Midterm Review Part I

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Salvador reads 12 books from the library each month for n months in a row. Write an expression to show how
many books Salvador read in all. Then, find the number of books Salvador read if he read for 7 months.
a. 12 – n; 19 books c. 12 + n; 19 books
b. ; 84 books d. 12n; 84 books

____ 2. The temperature on the ground during a plane’s takeoff was 4ºF. At 38,000 feet in the air, the temperature
outside the plane was –38ºF. Find the difference between these two temperatures.
a. –34ºF c. 34ºF
b. 42ºF d. –42ºF
____ 3. Divide.
0 5.928
a. –5.928 c. undefined
b. 5.928 d. 0
____ 4. Carina hiked at Yosemite National Park for 1.75 hours. Her average speed was 3.5 mi/h. How many miles did
she hike?
a. 2 mi c. 61.25 mi
b. 20 mi d. 6.125 mi
____ 5. Simplify .
a. 27 c. 729
b. 93 d. 12
____ 6. The area of a square garden is 202 square feet. Estimate the side length of the garden.
a. 16 ft c. 17 ft
b. 12 ft d. 14 ft
____ 7. Translate the word phrase, the product of 8.5 and the difference of –4 and –8, into a numerical expression.
a. c.
b. d.
____ 8. A toy company's total payment for salaries for the first two months of 2005 is $21,894. Write and solve an
equation to find the salaries for the second month if the first month’s salaries are $10,205.
a.
The salaries for the second month are $11,689.
b.
The salaries for the second month are $21,894.
c.
The salaries for the second month are $10,947.
d.
The salaries for the second month are $32,099.
____ 9. The time between a flash of lightning and the sound of its thunder can be used to estimate the distance from a
lightning strike. The distance from the strike is the number of seconds between seeing the flash and hearing
the thunder divided by 5. Suppose you are 17 miles from a lightning strike. Write and solve an equation to
find how many seconds there would be between the flash and thunder.
a.
, so t is about 85 seconds.
 b.
, so t is about 3.4 seconds.
c. , so t is about 22 seconds.
d.
, so t is about 0.3 seconds.
____ 10. If , find the value of .
a. 3 c. 5
b. –5 d. –3
____ 11. Solve . Tell whether the equation has infinitely many solutions or no solutions.
a. Two solutions c. Infinitely many solutions
b. No solutions d. Only one solution
____ 12. A video store charges a monthly membership fee of $7.50, but the charge to rent each movie is only $1.00 per
movie. Another store has no membership fee, but it costs $2.50 to rent each movie. How many movies need
to be rented each month for the total fees to be the same from either company?
a. 3 movies c. 7 movies
b. 5 movies d. 9 movies
____ 13. Solve for y.
a. c.
b. d.

____ 14. 66 is 56% of what number? If necessary, round your answer to the nearest hundredth.
a. 0.85 c. 1.18
b. 117.86 d. 36.96
____ 15. Solve .
a. x = 1 c. No solution
b. x = 11 d. x = 8
6 3

____ 16. Denise has $365 in her saving account. She wants to save at least $635. Write and solve an inequality to
determine how much more money Denise must save to reach her goal. Let d represent the amount of money
in dollars Denise must save to reach her goal.
a. ; c. ;
b. ; d. ;

____ 17. Solve the inequality 3 and graph the solutions.

a. x 24

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

b. x 24

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

c. x 3
8

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

d. x 24
 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

____ 18. Solve the inequality 2m 18 and graph the solutions.

a. m 9

–1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

b. m 36

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

c. m 36

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

d. m 9

–1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

____ 19. Write a possible situation for the graph.

Water level

Time

a. A pool is filled with water using one valve. Then, immediately after the pool is filled to its
capacity, the pool needs to be emptied because of some problems. The pool is refilled right
after it is completely empty, using two valves this time.
b. A pool is filled with water using one valve. A little time after the pool is filled to its
capacity, the pool needs to be emptied because of some problems. Then, the pool is
refilled immediately, using two valves this time.
c. A pool is filled with water, and people are having fun swimming and jumping in and out
of the pool.
d. A pool is filled with water. A little time after the pool is filled to its capacity, the pool
needs to be emptied because of some problems. Then, the pool is refilled immediately at
the same rate as before.
____ 20. Give the domain and range of the relation. Tell whether the relation is a function.
x y
0 –5
1 –1
1 3
 1 6

