14-600-003

FIRE SAFETY & EMERGENCY PLAN

per

NATIONAL FIRE CODE OF CANADA

(1995)

for

PROVINCE OF NEW BRUNSWICK

GROUP A OCCUPANCIES
DIVISION 2
SCHOOLS

Prepared by:

EDEN MCAULEY
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM COORDINATOR
DEPARTMENT OF SUPPLY AND SERVICES
FACILITIES MANAGEMENT

August 1996
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INDEX

1. INTRODUCTION

2. GENERAL CONDITIONS

3. FIRE SAFETY PLAN

4. SPECIAL/MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

5. FIRE DRILLS

6. INSPECTION, TESTING, MAINTENANCE & OPERATION

7. RECORD KEEPING

8. APPENDIX
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INTRODUCTION

National Fire Code (NFC) establishes the standard for fire prevention, fire fighting and life
safety in buildings in use, including standards for the conduct of activities causing fire
hazards, maintenance of fire safety equipment and egress facilities, standards for portable
extinguishers, limitations on building contents and the establishment of fire safety plans
including the organization of supervisory staff for emergency purposes. In addition, the
NFC establishes the standards for prevention, containment and fighting of fires originating
outside buildings which may present a hazard to a community and sets standards for the
storage and handling of dangerous goods, flammable liquids and combustible liquids.

The NFC 1995 Part 1, Section 1, Subsection 1, Article 1, states: "Responsibility - unless
otherwise specified, the owner or the owner's authorized agent shall be responsible for
carrying out the provisions of this Code."

The Authorities Having Jurisdiction (A.H.J.) interpret the above Article to mean that the
owner of any facility is responsible for providing a safe building with applicable safety
systems per Code, and the owner or owner's representative is responsible for the on-going
testing, inspection, maintenance and upkeep of said systems, (per applicable Codes and
Manufacturer's recommendations) and the establishment and implementation of a fire
safety plan approved by the A.H.J.

The A.H.J. notes that the inspection and maintenance of safety systems may be
contracted out to approved firms/individuals, providing proper record keeping.
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GENERAL CONDITIONS

Fire emergency procedures shall be provided for:

• Every building containing a Group A or B occupancy.

• Every building required by the NBC to have a fire alarm system.
• Demolition and construction sites.
• Buildings used for the short or long term storage of raw materials, goods in process, or
finished goods as classified in NFC Article 3.2.1.1 and 3.3.1.1.
• Areas where flammable or combustible liquids are stored or handled.
• Areas where hazardous materials are present.

Supervisory staff shall be instructed in the fire emergency procedures as described in the
fire safety plan before they are given any responsibility for fire safety.

Adequately trained supervisory staff can be of great value in directing people to move in an
orderly fashion in the event of a fire and in carrying out appropriate fire control measures
until the fire department arrives. These measures are, as described in the fire safety plan,
developed in co-operation with the fire department. The supervisory staff referred to in this
safety plan are assigned their responsibilities by the building owner, unless the public fire
department is prepared to take on these responsibilities. It is not intended that supervisory
staff be in the building on a continuous basis, but be available to fulfill their obligations as
described in the fire safety plan on notification of a fire emergency.

Keys or special devices needed to operate any fire systems or provide access to any fire
protection systems or equipment or to operate elevators shall be readily available to on-
duty supervising staff and/or fire department. Annunciator Panels and/or offices at the
front entrance are normally used for this purpose.
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FIRE SAFETY PLAN

A. The emergency procedures to be used in case of fire include:

1. Sounding the fire alarm. These procedures should also include instructions to
authorized personnel for silencing fire alarm signals under specific conditions. If
special keys or devices are required to operate the alarm system, they should be
readily available to supervisory staff on duty.

2. Notify the fire department. Written instructions regarding emergency conditions are
to be permanently posted at all manual station locations and also be incorporated
with fire safety diagrams.

