MICROPROCESSORS AND INTERFACING

UNIT-I

Architecture of 8086, Microprocessor. Special functions of General purpose registers.

8086 flag register and function of 8086 Flags. Addressing modes of 8086. Instruction set of 8086.
Assembler directives, procedures, and macros.

Assembly language programs involving logical, Branch & Call instructions, sorting, evaluation of arithmetic
expressions, string manipulation.

UNIT-II

Pin diagram of 8086-Minimum mode and maximum mode of operation. Timing diagram. Memory interfacing
to 8086 (Static RAM & EPROM). Need for DMA. DMA data transfer Method. Interfacing with 8257.

UNIT-III

8255 PPI – various modes of operation and interfacing to 8086. Interfacing Keyboard, Displays, 8279
Stepper Motor and actuators. D/A and A/D converter interfacing.

Interrupt structure of 8086. Vector interrupt table. Interrupt service routines. Introduction to DOS and BIOS
interrupts. 8259 PIC Architecture and interfacing cascading of interrupt controller and its importance.

UNIT-IV
Serial data transfer schemes. Asynchronous and Synchronous data transfer schemes. 8251 USART
architecture and interfacing. TTL to RS 232C and RS232C to TTL conversion. Sample program of serial
data transfer.

UNIT-V
8051 Microcontroller Architecture, Register set of 8051, Modes of timer operation, Serial port operation,
Interrupt structure of 8051, Memory and I/O interfacing of 8051.

TEXT BOOKS :
1. Advanced microprocessor and Peripherals - A.K.Ray and K.M.Bhurchandi, TMH, 2000.
2. Micro Controllers – Deshmukh, Tata McGraw Hill Edition.

REFERENCES :

1. Micro Processors & Interfacing – Douglas V. Hall, 2007.

2. The 8088 and 8086 Micro Processors – PHI, 4th Edition, 2003.
3. Micro Computer System 8086/8088 Family Architecture, Programming and Design - By Liu and GA
Gibson, PHI, 2nd Ed.,
 MICRO CONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS
UNIT I
OVERVIEW OF ARCHITECTURE AND MICROCONTROLLER RESOURCES : Architecture of a
microcontroller – Microcontroller resources – Resources in advanced and next generation microcontrollers –
8051 microcontroller – Internal and External memories – Counters and Timers – Synchronous
serialcumasynchronous
serial communication - Interrupts.
UNIT II
8051 FAMILY MICROCONTROLLERS INSTRUCTION SET : Basic assembly language programming –
Data transfer instructions – Data and Bit-manipulation instructions – Arithmetic instructions – Instructions for
Logical operations on the tes among the Registers, Internal RAM, and SFRs – Program flow control
instructions – Interrupt control flow.
UNIT III
REAL TIME CONTROL : INTERRUPTS : Interrupt handling structure of an MCU – Interrupt Latency and
Interrupt deadline – Multiple sources of the interrupts – Non-maskable interrupt sources – Enabling or
disabling of the sources – Polling to determine the interrupt source and assignment of the priorities among
them – Interrupt structure in Intel 8051.
UNIT IV
REAL TIME CONTROL: TIMERS : Programmable Timers in the MCU’s – Free running counter and real
time control – Interrupt interval and density constraints.
UNIT V
SYSTEMS DESIGN : DIGITAL AND ANALOG INTERFACING METHODS : Switch, Keypad and Keyboard
interfacings – LED and Array of LEDs – Keyboard-cum-Display controller (8279) – Alphanumeric Devices –
Display Systems and its interfaces – Printer interfaces – Programmable instruments interface using IEEE
488 Bus – Interfacing with the Flash Memory – Interfaces – Interfacing to High Power Devices – Analog
input interfacing – Analog output interfacing – Optical motor shaft encoders – Industrial control – Industrial
process control system – Prototype MCU based Measuring instruments – Robotics and Embedded control –
Digital Signal Processing and Digital Filters.
UNIT VI
REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM FOR MICROCONTROLLERS : Real Time operating system – RTOS of
Keil (RTX51) – Use of RTOS in Design – Software development tools for Microcontrollers.
UNIT VII
16-BIT MICROCONTROLLERS : Hardware – Memory map in Intel 80196 family MCU system – IO ports –
Progammable Timers and High-speed outputs and input captures – Interrupts – instructions.
UNIT VIII
ARM 32 Bit MCUs : Introduction to 16/32 Bit processors – ARM architecture and organization – ARM /
Thumb programming model – ARM / Thumb instruction set – Development tools.
TEXT BOOKS :
1. Microcontrollers Architecture, Programming, Interfacing and System Design – Raj Kamal, Pearson
Education, 2005.
2. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems – Mazidi and Mazidi, PHI, 2000.
REFERENCES :
1. Microcontrollers (Theory & Applications) – A.V. Deshmuk, WTMH, 2005.
2. Design with PIC Microcontrollers – John B. Peatman, Pearson Education, 2005.
UNIT I

Microprocessors and microcontroller.  Introduction, Microprocessors and Microcontrollers, A

Microprocessors survey. RISC & CISC CPU Architectures, Harvard & Von-Neumann CPU architecture.
Microcontroller resources – Resources in advanced and next generation microcontrollers
The 8051 Architecture: Introduction, 8051 Microcontroller Hardware, Input / Output Pins, Ports   and
Circuits      External Memory, Counter and Timers, Serial Data Input / Output,   Interrupts.

UNIT II

Addressing Modes and Operations: Introduction, Addressing modes, External data Moves, Code Memory,
Read Only Data Moves / Indexed Addressing mode, PUSH and POP Opcodes, Data exchanges, Example
Programs; Byte level logical Operations, Bit level Logical Operations, Rotate and Swap Operations,
Example Programs.  Arithmetic Operations: Flags, Incrementing and Decrementing, Addition, Subtraction,
Multiplication and Division, Decimal Arithmetic.

Jump and Call Instructions: The JUMP and CALL Program range, Jumps, calls and Subroutines, Interrupts
and Returns, More Detail on Interrupts, Example Problems

UNIT III

Timer / Counter Programming in 8051: Programming 8051 Timers, Counter Programming, programming
timers 0 and 1 in 8051

8051 Serial Communication:  Basics of Serial Communication, 8051 connections to RS-232, 8051 Serial
communication Programming    

Interrupts Programming: 8051 Interrupts, Programming Timer Interrupts, Programming External Hardware
Interrupts, Programming the Serial Communication Interrupts, Interrupt Priority in the 8051/52          

UNIT IV 
8051 Interfacing and Applications: Interfacing 8051 to LCD, Keyboard, parallel and serial ADC, DAC,
Stepper motor interfacing, DC motor interfacing and PWM 

UNIT V