a. D: {0, 1}; R: {–5, –1, 3, 6} c. D: {0, 1}; R: {–5, –1, 3, 6}

The relation is a function. The relation is not a function.
b. D: {–5, –1, 3, 6}; R: {0, 1} d. D: {–5, –1, 3, 6}; R: {0, 1}
The relation is a function. The relation is not a function.
____ 21. Determine a relationship between the x- and y-values. Write an equation.
x 1 2 3 4
y 4 5 6 7

a. y = x + 4 c. y = x + 3
b. y = 3x + 1 d. y = –x + 3
____ 22. Brian has 64 flowers for a big party decoration. In addition, he is planning to buy some flower arrangements
that have 18 flowers each. All of the arrangements cost the same. Brian is not sure yet about the number of
flower arrangements he wants to buy, but he has enough money to buy up to 5 of them. Write a function rule
to describe how many flowers Brian can buy. Let x represents the number of flower arrangements Brian buys.
Find a reasonable range for the function.
a. ; {64, 82, 100, 118, 136}
b. ; {154}
c. ; {82, 100, 118, 136, 154}
d. ; {64, 82, 100, 118, 136, 154}
____ 23. Data was collected on the average winter temperature and the number of days with snow of a random group
of cities in the United States. Identify the correlation you would expect to see between the average winter
temperature and the number of days with snow.
a. constant correlation c. positive correlation
b. no correlation d. negative correlation
____ 24. This table shows the number of swimmers in the ocean at a given time. Find the rate of change for each time
period. During which period did the number of swimmers increase at the fastest rate?

Time 10:30 am 12:30 pm 1:30 pm 3:30 pm 5:30 pm

Number of swimmers 41 55 64 70 80

a. Between 12:30 and 1:30 c. Between 10:30 and 12:30

b. Between 3:30 and 5:30 d. Between 1:30 and 3:30
____ 25. Write the equation in slope-intercept form. Then graph the line described by the equation.
 a. y c.
10
y
8
10
6
8
4
6
2
4

x 2
–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8
–2

–4 –8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x
–2
–6
–4
–8
–6
–10
–8

–10

b. d.
y y
10 10

8 8

6 6

4 4

2 2

–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x –8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x
–2 –2

–4 –4

–6 –6

–8 –8

–10 –10

____ 26. Show that ABCD is a parallelogram.

y
6 B
5
A
4
3
C
2
1
D
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x

a.

ABCD is a parallelogram because both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.

 b.

ABCD is a parallelogram because both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.

c.

ABCD is a parallelogram because both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.

d.

ABCD is a parallelogram because both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.

____ 27. Identify the lines that are perpendicular:
; ; ;
a. and are perpendicular.
b. None of the lines are perpendicular.
c. and are perpendicular.
d. and are perpendicular; and are
perpendicular.
____ 28. Show that LMN is a right triangle.

y
L (5, 10)
10

8 M (9, 8)

2 4 6 8 10 x

–2 N (4, -2)

a. Slope of and slope of . is perpendicular to because

. LMN is not a right triangle because it does not contain a right angle.
b. Slope of and slope of . is not perpendicular to because
. LMN is not a right triangle because it does not contain a right angle.
c. Slope of and slope of . is perpendicular to because
. LMN is a right triangle because it contains a right angle.
 d. Slope of and slope of . is perpendicular to because
. LMN is a right triangle because it contains a right angle.
____ 29. Describe the transformation from the graph of to the graph of .
a. The graph is the result of translating the graph of up 5 units.
b. The graph is the result of translating the graph of down 3 units.
c. The graph is the result of translating the graph of up 3 units.
d. The graph is the result of translating the graph of down 5 units.
____ 30. Solve .
a. a = –29 c. a = 15
b. a = 29 d. a = –15
____ 31. Solve .
a. c.
b. d.
____ 32. If 8y – 8 = 24, find the value of 2y.
a. 8 c. 2
b. 11 d. 24
____ 33. Solve .
a. n = 1 1 c. n = 3 1
2 2
b. n = 4 1 d. n = 1 1
2 6

____ 34. The formula for the resistance of a conductor with voltage V and current I is . Solve for V.
a. I = Vr c. V = Ir
b. d.

____ 35. Solve for x.

a. c.

b. d.

____ 36. Solve the proportion .

a. x = 36 c. x = 0.03
b. x = 26 d. x = 25
____ 37. Solve .
a. x = 55 c. x = 55 or x = –43
b. x = 13 d. x = 13 or x = –1

Short Answer

38. Solve –14 + s = 32.

39. Solve .
40. The formula gives the profit p when a number of items n are each sold at a cost c and expenses e
are subtracted. If , , and , what is the value of c?
41. Solve the inequality n – 4 3 and graph the solutions.