3. Homing elevators. Keys or special devices required are to be housed together with
other such devices in the Annunciator Panel at the front entrance.

4. Instructing occupants on procedures to be followed when the fire alarm sounds. All
occupants are to be supplied and assisted with a short manual regarding
emergency procedures.

5. Evacuating endangered occupants, including special provisions for the disabled.

Fire safety for disabled persons in buildings will depend to a large extent on
preplanning and on their awareness of the fire protection measures incorporated
into the building. It is required to advise disabled occupants of what these
provisions are by means of notices or handouts. Staff should be aware of which
rooms are occupied by disabled persons and should notify the responding fire
department of these facts. A detailed list of such occupants and pertinent
information must be compiled and monitored at all times.

6. Manning the front door to receive and assist the fire department. (This duty is the
responsibility of supervisory staff only.)

7. Activating emergency ventilation systems.

8. Investigate the zone in alarm condition.

NOTE: supervisory staff is to investigate only after a member is already at the front
door. (See 6 above). If only one staff member is available they are to man the front
door.
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9. Confining, controlling and extinguishing the fire. Supervisory staff are to be

instructed in the operation of building facilities provided for the safety of occupants
including fire alarm systems, fire (smoke) doors, fire extinguishers, hose systems,
emergency communication systems and ventilation. Specifically, the problem area
must be isolated by use of doors and windows and occupants are to be directed
away from this area.
NOTE: It is NOT intended that supervisory staff involve themselves in true
emergency situations, but be capable of handling minor problems.

B The appointment and organization of designated supervisory staff to carry out fire
safety duties. On-site security/maintenance staff are ideally suited, supplemented
where applicable by occupant wardens. As indicated in Part 2 it is not required that
supervisory staff be "in house" at all times.

C. The instruction of supervisory staff and wardens in their responsibilities for fire
safety.

D. The preparation of diagrams showing the type, location and operation of the
building fire emergency systems. Diagrams are to be displayed prominently and
permanently on every floor (lobby). Diagrams to include brief emergency
instructions. For sample drawing see Appendix.

E. The holding of fire drills. Drills are to be fully supervised including appointed staff,
wardens and occupants. Written records must be logged accordingly. See also
Parts 5, 6 and 7.

F. The control of fire hazards in the building including storage areas, electrical
systems, HVAC systems, access and egress, individual suite safety. See also
Parts 4 and 6.

G. The inspection and maintenance of building facilities provided for the safety of
occupants. See Parts 6, 7 and 8.

H. The Fire Safety Plan shall be in the building for references by the Fire Department,
supervisory staff and other personnel. This is to include all aspects of the plan
including records of tests and drills, lists of disabled occupants, workers,
supervisory staff and maintenance logs.

I. A copy of the fire emergency procedures and other duties for supervisory staff, as
laid down in the Fire Safety Plan, shall be given to all supervisory staff. Any new
staff shall be educated of their duties immediately upon arrival.
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J. 1. When any portion of the fire alarm system is temporarily shut down for any
reason, including maintenance or periodic inspection, alternative measures
shall be taken to ensure that all persons in the building can be informed
promptly, and the fire department notified if a fire should occur while the alarm
system is out of service.

2. Appropriate alternative measures for informing building occupants and the fire
department of a fire during a shut down of a fire alarm system should be worked
out in co-operation with the local fire department. The alternative measures
decided upon should be recorded as part of the building fire safety plan.
Normally the accepted procedure involves security staff walking corridors on an
hour to hour basis recording both the time of day and seemingly relevant
information. The on tour watch person should be equipped with the means to
contact the security office immediately (i.e. mobile phone, etc.). Should the
watch person discover a fire they should immediately commence the circle of
emergency procedures detailed in Section A, beginning with ringing the fire
department. In this scenario where there is no means to ring fire bells, special
attention must be directed to evacuating occupants in the immediate trouble
area.

