removed by this process.

Senaraikan tiga bahan yang dapat disingkirkan melalui proses ini.
________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks/markah]

(d) State one disadvantage of this method.

Nyatakan satu kekurangan kaedah ini.
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

7
8. Diagram 7 shows the structure of a flower.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan struktur sekuntum bunga.

P: ___________

Q: ____________

Diagram 7/Rajah 7

(a) Label P and Q using the words given in the box.

Label P dan Q menggunakan perkataan-perkataan yang diberi dalam petak di bawah.

Anther Ovary Ovule

Anter Ovari Ovul

[2 marks/markah]

(b) State the function of components P and Q in Table 1.

Nyatakan fungsi komponen P dan Q dalam Jadual 1.

Component Function
Komponen Fungsi
P

[2 marks/markah]

(c) Cross-pollination is widely being used in agriculture. Farmer nowadays are more interested
in cross-pollination than self-pollination. Give the advantages of using cross-pollination
compare to self-pollination.
Pendebungaan kacuk sangat meluas digunakan dalam bidang pertanian. Para petani kini
lebih tertarik menggunakan pendebungaan kacuk berbanding pendebungaan sendiri.
Berikan kelebihan menggunakan pendebungaan kacuk berbanding pendebungaan
sendiri.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

8
 [2 marks/markah]

9. (a) Table 1 shows the melting points of several materials.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan takat lebur bagi beberapa bahan.

Material Melting point (°C)

Bahan Takat lebur (°C)
Aluminium 660
Aluminium
Marble 1339
Marmar
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 160
Polivinil klorida (PVC)

Table 1/Jadual 1

Choose one material that is suitable to be used as a tabletop in a kitchen. Explain your
answer.
Pilih satu bahan yang sesuai digunakan sebagai permukaan meja di dapur. Terangkan
jawapan anda.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
[4 marks/markah]

(b) Cement is the main material for construction. Limestone is the main material in cement.
Explain the characteristics of limestone as a main material of cement.
Simen ialah bahan utama untuk pembinaan. Batu kapur merupakan bahan utama dalam
simen. Terangkan ciri-ciri batu kapur sebagai bahan utama simen.

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]
10. (a) Diagram 9.1 shows an even shape.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan suatu bentuk sekata.

9
 Diagram 9.1/Rajah 9.1

At Diagram 9.1, mark the stability point for the shape and label it as A.
Pada Rajah 9.1, tandakan titik keseimbangan bagi bentuk itu dan label ia sebagai A.
[2 marks/markah]

(b) Diagram 9.2 show two mugs that are different in shape.
Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan dua jenis cawan berlainan bentuk.

Mug B/ Cawan B Mug C/ Cawan C

Diagram 9.2/ Rajah 9.2

Mug C is more stable than Mug B. Explain why.

Cawan C adalah lebih stabil berbanding Cawan B. Jelaskan mengapa.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

(d) A motorcycle racer must know how to maintain his balance during a race. Suggest one
way to maintain his body balance when passing through the corner and explain the
reason.
Pelumba motosikal perlu bijak mengekalkan keseimbangannya semasa perlumbaan.
Cadangkan satu cara mengekalkan keseimbangan badannya semasa melalui selekoh dan
jelaskan sebab.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

11. Diagram 10.1 shows the cross section of the stem of a plant.
Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan keratan rentas batang suatu tumbuhan.

10
 P

Diagram 10.1/Rajah 10.1

(a)
(i) State one function of P.
Nyatakan satu fungsi P.
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(ii) Name the structure in the stem of plants that transports food.
Namakan struktur dalam batang tumbuhan yang mengangkut makanan.
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(iii) What will happen to the plant if the ring of the bark and phloem are removed?
Apa yang akan berlaku kepada tumbuhan tersebut jika gegelang kulit pokok
dan floem dibuang?
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(b) Puan Alia lives in an apartment. She wants to plant mustard by using hydroponic
techniques as shown in Diagram 10.2.
Puan Alia tinggal di sebuah pangsapuri. Dia ingin menanam sawi dengan menggunakan
teknik hidroponik seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 10.2.

Diagram 10.1/Rajah 10.2

Explain how the mustard plant can grow healthily.

Terangkan bagaimana pokok sawi dapat tumbuh dengan subur.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]
(c) Puan Alia faces a problem to plant mustard for a second cycle. She requires tips and
advice from a farming expert blogger through a chat room. Diagram 10.3 shows a
discussion between them.

11
Puan Alia menghadapi masalah untuk menanam sawi bagi pusingan kedua. Dia meminta
tip dan nasihat daripada seorang blogger pakar pertanian melalui bilik bual. Rajah 10.3
menunjukkan perbincangan di antara mereka.