–14 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

42. Solve and graph .

–14 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

43. Solve the inequality and graph the solution.

–14 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

44. Solve the inequality .

45. Give the domain and range of the relation.
x y
5 11
6 13
0 0
–8 –15
46. Use the graph of the function 2x + 2 to find the value of y when .
y

6
5
4
3
2
1

–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

–2
–3
–4
–5
–6

47. Tell whether the slope of the line is positive, negative, zero, or undefined.
 y

–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 x
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

3
48. Write the equation that describes the line with slope = 2 and y-intercept = 2
in slope-intercept form.
Midterm Review Part I
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: D
The expression 12n models the number books Salvador read in all.
Evaluate 12n for n = 7.
12(7) = 84

If Salvador read for 7 months, then that means Salvador read 84 books.

Feedback
A Use a different operation.
B Use a different operation.
C Use a different operation.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 8 OBJ: 1-1.4 Application

NAT: 12.5.2.a STA: A.3.A TOP: 1-1 Variables and Expressions
KEY: algebraic expression | word problem | operation
2. ANS: B
Subtract the lower temperature from the higher temperature to calculate the difference in the two readings.

Feedback
A Subtract the lower temperature from the higher temperature.
B Correct!
C Subtract the lower temperature from the higher temperature.
D Check the signs.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 16 OBJ: 1-2.4 Application

NAT: 12.1.3.a TOP: 1-2 Adding and Subtracting Real Numbers
KEY: integers | subtraction | word problem
3. ANS: D
The quotient of 0 and any nonzero number is 0.

Feedback
A Multiply or divide by 0.
B Multiply or divide by 0.
C Only division by 0 is undefined.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 22

OBJ: 1-3.3 Multiplying and Dividing with Zero NAT: 12.1.3.a
TOP: 1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers
4. ANS: D
Distance = rate time Substitute 3.5 for rate and 1.75 for time.
Distance = Multiply to find the distance.
 Feedback
A To find distance, multiply rate by time.
B To find distance, multiply rate by time. Then estimate to check if your answer is
reasonable.
C The decimal point is not in the correct place. Use estimation to check if your answer is
reasonable.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 22 OBJ: 1-3.4 Application

NAT: 12.1.3.a TOP: 1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers
5. ANS: C
The exponent tells the number of times to multiply the base number by itself.
Multiply 9 by itself 3 times.

Feedback
A Multiply the base number by itself as many times as the exponent tells you.
B Multiply using the base. The exponent just tells how many times to multiply the base by
itself.
C Correct!
D Multiply the number by itself rather than adding two different numbers.

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 27 OBJ: 1-4.2 Evaluating Powers

NAT: 12.1.3.a TOP: 1-4 Powers and Exponents KEY: evaluate | exponent | power
6. ANS: D
202 is between 196 and 225. Since 202 is closer to 196, the best estimate for the side length is 14 ft.

Feedback
A Find the two perfect squares that the area is between.
B Find the two perfect squares that the area is between.
C Of the two perfect squares that the area is between, which is closer to the area?
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 33 OBJ: 1-5.2 Problem-Solving Application

NAT: 12.2.1.h TOP: 1-5 Square Roots and Real Numbers
KEY: square roots | squares | area | irrational numbers | mental math | real world applications
7. ANS: D
Use parentheses so that the difference is evaluated first.
Product means multiplication.

Feedback
A "Product" indicates multiplication.
B Use parentheses so the difference is evaluated first.
C When finding a difference, subtract the second number from the first.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 42

OBJ: 1-6.4 Translating from Words to Math NAT: 12.5.2.b
 TOP: 1-6 Order of Operations
8. ANS: A
First month Added Second month
is 21,894
salaries to salaries
b + x = 21,894

b + x = 21,894 Write an equation to represent the relationship.

10,205 + x = 21,894 Substitute 10,205 for b. Since 10,205 is added to x, subtract
–10,205 –10,205 10,205 from both sides to undo the addition.

The salaries for the second month are $11,689.

Feedback
A Correct!
B Subtract the same number from both sides of the equation.
C Check your answer.
D Use the same operation on both sides of the equation.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 79 OBJ: 2-1.4 Application

NAT: 12.5.3.b STA: A.7.A TOP: 2-1 Solving Equations by Adding or Subtracting
9. ANS: A
Seconds divided by 5 equals distance.
Write an equation. Let d = distance from the lightning strike in miles
and t = number of seconds between flash and thunder.
Substitute 17 for d, the distance from the lightning strike.