K. Activities which create a hazard and which are not allowed for in the original design
shall not be carried out in a building unless acceptable provisions are made to
control the hazard ("approved" by AHJ).

L. Where fire separations are damaged so as to affect their integrity, they shall be
repaired immediately so that the integrity of the fire separation is maintained.

M. 1. Combustible waste materials in and around buildings shall not be permitted to

accumulate in quantities or locations that will constitute an undue fire hazard.

2. Combustible materials, other than those for which the location, room or space is
designed, shall not be permitted to accumulate in any part of an elevator shaft,
ventilation shaft, means of egress, service room or service space. (The defined
term for service rooms includes boiler rooms, furnace rooms, incinerator rooms,
garbage rooms, janitors' closets and rooms to accommodate air-conditioning or
heating appliances, pumps, compressors and electrical services. The intent
then, is to discourage the use of these rooms for storage of miscellaneous
combustible materials. If storage space is needed in a building, a room that
does not contain building service equipment should be provided. Even in
garbage rooms, combustible materials should not be allowed to accumulate.
When the garbage is periodically cleared from the room, the room should be
empty, except for the garbage container itself.)
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3. Horizontal concealed spaces, such as crawl spaces, shall not be used for the
storage of combustible materials.

4. Combustible materials shall not be stored on a roof or adjacent to any building

so as to create a fire hazard to the building or its occupants.

N. 1. All greasy or oily rags, materials subject to a spontaneous heating, etc. shall be
deposited in a receptacle constructed of noncombustible materials with a close-
fitting metal cover and if the flooring material upon which it is placed is
combustible, have a flanged bottom or legs not less than 50 mm high.

2. All cigarette ashes shall be stored in receptacles conforming to the above, and
combustible materials shall not be stored with ashes in the same container.

3. Non combustible receptacles as required above shall not be placed closer than
1 metre from combustible materials, except as previously noted regarding
flooring material.

O. 1. Fire department shall have direct access to at least one face of every building
by means of a street, yard or private roadway.

2. Access panels or windows provided to facilitate access for fire fighting

operations shall not be obstructed by vehicles, vegetation, signs or any form of
construction.

3. Where access to a roof is provided for fire fighting purposes, keys shall be
provided for locked roof access doors in an acceptable location accessible to
the fire fighters.
4. Access to fire department connections for sprinkler or stand-pipe systems by fire
fighters and their equipment shall be maintained free of obstructions at all
times.
5. Street, yards and private roadways provided for fire department access shall be
maintained so as to be ready for use at all times by fire department vehicles.
6. Vehicles shall not be parked to obstruct access by fire department vehicles and
signs shall be posted prohibiting such parking.

P. Devices on any required exit door shall be maintained such that the door may be
readily opened from the inside without the use of keys and shall be designed to be
opened in a conventional manner without the use of unusual devices or requiring a
specialized knowledge of the door opening device.
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Q. Storage and Handling of Flammable Liquids, Combustible Liquids and Hazardous

Materials

In buildings within the scope of Part 4 and/or 5 of the National Fire Code,
(laboratories, shops and, potentially garages and kitchens) the Fire Safety Plan, in
addition to all other requirements noted, shall include the following information.

1. For the purpose of this section, flammable and combustible liquids shall be
classified in conformance with NFPA standards for Class 1 liquids (flammable),
and/or Class 2 or Class 3A liquids (combustible).

2. Portable extinguishers shall be provided and maintained as required elsewhere

in this Plan and in Part 6 of NFC.

3. In addition to extinguishers required above, fire protection equipment shall be

provided where there are special hazards of operation, dispensing or storage.

4. Open flames and spark-producing devices shall not be used in a manner that
will create a fire hazard in areas described in this section.

5. Except for acceptable designated smoking areas, smoking shall not be permitted
in areas described in this section, and signs that conform to NFC 2.4.2.2. shall
be prominently posted in those areas.