Why is my mustard plant still small even after

two weeks? Please explain.
Kenapa pokok sawi saya masih kecil
walaupun selepas dua minggu? Sila jelaskan.

Is this your first time planting the mustard?

Adakah ini kali pertama awak menanam pokok
sawi?

No. this is the second time.

Tidak. Ini adalah kali kedua.

Did you use the same container which

contains the same solution as the previous
one?
Adakah awak menggunakan bekas yang sama
yang mengandungi larutan yang sama seperti
sebelumnya?

Yes.
Ya.

Diagram 10.3/Rajah 10.3

What explanation shoud be given to the blogger? Write your answer in the space provided
below.
Apakah penjelasan yang sepatutnya diberikan oleh blogger tersebut? Tuliskan jawapan
anda dalam ruang yang disediakan di bawah.

_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_______________________ [2 marks/markah]

12
 (d) The Environmental Club under the supervision of Puan Alia wants to set up a herbaceous
plants project in school. They are required to look for suitable areas to carry out this
project.
Diagram 10.4 shows two areas, A and B.

Kelab Alam Sekitar di bawah penyeliaan Puan Alia ingin menjalankan satu projek
tanaman herba di sekolah. Mereka dikehendaki untuk mencari kawasan yang sesuai
untuk menjalankan projek tersebut.
Rajah 10.4 menunjukkan dua kawasan, A dan B.

Diagram 10.4/Rajah 10.4

Based on Diagram 10.4, which area is the most suitable to set up the project? Explain your
answer.
Berdasarkan Rajah 10.4, kawasan manakah yang paling sesuai untuk menjalankan projek
tersebut? Terangkan jawapan anda.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks/markah]

12. A group of Red Cross Society members are on duty during the school sports day.
Sekumpulan ahli Bulan Sabit Merah bertugas semasa sukan tahunan sekolah.

(a) (i) One of the members spills out the iodine solution onto a slice of sandwich.
Salah seorang ahli tertumpah larutan iodin ke atas sekeping sandwic.
State and explain the changes of the iodine colour on the bread.
Nyatakan dan terangkan perubahan warna iodin pada roti itu.
______________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

(ii) State the food class for bread.

13
 Nyatakan kelas makanan bagi roti.
______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

(b) The sports teacher gives glucose drinks to all the atheletes before they take part in the
event.
Explain the action taken by the teacher.
Guru sukan memberikan minuman glukosa kepada semua atlet sebelum mereka
mengambil bahagian dalam acara itu.
Jelaskan tindakan yang diambil oleh guru tersebut.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

(c) Two types of sandwich are prepared as shown in Diagram 11.1.

Dua jenis sandwic disediakan seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 11.1.

Meat sandwich Vegetable sandwich

Sandwic daging Sandwic sayuran

Diagram 11.1/Rajah 11.1

Suggest the most suitable sandwich for a shot putt athlete. Give reasons for your answer.
Cadangkan sandwic yang paling sesuai untuk seorang atlet lontar peluru. Berikan alasan
bagi jawapan anda.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

[3 marks/markah]

(d) Diagram 11.2 shows a student with his Body Mass Index (BMI).
Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan seorang murid dengan Indeks Jisim Tubuh (BMI) nya.

14
 BMI: 31

Diagram 11.2/Rajah 11.2

The value of ideal BMI is between 18.5-24.9. Suggest one way for the student to achieve
an ideal BMI. Explain your answer.
Nilai BMI yang unggul ialah antara 18.5-24.9. Cadangkan satu cara bagi murid tersebut
untuk mencapai BMI yang unggul. Jelaskan jawapan anda.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

13. (a) Aminah wants to make a milk drink for her young boy. Diagram 12.1 shows two cans of
condensed milk, A and B.
Aminah ingin membancuh susu kepada anak lelaki yang kecil. Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan
dua tin susu pekat, A dan B.
Hole
Hole Lubang
Lubang

Can A/Tin A Can B/Tin B

Diagram 12.1/Rajah 12.1

Explain the outcome when she poures the milk from the cans.
Terangkan dapatan yang diperoleh apabila dia menuang susu daripada tin.

Can A/Tin A: ______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Can B/Tin B: ______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

(b) Diagram 12.2 shows a plunger is used to clear the blockage in a sink.
Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan satu pam sedut digunakan untuk mengeluarkan sekatan di dalam
suatu sinki.
15
 Diagram 12.2/Rajah 12.2

Explain how to remove the dirt in the blockage of the sink.

Terangkan bagaimana untuk mengeluarkan kotoran di dalam sekatan pada sinki.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks/markah]

(c) Diagram 12.3 shows a gas tank is kept ni an enclosed area.