Multiply both sides of the equation by 5 to undo the division.

The number of seconds between flash and thunder is about 85
seconds.

Feedback
A Correct!
B Divide the distance from the lightning strike by 5.
C Divide the distance from the lightning strike by 5.
D Divide the distance from the lightning strike by 5.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 86 OBJ: 2-2.4 Application

NAT: 12.5.3.b STA: A.7.A TOP: 2-2 Solving Equations by Multiplying or Dividing
10. ANS: B

Solve the equation.

Substitute 8 for x and simplify.

 Feedback
A Find the value of x by solving the equation. Then substitute it for x in the given
expression and simplify.
B Correct!
C Subtract the terms in the right order.
D Find the value of x by solving the equation. Then substitute it for x in the given
expression and simplify.

PTS: 1 DIF: Advanced NAT: 12.5.4.a STA: A.4.A

TOP: 2-2 Solving Equations by Multiplying or Dividing
11. ANS: C
Combine like terms on each side of the equation before collecting variable terms on one side.
If you get an equation that is always true, the original equation is an identity, and it has infinitely many
solutions.
If you get a false equation, the original equation is a contradiction, and it has no solutions.

Feedback
A First, combine like terms on each side of the equation. Then collect variable terms on
one side. Now, if you get an equation that is always true, it means that the original
equation has infinitely many solutions. If you get a false equation, the original equation
has no solutions.
B If you get an equation that is always true, the original equation is an identity, and it has
infinitely many solutions. If you get a false equation, the original equation is a
contradiction and it has no solutions.
C Correct!
D If you get an equation that is always true, the original equation is an identity, and it has
infinitely many solutions. If you get a false equation, the original equation is a
contradiction and it has no solutions.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 102

OBJ: 2-4.3 Infinitely Many Solutions or No Solutions NAT: 12.5.4.a
STA: A.7.C TOP: 2-4 Solving Equations with Variables on Both Sides
12. ANS: B
Let m represent the number of movies rented each month.
Here are the costs for each company (in dollars).
7.5 + m = 2.5m
To collect the variable terms on one side, subtract m from both sides.
7.5 – m = 2.5m – m
7.5 = 1.5 m
Divide both sides by 1.5.
= m

5 = m

Feedback
A You divided $7.50 by $2.50. Before dividing by 2.50, subtract the $1.00 charge from
the $2.50.
B Correct!
C You divided $7.50 by $1.00. Subtract the $1.00 charge from the $2.50 and then divide.
 D Set up this equation 7.5 + m = 2.5m, where m is the number of movies.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 102 OBJ: 2-4.4 Application

NAT: 12.5.4.a STA: A.7.A TOP: 2-4 Solving Equations with Variables on Both Sides
13. ANS: B

Subtract 2 from both sides.

Subtract the term from both sides.
Rewrite 3.8 as .
Multiply by .

Distribute.
Simplify.

Feedback
A Divide all terms by 3.8.
B Correct!
C Multiply by the reciprocal of 3.8.
D Keep the x term in the equation.

PTS: 1 DIF: Advanced NAT: 12.5.4.a STA: A.4.A

TOP: 2-5 Solving for a Variable
14. ANS: B
Method 1 Use a proportion.
Use the percent proportion.

Let x represent the whole.

Find the cross products.

Since x is multiplied by 56, divide both sides by 56 to undo
the multiplication.

_56% of 66 is
117.86.

Method 2 Use an equation.

Write an equation. Let x represent the whole.
Write the percent as a decimal.
Since x is multiplied by 0.56, divide both sides by 0.56 to
undo the multiplication.

_56% of 66 is 117.86.
 Feedback
A Use the percent proportion: part is to whole as percent is to 100. Then, find the cross
products.
B Correct!
C Set up an equation where the percent is a variable, "of" means to multiply, and "is"
means "=". Then, solve for the variable.
D Set up an equation where the percent is a variable, "of" means to multiply, and "is"
means "=". Then, solve for the variable.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 128 OBJ: 2-8.3 Finding the Whole
NAT: 12.1.4.d STA: A.4.A TOP: 2-8 Percents KEY: percent
15. ANS: C
First, isolate the absolute value expression.

Subtract 8 from both sides.

The absolute value expression is equal to a negative number, which is impossible. The equation has no
solution.