6. Areas described in the Plan shall be kept clean and free of ground vegetation
and accumulations of combustible materials not essential to operations.
Cleaning rags shall be stored in receptacles conforming to this Plan.

7. Required aisles and other access paths shall be maintained to permit the
unobstructed movement of personnel and fire department apparatus so that fire
fighting operations can be carried out in any part of an area used for the storage,
use or handling of flammable liquids or combustible liquids.

8. Rooms or enclosed spaces shall be provided with either natural or continuous

mechanical ventilation where
(a) Class I liquids are stored, processed, dispensed or used, or
(b) Class II liquids are processed, dispensed or used.

9. Where storage consists of only prepackaged containers of flammable liquids or

combustible liquids and no dispensing operations are performed, ventilation
need not be provided.
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10. Inlet and exhaust openings and associated ducts shall be kept free of any
obstructions that may interfere with the operation of the ventilation system.

11. All flammable liquids and combustible liquids shall be stored in acceptable
storage tanks or containers.

12. Maintenance and operating procedures shall be established to prevent the

escape of flammable liquids or combustible liquids to areas where they would
create a fire hazard.

13. Flammable liquids or combustible liquids shall not be stored in or adjacent to

exits, elevators or principal routes that provide access to exits.

14. Flammable liquids and combustible liquids shall be separated from other
dangerous goods.

15. Flammable liquids and combustible liquids shall be kept in closed containers and
stored in a cabinet conforming to this section or in a room having no openings
communicating directly with the public portions of the building. Room must be
fire separated from rest of building in accordance with N.B.C. Storage cabinets
required in this section shall conform to ULC-C1275, STORAGE CABINETS
FOR FLAMMABLE LIQUID CONTAINERS.

16. (a) The storage of flammable liquids and combustible liquids outside of a
cabinet or room as specified in this section is permitted, provided such
storage does not exceed 10 L, including not more than 5 L of Class I liquid,
in a single room, or

(b) 250L, including not more than 60L of Class II liquid, or 10L of Class I liquid,
in a single fire compartment having at least a 45 minute fire separation.

17. In the automotive shops or industrial arts area of an educational facility, storage
of up to 75 L of flammable liquids and combustible liquids, including not more
than 25 L of Class I liquid, shall be permitted outside of a cabinet or room.

18. Where individual containers with a storage capacity of more than 5 L are
required for storage of flammable liquids or combustible liquids in the building,
metal safety cans conforming to applicable CSA/ULC Standards, and of not
more than 25 L capacity, shall be used. Containers of flammable liquids or
combustible liquids shall be kept closed when not in use.
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19. Flammable liquids shall not be stored, handled or used in basements, except not
more than 5L of flammable liquid is permitted to be stored in basements,
provided it is stored in safety cans conforming to NFC 4.2.3.

20. Storage rooms in this section shall be liquid-tight where the walls join the floor.
Storage rooms shall be designed to accommodate possible spills.

21. Every storage room shall be ventilated in conformance with this section.
Mechanical ventilation shall be used if flammable liquids are dispensed within
the storage.

22. The contents of flammable liquid and combustible liquid storage rooms shall be
arranged to provide aisle widths of not less than 1 m.

23. Portable extinguishers shall be provided for storage rooms in conformance with
Part 6 of NFC.

24. Flammable liquids and combustible liquids stored in cabinets shall be in

containers conforming to this section.

25. Cabinets for containers storage shall be labelled in conspicuous lettering to

indicate that the cabinet contains flammable materials and that open flames
must be kept away.

26. Hazardous materials, processes and operations shall be located and the
premises maintained so that the means of egress will not be obstructed in any
manner that would interfere with evacuation of the floor area in the event of a
fire.

27. The fire safety plan shall also include:

(a) The product classifications for each part of the building where products of
different classification are stored.
(b) The method of storage.
(c) The location and identification of storage and use areas for specific
products.
(d) The names, addresses and telephone numbers of persons to be contacted
in case of fire during nonoperating hours.
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R. Laboratories

This section applies to laboratories where dangerous goods, including flammable

liquids and combustible liquids, are used.

