DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

Halaman Judul .................................................................................................... i

Lembar Pernyataan Originalitas Dan Publikasi ................................................. ii

Lembar Pengesehan Penguji............................................................................... iii

Lembar Pengesahan ........................................................................................... iv

Abstrak ............................................................................................................... v

Kata Pengantar ................................................................................................... vi

Daftar Isi ............................................................................................................. viii

Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................... xiii

Daftar Tabel ...................................................................................................... xvii

Daftar Lampiran ................................................................................................. xix

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang ....................................................................... 1

1.2 Permasalahan ......................................................................... 3

1.3 Pembatasan Masalah .............................................................. 4

1.4 Tujuan Penulisan ................................................................... 4

1.5 Metode Penulisan ................................................................... 4

1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................ 5

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BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Ilmu Material .......................................................................... 10

2.2 Ilmu Logam ............................................................................ 10

2.3 Motor Bakar ............................................................................ 17

2.3.1 Prinsip Kerja Motor Bakar Bensin ............................... 17

2.3.2 Klasifikasai Motor Bakar Bensin .................................. 18

2.3.2.1 Sepeda Motor 2 Tak ......................................... 19

2.3.2.2 Sepeda Motor 4 Tak ......................................... 21

2.4 Proses Keliling Motor Bensin 4 Tak....................................... 23

2.5 Piston....................................................................................... 24

2.5.1 Gesekan Antara Piston + Ring Dan Silinder ................ 28

2.5.2 Alumunium ................................................................... 28

2.6 Pengujian Logam..................................................................... 39

2.6.1 Non Destructive Test (NDT).......................................... 40

2.6.2 Destructive Test (DT) ................................................... 43

2.7 Pengujian Metalografi ........................................................... 44

2.7.1 Bahan Atau Perlengkapan Pengujian Metalografi ........ 46

2.8 Pengujian Kekerasan.............................................................. 47

2.8.1 Pengujian Kekarasan Rockwell...................................... 51

2.8.1.1 Sepeda Motor 4 Tak .............................................. 57

2.9 Pengujian Heat Treatment......................................................... 58

2.9.1 Annealing...................................................................... 59

2.9.2 Hardening………......................................................... 60

2.9.3 Quenching………......................................................... 61

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 2.9.2 Tempering………............................................................... 60

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN

3.1 Persiapan Bahan....................................................................... 64

3.2 Persiapan Alat Pengujian......................................................... 65

3.2.1 Persiapan Alat Dan Bahan Uji........................................ 66

3.2.1.1 Ragum .............................................................. 66

3.2.1.2 Gergaji Tangan ................................................. 67

3.2.1.3 Kikir Tangan .................................................... 67

3.2.1.4 Tang Kombinasi Dan Tang Khusus ................. 68

3.2.1.5 Mesin Polishing................................................. 68

3.2.2 Alat Uji Kandungan Komposisi Logam.......................... 69

3.2.3 Alat Uji Kekeasan ........................................................... 70

3.2.4 Alat Uji Struktur Mikro.................................................... 72

3.3.6 Alat Uji Heat Treatment.................................................. 74

3.3 Pembentukan Bahan Uji......................................................... 76

3.3.1 Pembentukan Bahan Pengujian Komposisi Logam....... 76

3.3.2 Pembentukan Bahan Uji Kekerasan Logam................. 76

3.3.3 Pembentukan Bahan Pengujian Struktur Mikro........... 78

3.4 Metode Pengujian .................................................................. 79

3.4.1 Uji Kekerasan .............................................................. 80

3.4.2 Uji Struktur Mikro ....................................................... 83

3.4.3 Uji Perlakuan Panas ..................................................... 88

3.5 Skema Penelitian ................................................................... 89

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BAB IV HASIL UJI DAN PEMBAHASAN

4.1 Hasil Uji ................................................................................. 92

4.1.1 Hasil Uji Komposisi Kandungan Logam ...................... 94

4.1.2 Hasil Uji Kekerasan ...................................................... 95

4.1.2.1 Uji Kekerasan Piston 2 Tak Jenis Yamaha F1ZR

110 cc Sebelum Perlakuan Panas ................................. 96

4.1.2.2 Uji Kekerasan Piston 2 Tak Jenis Yamaha F1ZR

110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit Dengan

Temperatur 300◦ C ...................................................... 97

4.1.2.3 Uji Kekerasan Piston 2 Tak Jenis Yamaha F1ZR

110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit Dengan

Temperatur 400◦ C ...................................................... 98

4.1.2.4 Uji Kekerasan Piston 2 Tak Jenis Yamaha F1ZR

110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit Dengan

Temperatur 500◦ C ...................................................... 99

4.1.2.5 Uji Kekerasan Piston 4 Tak Jenis Yamaha Jupiter

Z 110 cc Sebelum Perlakuan Panas .............................. 101

4.1.2.6 Uji Kekerasan Piston 4 Tak Jenis Yamaha Jupiter

Z 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit

Dengan Temperatur 300◦ C ........................................ 102

4.1.2.7 Uji Kekerasan Piston 4 Tak Jenis Yamaha Jupiter

Z 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit

Dengan Temperatur 400◦ C ........................................ 103

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 4.1.2.8 Uji Kekerasan Piston 4 Tak Jenis Yamaha Jupiter

Z 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit

Dengan Temperatur 500◦ C ........................................ 104

4.1.3 Hasil Uji Struktur Mikro .............................................. 106

4.1.3.1 Struktur Mikro Piston 2 Tak Jenis Yamaha F1ZR

110 cc Sebelum Perlakuan Panas ................................. 106

4.1.3.2 Uji Struktur Mikro Piston 2 Tak Jenis Yamaha

F1ZR 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit

Dengan Temperatur 300◦ C ........................................ 107

4.1.3.3 Uji Struktur Mikro Piston 2 Tak Jenis Yamaha

F1ZR 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit

Dengan Temperatur 400◦ C ........................................ 107

4.1.3.4 Uji Struktur Mikro Piston 2 Tak Jenis Yamaha

F1ZR 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60 Menit

Dengan Temperatur 500◦ C ........................................ 108

4.1.3.5 Struktur Mikro Piston 4 Tak Jenis Yamaha Jupiter

Z 110 cc Sebelum Perlakuan Panas .............................. 109

4.1.3.6 Uji Struktur Mikro Piston 4 Tak Jenis Yamaha

Jupiter Z 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60

Menit Dengan Temperatur 300◦ C .............................. 110

4.1.3.7 Uji Struktur Mikro Piston 4 Tak Jenis Yamaha

Jupiter Z 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60

Menit Dengan Temperatur 400◦ C .............................. 111

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 4.1.3.8 Uji Struktur Mikro Piston 4 Tak Jenis Yamaha

Jupiter Z 110 cc Sesudah Perlakuan Panas Selama 60

Menit Dengan Temperatur 500◦ C .............................. 112

4.2 Pembahasan ........................................................................... 113

4.2.1 Analisa Uji Komposisi Kandungan Logam................... 113

4.2.2 Analisa Uji Kekerasan .................................................. 116

4.2.3 Analisa Uji Struktur Mikro ........................................... 120

BAB V PENUTUP

4.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................ 125

4.2 Saran ...................................................................................... 127

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

LAMPIRAN

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