Feedback
A An absolute value must be greater than or equal to 0.
B Isolate the absolute value by subtracting the term outside absolute value bars.
C Correct!
D Subtract the term outside the absolute value bars.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 295

OBJ: 2-Ext.2 Special Cases of Absolute-Value Equations
TOP: 2-Ext Solving Absolute-Value Equations
16. ANS: A
Let d represent the amount of money in dollars Denise must save to reach her goal.
$365 plus additional amount of money is at least $635
in dollars
365 + d 635

Since 365 is added to d, subtract 365 from both sides to undo the
addition.
365
365

Check the endpoint 270 and a number that is greater than the endpoint.

Feedback
A Correct!
B You should be solving an inequality, not an equation.
C Subtract from both sides of the inequality.
D Check the endpoint to see if you get a true statement.
 PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 176 OBJ: 3-2.3 Application
NAT: 12.5.4.c STA: A.7.B TOP: 3-2 Solving Inequalities by Adding and Subtracting
17. ANS: A
3
Multiply both sides by 8 to isolate x.
3(8)
x 24

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Use a solid circle when the value is included in the graph, such as with or Use an empty circle when the
value is not included, such as with > or <.

Feedback
A Correct!
B Use a solid circle when the value is included in the graph. Use an empty circle when the
value is not included.
C To solve the inequality, use multiplication to undo the division.
D Check that the arrow is pointing in the correct direction.

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 180

OBJ: 3-3.1 Multiplying or Dividing by a Positive Number NAT: 12.5.4.c
STA: A.7.B TOP: 3-3 Solving Inequalities by Multiplying and Dividing
KEY: solving | inequality | graph MSC: solving | inequality | graph
18. ANS: D
2m 18
Divide both sides by 2 to isolate m.
m 9
Use a solid circle when the value is included in the graph, such as with or Use an empty circle when the
value is not included, such as with > or <.

–1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Feedback
A Check that the arrow is pointing in the correct direction.
B To solve the inequality, use division to undo the multiplication.
C Use a solid circle when the value is included in the graph. Use an empty circle when the
value is not included.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 180

OBJ: 3-3.1 Multiplying or Dividing by a Positive Number NAT: 12.5.4.c
STA: A.7.B TOP: 3-3 Solving Inequalities by Multiplying and Dividing
KEY: solving | inequality | graph MSC: solving | inequality | graph
19. ANS: B
 First, identify the labels. The x-axis is the time, and the y-axis is the water level. Then, analyze the sections of
the graph. Over time, the water level increased steadily, then remained unchanged, next decreased steadily,
then increased steadily, and finally remained unchanged.

Feedback
A Look at the graph from left to right. Is the pool refilled with water immediately, or does
the pool have the same level of water for a certain amount of time?
B Correct!
C No doubt that people could be having fun in the pool, but you should use all the
information the graph tells about the level of water as time passes.
D Look at the two segments on the graph that show the pool is filled with water. Does it
take the same amount of time to fill the pool in both instances?

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 232 OBJ: 4-1.3 Writing Situations for Graphs
NAT: 12.5.2.b STA: A.2.C TOP: 4-1 Graphing Relationships
20. ANS: C
A function is a special type of relation that pairs each x-value with exactly one y-value. If the same x-value
has more than one y-value, then the relation is not a function.

Feedback
A A function has a unique y-value for each x-value.
B A function has a unique y-value for each x-value.
C Correct!
D Check the domain and the range. The domain is the set of all x-values; the range is the
set of all y-values.

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 237 OBJ: 4-2.3 Identifying Functions
NAT: 12.5.1.e STA: A.2.B TOP: 4-2 Relations and Functions
KEY: function | relation | input | output
21. ANS: C
The correct equation is y = x + 3.
x 1 2 3 4
x+3 4 5 6 7

Feedback
A Substitute the x-values into your equation to make sure they give the correct y-values.
B Substitute the x-values into your equation to make sure they give the correct y-values.
C Correct!
D Substitute the x-values into your equation to make sure they give the correct y-values.

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 245

OBJ: 4-3.1 Using a Table to Write an Equation NAT: 12.5.2.b
STA: A.1.D TOP: 4-3 Writing Function Rules KEY: table | equation | function
22. ANS: D
Total flowers is 18 per arrangement plus the 64 flowers already bought
f(x) = 18 • x + 64
If Brian buys x flower arrangements, he will have flowers.
 Brian has enough money to buy only up to 5 flower arrangements, so he can buy 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 flower
arrangements. These are the only reasonable values for the domain.
Substitute these values into the function rule to find the range values.
x
0
1
2
3
4
5

The range for this situation is {64, 82, 100, 118, 136, 154}.