1. Interior finish materials, floors, fixed furniture and equipment shall be chemically
resistant to dangerous goods being used in a laboratory to minimize their
deterioration.

2. Measures shall be taken to prevent or minimize corrosion or deterioration of

shelving, racks, and piping system components, due to contact with stored
dangerous goods.

3. Floors in areas where dangerous goods are stored shall be constructed of

impermeable materials to prevent the absorption of chemicals.

4. Class 5 oxidizing substances shall not be stored on combustible floors or

platforms.

5. A laboratory shall be separated from other parts of the building by fire

separations conforming to the National Building Code of Canada 1995, but
having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1 h.

6. Fire drills shall be held at intervals not greater than 3 months in a laboratory.

7. Personnel working in a laboratory shall be trained in the safe handling and use
of dangerous goods, in conformance with sentences 8, 9, and 10.

8. In a building regulated by this section, at least one person shall be

(a) trained in conformance with sentence (9),

(b) in responsible charge during operating hours, and
(c) available to respond to a day or night emergency.

9. The person in responsible charge specified in sentence (8) shall be trained in

the correct procedures for the handling, storing and offering for transport of
dangerous goods in accordance with

(a) the appropriate federal, provincial, or territorial occupational safety and

health regulations, or
(b) in the absence of regulations mentioned in Clause (a),
(i) the “Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations”, or
(ii) the “Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System” (WHMIS).
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10. All employees involved in the storage and handling of dangerous goods shall be
trained in safe handling procedures and correct responses to an emergency
situation.

11. Products classified as dangerous goods shall display appropriate identifying

labels from the time they enter a facility until they are issued as finished products
or waste material. Fire fighters need to identify the substances they may
encounter in a building during a fire. Labelling of products to comply with the
“Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System” (WHMIS) or other
provincial, territorial or federal legislation is deemed to satisfy this requirement.

12. Individual storage areas used for storage of dangerous goods shall be clearly
designated as such by posted placards conforming to the “Transportation of
Dangerous Goods Regulations”.

13. Where storage consists of a single product, only the UN Product Identification
Number (PIN) need be posted.

14. Where storage consists of multiple products within the same class, the individual
class and division placard shall be posted.

15. Where storage consists of more than one class, a placard for each individual
class, or the “Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations” Danger symbol
shall be posted at the entrance to the storage area.

16. Individual storage areas described in sentence (12) shall be identified in the fire
safety plan.

17. Measures shall be taken to prevent access to the laboratory by unauthorized

persons.

18. Where combustible materials, such as packaging materials, are used in a

laboratory, their quantity shall not be greater than the supply for one day of
normal operation.

19. Combustible materials in excess of those permitted in sentence (18) shall be

stored outside of the laboratory, in conformance with section Q.

20. Absorbent and neutralizing materials shall be provided in the laboratory and in
the dangerous goods storage areas in conformance with sentence 22.
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21. Measures to control spilled liquid or solid dangerous goods shall be provided in
conformance with section Q.

22. Materials or liquids used in cleanup of spills and leakages of dangerous goods
shall be

(a) compatible and non-reactive with the dangerous goods being cleaned up,
and
(b) disposed of in conformance with section Q.

23. Except as provided in sentence 27, electrical equipment in areas where the
concentration of flammable vapours can be greater than 25% of its lower
explosive limit shall be in conformance with CSA C22.1, “Canadian Electrical
Code, Part 1”, for Class I, Division I hazardous locations.

24. Electrical equipment located inside a power-ventilated enclosure required in

sentence 33 and 34 and its exhaust duct system shall

(a) conform to sentence (23), and

(b) be designed and maintained to prevent the accumulation of combustible or
reactive deposits.

