Acctability - Carino (ACCN) 209

Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.
ADMINISTRATIVE
ACCOUNTABILITY:
A Review of the Evolution, Meaning and
Operationalization of a Key Concept in
Public Administration
(Ledivina V. Carino)
Accountability
 Activities of civil servants and public agencies

must follow the will of the people to whom
they are ultimately responsible.
 Evaluation of whether such action would be
within or out of bounds of their authority.
 Discussion of ethics is a threat to the doctrine
of the separation of church and state
Accountability Defined
Herman Finer
Degree of effective answerability which in a democratic government is
ascertained “not by officials who decide their own course, but by the
elected representatives of the public … (who) determine the course of
action of public servants to the most minute degree that is technically
feasible”
Chandler and Plano

- A condition in which individuals who exercise power are constrained by
external means and by internal norms.
- The institution of a system of checks and balances in an organization
through which an administrator accounts for his stewardship of
resources or authority.
UN / Elia Armstrong
The obligation on the part of public officials to report on the usage of
public resources and answerability for failing to meet stated
performance objectives
Accountability and Public Administration
Accountability Public Focus or Goal

Administration
Traditional Traditional PA -Economy and efficiency of operations
-Regularity of fiscal transactions and faithful
compliance and adherence to legal
requirements and administrative policies.
Managerial Traditional PA -Search for theories that can describe and
Development explain the management of economic growth.
Administration - Efficiency and economy in the use of public
funds, property, manpower and other
resources.
Program New Public -Responsiveness and effectiveness of
Administration programs.
--Results of government operations.
Process Development - Empowerment of the people as participants

PA in the process of administration.
-Procedures and methods of operation and
systems that transforms inputs to outputs.
Accountability and Types of

Bureaucratic Power
Accountability Type of Power
Traditional Control  strengthened by rules
 Heavy penalties for violation
 Little encouragement for

initiative & innovative
performance
Managerial Control  restrict utilization of resources
 System reigns supreme w/o
regard to effect on program
Supervision Allows flexibility in the use of
resources as long as general
guidelines are observed
Accountability and Types of

Bureaucratic Power
Accountability Type of Power Focus

Program Management Find out if goals have been
attained
Influence Convince employees that his
definition of the situation is
preferable and should prevail
Process Supervision Allow discretion in the
approach to the program
Management Face up to errors and embrace
them as learning points for
growth
Discretion and Accountability
Bureaucratic vs Professional Norms

 Technical standards of the profession most relevant
to the program may not completely coincide with or
support all the standards of the bureaucracy
 The bureaucrat may be forced to choose between
the criteria of his agency or those of his profession.
 Herman Finer – “to whom and for what one is
responsible”
 Carl Friedrich – “to whom and for whom one feels
responsible and behaves responsibly”
Legal Decisions Moral Decisions

 Procedure-based decisions that  Value-based decisions that are
are dependent upon historical content and context-specific
precedent  Requires a technique to prove
 Capacity to limit arbitrary whether or not the bureaucrat tried
behavior to do as much as what is in his
 Ethics of civility power to do according to his best
 Bureaucrats become legalistic,
understanding of public interest
which leads to goal displacement  Positive proaction
 Too much legalism may become  ethics of consciousness
a major factor inhibiting

development
Extrabureaucratic Standards and

Irresponsible Behavior
 Putting the family above all others and cultural
values may lead to decisions that are grossly unfair
to people who are not beneficiaries of the
particularistic allocations
 Intrusion of values is not the culprit in the
commission of irresponsible behavior but what
motivates people
 Most of the corruption are market-type transactions
where greed for money and power is the primordial
force.
Towards Increasing Accountability
 Bureaucratic Reorientation
 Growth of Professionalism
 Course on Ethics
 Changing the Regulators
 COA & CSC to provide more information on their
guiding norms and decisions
 Proactive role for the Tanodbayan
 Participation of the President and the legislature in
the prevention and punishment of graft and
corruption
 Citizen Involvement
Conclusion
The concept of accountability is an integral

whole, and fiscal accountability is part of, not
apart from, the larger accountability of
government and government officials to the
people. All public officers and employees are
accountable to the people for their overt acts,
neglects or omissions while in government
service. (Second Paragraph of Section 6 of GAAM, Vol. 1)

Acctability - Carino (ACCN) 209

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Deskripsi Asli:

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Acctability - Carino (ACCN) 209

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software

http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

 Activities of civil servants and public agencies

Chandler and Plano

Accountability and Public Administration

Accountability Public Focus or Goal

Process Development - Empowerment of the people as participants

Accountability and Types of

 Little encouragement for

Accountability and Types of

Accountability Type of Power Focus

Discretion and Accountability

Bureaucratic vs Professional Norms

Discretion and Accountability

Legal Decisions Moral Decisions

 Too much legalism may become  ethics of consciousness

a major factor inhibiting

Discretion and Accountability

Extrabureaucratic Standards and

Towards Increasing Accountability

The concept of accountability is an integral

Anda mungkin juga menyukai