Feedback
A "Up to 5" means 5 is included.
B Is 5 the only number in the domain of the function? Is it possible that fewer items were
bought?
C The number 0 also belongs to the domain of the function. It is possible that no item was
bought.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 248

OBJ: 4-3.5 Finding Reasonable Domain and Range of a Function
NAT: 12.5.1.g STA: A.2.B TOP: 4-3 Writing Function Rules
23. ANS: D
Positive correlation: both data sets increase or decrease together.
Taller students tend to have larger shoe sizes, so these data sets would probably have a positive correlation.

Negative correlation: as one data set increases the other decreases.

In general, the higher the average temperature, the fewer snow days there will be. You would expect a
negative correlation between these data sets.

No correlation: changes in one data set do not affect the other data set.
Your height has nothing to do with the number of pets you have, so you would expect no correlation between
these data sets.

Feedback
A The term "constant correlation" isn't used in statistics.
B If one value tends to increase/decrease when the other increases, there is a
positive/negative correlation. Otherwise, there is no correlation.
C In a positive correlation, both sets of data values increase. In a negative correlation, one
set of data values increases as the other set decreases. If there is no relationship between
the data sets, then there is no correlation.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 264 OBJ: 4-5.3 Identifying Correlations
NAT: 12.4.1.a STA: A.2.D TOP: 4-5 Scatter Plots and Trend Lines
KEY: positive correlation | negative correlation | scatter plot
24. ANS: A
 To find the rate of change in the number of swimmers in each time period, divide the change in the number of
swimmers by the change in the number of hours.

10:30 to 12:30

12:30 to 1:30

1:30 to 3:30

3:30 to 5:30

The number of swimmers increased at the fastest rate from 12:30 to 1:30.

Feedback
A Correct!
B The rate of change between 3:30 and 5:30 is 5 swimmers per hour. One of the other
periods has a greater rate.
C The rate of change between 10:30 and 12:30 is 7 swimmers per hour. One of the other
periods has a greater rate.
D The rate of change between 1:30 and 3:30 is 3 swimmers per hour. One of the other
periods has a greater rate.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 310 OBJ: 5-3.1 Application

NAT: 12.5.2.b STA: A.6.B TOP: 5-3 Rate of Change and Slope
25. ANS: D

,
Plot . Count 1 down and 2 right, and plot another point. Draw a line connecting the two points.
y
10

–10 –8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 10 x
–2
(0, –3)
–4 (2, –4)
–6

–8

–10

Feedback
A Check the sign of the slope.
B The slope is the change in y divided by change in x. The numerator tells how many units
 to move up or down. The denominator tells how many units to move to the right.
C Check the sign of the y-intercept.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 336

OBJ: 5-6.3 Using Slope-Intercept Form to Graph NAT: 12.5.3.d
STA: A.6.D TOP: 5-6 Slope-Intercept Form
26. ANS: C
Use the ordered pairs and the slope formula to find the slopes of the four line segments formed by the four
points given. If the points given create two sets of parallel segments, then the quadrilateral formed by the four
points is a parallelogram.

The formula for the slope between two points

y
6 B
5
(x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is
A
4
3
C
2
1
D
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x

Feedback
A Use the slope formula to find the slopes of the sides of the figure.
B Use the correct ordered pairs.
C Correct!
D Use the slope formula to find the slopes of the sides of the figure.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 350 OBJ: 5-8.2 Application

NAT: 12.3.3.g STA: A.6.B TOP: 5-8 Slopes of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
27. ANS: D
is horizontal, and is vertical. These lines are perpendicular.

Check if the product of the slopes of the other two lines is .

has slope . has slope .

The product of the slopes is , so these two lines are also perpendicular.

Feedback
A Check to see whether the other lines are perpendicular.
B Vertical lines are perpendicular to horizontal lines. Also, if the product of the slopes of
two lines is -1, then the lines are perpendicular.
C Check to see whether the other lines are perpendicular.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 351

 OBJ: 5-8.3 Identifying Perpendicular Lines NAT: 12.3.3.g
STA: A.6.B TOP: 5-8 Slopes of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
28. ANS: D
A right triangle contains one right angle. L and N are not right angles, so the only possibility is M. If
LMN is a right triangle, will be perpendicular to .
slope of

slope of

, so is perpendicular to .
LMN is a right triangle because it contains a right angle.