25. Smoking shall not be permitted in a laboratory and signs shall be posted.

26. Where overheating of unattended equipment using heat can cause a fire or an
explosion, such equipment shall be equipped with a high temperature limit
switch fitted to

(a) sound an alarm, and

(b) shut off the heat.

27. An ignition source that is an integral part of an operation involving flammable

vapours shall be permitted provided

(a) the supply of flammable liquids or combustible liquids for this operation is
controlled and kept to a strict minimum,
(b) flammable vapours and combustion fumes are exhausted in conformance
with sentence 33 and 34,
(c) there is no other source of ignition capable of igniting the flammable
vapours in an uncontrolled manner, and
(d) there is no combustible material in the immediate vicinity of this operation.
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28. Electrical equipment, mechanical systems, piping, valves, and automatic and
manual control and safety devices shall be inspected, tested and maintained in
good operating condition at all times.

29. The ventilation systems serving a laboratory shall be inspected and cleaned to
prevent the accumulation of combustible or reactive deposits, and the intervals
between inspections shall not be greater than

(a) 12 months for the ventilation of the laboratory and dangerous goods storage
areas, and
(b) 6 months for ventilation system of a power-ventilated enclosure required in
sentence 33 and 34.

30. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in the laboratory in conformance

with NFC, Part 6.

31. A laboratory shall be provided with continuous mechanical ventilation designed

and maintained to ensure that dangerous goods vapours and particles

(a) do not accumulate in the laboratory,

(b) are prevented from migrating to other parts of the building,
(c) do not accumulate in the ventilation system,
(d) are exhausted to the outdoors, and
(e) are not returned to the building.

32. A ventilation system required in this section shall be provided with monitoring
devices to

(a) indicate that the ventilation system is in operation, and

(b) sound an alarm if the ventilation system is malfunctioning.

33. The use of dangerous goods in a laboratory shall be confined inside a power-
ventilated enclosure conforming to sentences 35 - 39 when

(a) their use releases flammable vapours, or causes run-away or potentially

explosive reactions,
(b) liquids are heated to a temperature equal to or greater than their flash point,
or
(c) Class I liquids or unstable liquids are used.
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34. A power-ventilated enclosure required in sentence (33) shall not be used for the
storage of dangerous goods, and any quantity in excess of the supply necessary
for normal operations shall conform to sentences 40 - 55.

35. The ventilation system for a power-ventilated enclosure required in sentences 33

and 34 shall

(a) conform to NFPA 91, “Exhaust Systems for Air-Conveying of Materials”,

(b) provide continuous exhaust ventilation at an air velocity sufficient to prevent
the accumulation of combustible or reactive deposits in the power-ventilated
enclosure and its exhaust duct system,
(c) confine dangerous goods vapours and particles to the area where they are
generated and exhaust them to the outdoors,
(d) not return the exhausted air to the building, and
(e) be provided with well identified control switches that are
i) located outside of the power-ventilated enclosure, and
ii) readily accessible in case of an emergency.

36. Where deposits referred to in Clause 35 (b) can accumulate in the power-
ventilated enclosure and its exhaust duct system and create a fire or explosion
hazard,

(a) provisions shall be made to remove such deposits so they do not create a
fire or explosion hazard, or
(b) an automatic fire suppression system shall be provided in conformance with
NFC Part 6.

37. The power-ventilated enclosure required in sentences 33 and 34 and its exhaust
duct system shall

(a) except as provided in sentences 38 and 39, be constructed of

noncombustible materials compatible with and chemically resistant to the
dangerous goods vapours and particles being exhausted,
(b) be provided with access doors to permit inspection and maintenance of the
fan assembly and exhaust ducts,
(c) be provided with instructions for its use and the operation of the ventilation
system, and
(d) be provided with means to control accidental spillage in conformance with
section Q.
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38. Combustible materials are permitted in systems described in Clause 37 (a) if

(a) such materials are required by the corrosive or reactive properties of the
dangerous goods being used, and
(b) their flame spread rating is not more than 25.