Rajah 12.3 menunjukkan sebuah tangki gas disimpan di dalam suatu tempat tertutup

Diagram 12.3/Rajah 12.3

Justify the action taken in Diagram 12.3.

Wajarkan tindakan yang diambil dalam Rajah 12.3.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

(d) During a science exhibition, you a re required to demonstrate how air pressure can be used
to force an egg into a bottle.
Semasa pameran sains, anda perlu menunjukkan bagaimana tekanan udara digunakan untuk
16
 memaksa telur masuk ke dalam botol.

The following substances and tools are used.

Bahan dan peralatan berikut digunakan.

1. A boiled egg
Sebiji telur masak
2. A glass bottle (with a neck a little smaller than an egg)
Sebuah botol kaca (mulut botol lebih kecil daripada telur)
3. 3 match sticks
3 batang mancis

By using the principle of air pressure, complete the following procedures.

Dengan menggunakan prinsip tekanan udara, lengkapkan prosedur berikut.

1. Place the bottle with the mouth up and open.

Letakkan botol secara menegak dengan mulutnya ke atas dan terbuka.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks/markah]

14. A scientist has found that biomass is the best alternative source of energy.
Seorang saintis telah mendapati bahawa biojisim adalah sumber tenaga alternatif terbaik.

(a) (i) Name one example of biomass source.

Namakan satu contoh sumber biojisim.
______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]
(ii) Diagram 13.1 shows the sequence of processes in producing electrical energy from
biomass.
Rajah 13.1 menunjukkan urutan proses penghasilan tenaga elektrik daripada biojisim.

Biomass collection site

Tapak pengumpulan biojisim

Produce methane gas

Menghasilkan gas metana

Electrical power plant

Loji kuasa elektrik

Diagram 13.1/Rajah 13.1

Based on Diagram 13.1, complete the energy transformation in the flow chart below.
Berdasarkan Rajah 13.1, lengkapkan perubahan tenaga dalam carta alir dibawah.

Chemical energy Heat energy 17 Electrical energy

Tenaga kimia Tenaga haba Tenaga elektrik
 [1 mark/markah]

(iii)Table 2 shows the production of electrical energy generated from two different types of
waste.
Jadual 2 menunjukkan penghasilan tenaga elektrik yang dijana daripada dua jenis sisa
berbeza.
Type of waste Rate of decay Production of methane Electrical energy (kV)
Jenis sisa Kadar gas Tenaga elektrik (kV)
pereputan Penghasilan gas metana

Domestic Low Low 4.5

Domestik Rendah Rendah
Agriculture High High 6.0
Pertanian Tinggi Tinggi

Table 2/Jadual 2
Based on Table 2, describe why there is a difference in the production of electrical energy
generated from domestic waste and agriculture waste.
Berdasarkan Jadual 2, huraikan mengapa terdapat perbezaan penghasilan tenaga elektrik
yang dijana daripada sisa domestik dan sisa pertanian.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]

(b) A rice mill manufacturer burns the rice husk after being processed and this contributes to
air pollution. To overcome this problem, the rice mill manufacturer is adviced to apply the
biomass method on the rice husk.
Based on your knowledge, explain the positive effects of the biomass usage towards the
environment and generation of electrical energy.
Pengusaha kilang padi membakar sekam padi setelah memprosesnya dan ini
menyumbang kepada pencemaran udara. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, pengusaha kilang
padi telah dinasihatkan supaya menggunakan kaedah biojisim ke atas sekam padi
tersebut.
Berdasarkan pengetahuan anda, jelaskan kesan positif penggunaan biojisim terhadap
alam sekitar dan penjanaan tenaga elektrik.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks/markah]

(c) A school canteen produces a lot of food waste every day. Students have to put the food
waste into plastic containers. The decaying process of the food waste will produce
methane gas with an umpleasant smell.
18
You are required to modify an instrument that can reduce smell pollution produced from
the food waste by using the materials provided below.
Kantin sekolah menghasilkan sisa makanan yang banyak setiap hari. Murid dikehendaki
membuang sisa makanan ke dalam tong plastik. Pereputan sisa makanan tersebut akan
menghasilkan gas metana yang berbau busuk.
Anda dikehendaki untuk mengubahsuai sebuah alat yang dapat mengurangkan
pencemaran bau yang terhasil daripada sisa makanan tersebut dengan menggunakan
bahan yang disediakan di bawah.

Sketch the modification of the instrument on Diagram 13.2. Explain how the instrument
works.
Lakarkan pengubahsuaian alat tersebut pada Rajah 13.2. Terangkan bagaimana alat
tersebut berfungsi.

Diagram 13.2/Rajah 13.2

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks/markah]

19