Feedback
A Since the product of the slopes is -1, the lines are perpendicular. LMN is a right triangle
because it contains a right angle.
B Subtract -2 from 8 when calculating the second slope.
C To find the slope, divide the change in y by the change in x.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 351 OBJ: 5-8.4 Application

NAT: 12.3.3.g STA: A.6.B TOP: 5-8 Slopes of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
29. ANS: D
and are parallel lines with slopes equal to 1.
The y-intercept of f(x) is 4, and the y-intercept of g(x) is –1.
The y-intercept has decreased by |4 – (–1)| = 5, so the translation from f(x) to g(x) is 5 units downwards.
y
10

4 f(x)
2

–10 –8 –6 –4 –2 g(x)
2 4 6 8 10 x
–2

–4

–6

–8

–10

The graph is the result of translating the graph of down 5 units.

Feedback
A The direction of translation from f(x) to g(x) is downward when the y-intercept
decreases.
B The distance between two numbers is the absolute value of their difference.
C The translation is upward only if the y-intercept increases.
D Correct!
 PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 358 OBJ: 5-9.1 Translating Linear Functions
NAT: 12.5.2.d STA: A.6.C TOP: 5-9 Transforming Linear Functions
30. ANS: D
First x is multiplied by –2. Then 14 is added.
Work backward: Subtract 14 from both sides.

Since x is multiplied by –2, divide both sides by –2 to undo the

multiplication.

Feedback
A To solve for the variable, work backward.
B Substitute the solution in the original equation to check your answer.
C Check the signs.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 92 OBJ: 2-3.1 Solving Two-Step Equations
NAT: 12.5.4.a STA: A.4.A TOP: 2-3 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Equations
31. ANS: C

Since is subtracted from , add to both sides to undo

the subtraction.

Since f is divided by 45, multiply both sides by 45 to undo the

division.
Simplify.

Feedback
A First, add to undo the subtraction. Then, multiply to undo the division.
B Check your signs.
C Correct!
D First, add to undo the subtraction. Then, multiply to undo the division.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 93

OBJ: 2-3.2 Solving Two-Step Equations That Contain Fractions
NAT: 12.5.4.a STA: A.4.A TOP: 2-3 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Equations
32. ANS: A
8y – 8 = 24 Add 8 to both sides of the equation.
+8 +8
8y = 32

8y = 32 Divide both sides by 8.

8 8
y= 4
 2(4) = 8 Apply 4 to 2y.

Feedback
A Correct!
B Add before multiplying.
C To undo subtraction, add to both sides.
D To undo multiplication, divide.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 95

OBJ: 2-3.5 Solving Equations to Find an Indicated Value STA: A.4.A
TOP: 2-3 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Equations
33. ANS: A

Combine like terms.

Add to undo the subtraction. Or subtract to undo the addition.
Then, divide to undo the multiplication.
1
n = 12

Feedback
A Correct!
B Add to undo the subtraction. Or subtract to undo the addition. Then, divide to undo the
multiplication.
C Add to undo the subtraction. Or subtract to undo the addition. Then, divide to undo the
multiplication.
D Combine like terms, and then solve.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 101

OBJ: 2-4.2 Simplifying Each Side Before Solving Equations NAT: 12.5.3.c
STA: A.4.A TOP: 2-4 Solving Equations with Variables on Both Sides
KEY: equations | equivalent equations | terms
34. ANS: C
Locate V in the equation.
Since V is divided by I, multiply both sides by I to undo the division.

Feedback
A Multiply both sides by I to isolate r.
B Multiply both sides by I to isolate r.
C Correct!
D Multiply both sides by I to isolate r.

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 108

OBJ: 2-5.2 Solving Formulas for a Variable NAT: 12.5.4.f
STA: A.4.A TOP: 2-5 Solving for a Variable KEY: literal equation | solving | variables
35. ANS: D
 Add z to both sides.

Divide both sides by 4.

Feedback
A To undo subtraction, add to both sides.
B Both terms need to be divided by the coefficient of x.
C To undo multiplication, divide.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 108

OBJ: 2-5.3 Solving Literal Equations for a Variable NAT: 12.5.4.f
STA: A.4.A TOP: 2-5 Solving for a Variable
36. ANS: D

Use cross products.

Divide both sides by 6.

Feedback
A Use cross products to solve.
B Cross multiply.
C Multiply the numerator of one fraction by the denominator of the other fraction.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 116 OBJ: 2-6.4 Solving Proportions
NAT: 12.1.4.c STA: A.6.G TOP: 2-6 Rates Ratios and Proportions
KEY: proportion | cross products
37. ANS: D
Divide both sides by 7.
What numbers are 7 units from 0?

Case 1: Case 2: Rewrite the equation as two cases.

x–6=7 x – 6 = –7 The solutions are x = 13 or x = –1.

Feedback
A Divide before you add or subtract. There are two cases to solve.
B Absolute value means distance from zero. Solve the second case when the number
inside the absolute value is negative.
 C Divide before you add or subtract.
D Correct!

