Aktiviti 2 / Activity 2
Tujuan; Menentukan arah arus aruhan dalam
dawai lurus
Aim: Indicate the direction of the induced current in
a straight wire
Peraturan tangan kanan Fleming
Fleming’s right-hand rule:
1. Gariskan jawapan yang betul untuk
menunjukkan arah arus aruhan.
Underline the correct answer to show the
direction of the induced current?
(a) Gerakkan dawai ke bawah: [ PQ / QP]
Moving the wire upwards:
(b) Gerakkan dawai ke atas: [PQ / QP]
Moving the wire downwards:
2. Gariskan jawapan yang betul untuk
menunjukkan arah arus aruhan.
Underline the correct answer to show the
direction of the induced current?
(a) Gerakkan dawai ke bawah: [ PQ / QP]
Moving the wire upwards:
(b) Gerakkan dawai ke atas: [PQ / QP]
Moving the wire downwards:
3. Tentukan kutub magnet pada P dan Q
Determine the poles at P and Q.
P : ………………… Q: …………………..
Aktiviti 3 / Activity 3
Tujuan: Menentukan arah arus aruhan
Aim: Indicate the direction of the induced current in
a solenoid by Lenz’s Law
Nyatakan hukum Lenz/ State Lenz’s Law:
(a) Magnet is moved towards the solenoid
(i) Apa yang berlaku apabila magnet ditolak
masuk ke dalam solenoid?
What happens when the magnet is pushed
towards solenoid?
………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………
(ii) Apa yang dihasilkan pada solenoid
sekiranya arus mengalir melaluinya?
What is produced on the solenoid if current
flows through it?
………………………………………………………
(iii)Gerakkan magnet masuk ke arah solenoid
akan menghasilkan arus. Mengikut hukum
Lenz, apakah yang perlu dibuat oleh
soloneid supaya menentang gerakan yang
menghasilkan arus itu?
Pushed the magnet towards solenoid will
produce induced current. From Lenz’s law, what
will the solenoid do in order to oppose the
motion that produced the current?
……………………………………………………….
.
(iv)Nyatakan kutub magnet pada hujung
solenoid P? Terangkan jawapan anda. Arah arus : ……………………………….
State the magnet’s polarity at the end P of Direction current:
solenoid? Explain your answer. Arah pesongan galvanometer:
………………….
……………………………………………………. Direction of Deflection of galvanometer:

…………………………………………………… (vi)Hukum Lenz merupakan suatu contoh

prinsip keabadian tenaga. Kerja dilakukan
……………………………………………………… untuk menggerakkan magnet menentang
(v) Berdasarkan Rajah 8.3.6, nyatakan: daya yang cuba menolaknya. Nyatakan
Base on Diagram 8.3.6, state: perubahan tenaga yang terlibat.
Lenz’s law is an example of the Principle of
Arah arus : ………………………………. Conservation of Energy. When the magnet or
Direction current: solenoid is moved against the opposing force,
Arah pesongan galvanometer: work is done. State the energy change
…………………. involved. .
Direction of Deflection of galvanometer:
……………………………………………………………
(b) Magnet is moved away from the solenoid
Tunjukkan pada Rajah 8.3.7 arah arus aruhan
yang betul apabila magnet digerakkan mengikut
arah yang ditunjukkan.
Show on Diagram 8.3.7 the correct direction of the
induced current when the magnet is moved in the
direction shown.

(i) Apa yang berlaku apabila magnet ditolak

keluar daripada solenoid?
What happens when the magnet is pushed
away from solenoid?

………………………………………………………
(ii) Apa yang dihasilkan pada solenoid
sekiranya arus mengalir melaluinya?
What is produced on the solenoid if current
flows through it?

………………………………………………………

(iii)Gerakkan magnet keluar daripada solenoid

akan menghasilkan arus. Mengikut hukum
Lenz, apakah yang perlu dibuat oleh
gegelung supaya menentang gerakan yang
menghasilkan arus itu?
Pushed the magnet away from solenoid will
produce induced current. From Lenz’s law, what
will the solenoid do in order to oppose the
motion that produced the current?

……………………………………………………….

(iv)Nyatakan kutub magnet pada hujung

solenoid P? Terangkan jawapan anda.
State the magnet’s polarity at the end P of
solenoid? Explain your answer.