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 294

OBJ: 2-Ext.1 Solving Absolute-Value Equations
TOP: 2-Ext Solving Absolute-Value Equations

SHORT ANSWER

38. ANS:
s = 46
When something is added to the variable, add its opposite to both sides of the equation to isolate the variable.
Here, –14 is added to the variable, so add 14 to both sides of the equation to isolate s.

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 78

OBJ: 2-1.3 Solving Equations by Adding the Opposite NAT: 12.5.4.a
STA: A.4.A TOP: 2-1 Solving Equations by Adding or Subtracting
39. ANS:

Use the Commutative Property of Addition.

Combine like terms.
Since 10 is added to 17a, subtract 10 from both sides to undo
the addition.

Since a is multiplied by 17, divide both sides by 17 to undo the

multiplication.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 93

OBJ: 2-3.3 Simplifying Before Solving Equations NAT: 12.5.3.c
STA: A.4.A TOP: 2-3 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Equations
40. ANS:
1.55

Substitute 3750 for p, 3000 for n, and 900 for e.

Add 900 to both sides of the equation.
Divide both sides by 3000.

PTS: 1 DIF: Advanced NAT: 12.5.4.a STA: A.4.A

TOP: 2-3 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Equations
41. ANS:
n –7

–10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10

Use inverse operations to undo the operations in the inequality one at a time.
 n–4 3
n –7

–10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10

Use a solid circle when the value is included in the graph, such as with or Use an empty circle when the
value is not included, such as with > or <.

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 188

OBJ: 3-4.1 Solving Multi-Step Inequalities NAT: 12.5.4.a
STA: A.7.B TOP: 3-4 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities
KEY: solving | two-step inequality MSC: solving | two-step inequality
42. ANS:
x<5

–13 –12 –11 –10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Subtract 3x from both sides to collect the x terms on one side of the
3x < 15
inequality symbol.
x<5 Divide both sides by 3.

–13 –12 –11 –10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 194

OBJ: 3-5.1 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides NAT: 12.5.4.c
STA: A.1.C TOP: 3-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides
MSC: multistep inequality | solving | word problem
43. ANS:

–10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

On the left side, combine the two terms. On the right side, distribute 1.5.

Subtract the 1.5x from both sides of the inequality.

6

Divide both sides of the inequality by . Reverse the inequality symbol.

3

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 195

OBJ: 3-5.3 Simplifying Each Side Before Solving NAT: 12.5.4.c
STA: A.1.C TOP: 3-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides
44. ANS:
all real numbers
 When the inequality is simplified, if the result is a statement that is always true, then the solution set includes
all real numbers. If the result is a statement that is always false, then there are no solutions to the inequality.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 196 OBJ: 3-5.4 Identities and Contradictions
NAT: 12.5.3.c STA: A.7.B TOP: 3-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides
45. ANS:
D: {–8, 0, 5, 6}; R: {–15, 0, 11, 13}
The domain is the set of all x-values. The range is the set of all y-values.

PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 237

OBJ: 4-2.2 Finding the Domain and Range of a Relation NAT: 12.5.1.g
STA: A.2.B TOP: 4-2 Relations and Functions KEY: domain | range | function | relation
46. ANS:
6
Locate 2 on the x-axis. Move up or down to the graph of the function. Then, move right or left to the y-axis to
find the corresponding value of y.
y
y =6
6
5
4
3
2
1

–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

–2
–3
–4
–5
–6

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 254 OBJ: 4-4.3 Finding Values Using Graphs
NAT: 12.5.2.b STA: A.1.D TOP: 4-4 Graphing Functions
KEY: graph | solution | equation
47. ANS:
undefined
A line has positive slope if it rises from left to right.
A line has negative slope if it falls from left to right.
A line has zero slope if it is a horizontal line.
A line has undefined slope if it is a vertical line.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: Page 312 OBJ: 5-3.5 Describing Slope
NAT: 12.5.2.b STA: A.6.B TOP: 5-3 Rate of Change and Slope
48. ANS:
3
y = 2x + 2
The slope-intercept form is y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. Substituting 2 for the
3 3
slope and 2 for the y-intercept gives y = 2x + 2 .
PTS: 1 DIF: Basic REF: Page 335
OBJ: 5-6.2 Writing Linear Equations in Slope-Intercept Form NAT: 12.5.3.d
STA: A.6.D TOP: 5-6 Slope-Intercept Form
KEY: slope | y-intercept | slope-intercept form