……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………

(v) Berdasarkan Rajah 8.3.7, nyatakan:

Base on Diagram 8.3.7, state:
 Rajah 8.3.8 / Diagram 8.3.8
(a) Apakah yang menyebabkan arus aruhan
dihasilkan dalam konduktor di atas Prosedur Pemerhatian dan
What causes the current to be produced in the Procedure inferens
conductors above? Observation and
inference
…………………………………………………… 1. Laju gereakan
Speed of movement
…………………………………………………… (a) Magnet digerakkan
dengan perlahan ke
(b) Apakah nama yang diberikan pada arus dalam solenoid 10
yang dihasilkan di atas? lilitan.
What is the name given to the current which is The magnet is moved
produced? slowly into the solenoid
of 10 turns.
……………………………………………………
(b) Magnet di gerakkan
pada kelajuan tinggi.
The magnet is moved at
(c) Namakan hukum yang digunakan untuk a faster speed.
menentukan arah arus.
Name the law used to determine the direction 2. Bilangan lilitan
of current. Number of turns.
(a) Magnet digerakkan ke
…………………………………………………… arah solenoid yang
mempunyai 10
Aktiviti 4 / Activity 4: bilangan lilitan
Tujuan: Mengkaji faktor-faktor yang The magnet is moved
mempengaruhi magnitud arus aruhan oleh slowly into the solenoid
Hukum Faraday of 10 turns.
Aim: To study factors that affect the magnitude of
the induced current by Faraday’s Law (b) Magnet
digerakkan ke arah
Nyatakan hukum Faraday: solenoid yang
State Faraday’s Law: mempunyai 20
bilangan lilitan.
The magnet is moved
slowly into the solenoid
of 20 turns.

3. Kekuatan medan
magnet
Strength of the
magnetic field
(a) Satu magnet
digerakkan ke arah
solenoid
Pemerhatian dan inferens daripada aktiviti A weak magnet is
menyiasat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi moved slowly into the
magnitud arus aruhan dalam solenoid. solenoid.
The observations and inferences from an
experiment to investigate the factors affecting the (b) 3 magnet bar
magnitude of the induced current in a solenoid: digerakkan sekali ke
arah solenoid
3 bar magnets together
is moved into the
solenoid
Latihan 1 / Exercise 1
1. Rajah 8.3.9 menunjukkan dawai kuprum
yang lurus dan tebal yang disambungkan ke
galvanometer digerakkan menegak ke bawah
dalam medan magnet.
Diagram 8.3.9 shows a straight thick copper
wire that is connected to a galvanometer is
moved vertically downwards in a magnetic field.
Apa yang berlaku kepada arah pesongan
penunjuk galvanometer apabila spring
bergetar?
What happens to the direction of the pointer
as the spring vibrate?

Gerakan Hujung A Hujung B

magnet (utara (utara/selatan)
Magnet /selatan) End B
Rajah 8.3.9 / Diagram 8.3.9 motion End A of (north / south)
(North /
(a) Tandakan pada south)
dawai arah arus aruhan yang mengalir Kutub
melaluinya. selatan ke
Mark on the wire the direction of the bawah
induced current that flows through it. South pole
downward
(b) Namakan peraturan Kutub
yang digunakan untuk menentukan selatan ke
arah arus. atas
Name the rule that is used to work out the South pole
direction of the current. upward
Kutub utara
……………………………………………… ke bawah
North pole
(c) Huraikan kesan ke downward
atas arus aruhan jika: Kutub utara
Describe the effect on the induced current ke atas
if: North pole
(i) Dawai digerakkan menegak ke atas upward
pada kelajuan yang rendah.
The wire is moved vertically upwards
at a low speed,
3. Arah arus aruhan mengalir dari X to Y
…………………………………………… seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 8.3.11.
The direction of the induced current flow is
(ii) Dawai digerakkan menegak ke atas from X to Y as shown in diagram 8.3.11.
pada kelajuan yang tinggi.
The wire is moved vertically upwards
at a higher speed.

……………………………………………

(iii) Dawai diletakkan pegun di antara

dua kutub magnet.
The wire is held stationary in between
the poles of the magnet.

Apakah arah pergerakan dawai?

What is the direction of the motion of the wire?
……………………………………………..
…………………………………………………
2. Rajah 8.3.10 menunjukkan satu magnet
diikat pada spring.
Diagram 8.3.10 shows a magnet is attached to
a spring.