39. The flame spread rating required in sentence 38 is permitted to be greater than
25 if an automatic fire suppression system conforming to NFC Part 6 is provided
inside the power-ventilated enclosure and its exhaust duct system.

40. The quantity of dangerous goods kept in a laboratory shall be minimized and
shall not exceed the lesser of

(a) the supply necessary for normal operation, or

(b) when located in
(i) a Group A, Division 2 educational or Group D major occupancy, 300 L of
flammable liquids and combustible liquids, of which not more than 50 L
shall be Class I liquids.

41. Quantities of flammable liquids and combustible liquids in excess of those

permitted in sentence (40) shall be stored in

(a) cabinets conforming to section Q except that, in laboratories described in

Clause 40 (b), the total quantity of flammable liquids and combustible liquids
stored in such cabinets shall not exceed the quantity permitted for one
cabinet, or
(b) a room conforming to section Q.

42. Quantities of dangerous goods other than flammable liquids and combustible
liquids in excess of those permitted in sentence (40) shall be stored outside of
the laboratory.

43. Except as provided in sentence (44) and (45), flammable liquids or combustible
liquids in a laboratory shall be kept in containers conforming to section Q.

44. Where Class I liquids are required to be kept in individual containers having a
capacity greater than 5 L in a laboratory, such containers shall

(a) be safety containers conforming to ULC/ORD-C30, “Safety Containers”, and

(b) have a capacity of not more than 25 L.
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45. Containers of flammable liquids or combustible liquids shall be kept closed when
not in use.

46. Storage cylinders and piping systems for Class 2 gases used in a laboratory
shall be firmly secured and protected against mechanical damage.

47. Each point of supply and each point of use of cylinders or piping systems for
Class 2 gases shall be provided with

(a) labels identifying the gas being supplied, and

(b) a manual shut-off valve.

48. A Class 2 gas cylinder valve shall be closed when not in use.

49. Where refrigerators are required to keep Class I liquids at a temperature below
normal ambient conditions in a laboratory, such refrigerators shall be designed
so that

(a) electrical equipment located within the storage compartment, within the
outer shell, on the door and on the door frame of the refrigerator is in
conformance with CSA C22.1, “Canadian Electrical Code, Part I”, for Class I,
Division I hazardous locations, and
(b) electrical equipment mounted on the outside surface of the refrigerator is
i) in conformance with CSA C22.1, “Canadian Electrical Code, Part I”, for
Class I, Division 2 hazardous locations, or
ii) located above the top of the storage compartment.

50. Refrigerators described in sentence (49) shall be identified in conformance with

sentence 12-16.

51. Class I liquids in refrigerators shall be kept in closed containers.

52. Where perchloric acid is heated above normal ambient temperature, it shall be
done in a separate power-ventilated enclosure

(a) conforming to sentences 35-39, and

(b) provided with conspicuously posted instructions specifying that it shall be
used only for this application.

53. The power-ventilated enclosure required in sentence (52) and its exhaust duct
system shall be washed with water after each use to prevent the accumulation of
highly reactive deposits.
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54. Heating of perchloric acid shall not be by open flame or hot oil bath.

55. Wastes from dangerous goods shall be

(a) identified to prevent accidental mixing of incompatible chemicals, and
(b) included in the quantities specified in sentences 40-42.
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SPECIAL MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

GENERAL NOTE:

Part 4 "Special/Miscellaneous Provisions", in its entirety, is intended as support information

only to assist individual maintenance supervisors better understand the "general principals'
of fire safety management as is applicable to their facility. Part 4 is not legally or officially a
part of the National Fire Code, Section 2.8, that demands fire safety and emergency
planning.

A. Egress

1. The basics of means of egress design apply to Group A occupancies as to all

others. There must be two remote exits from every floor. The exits must be
remotely located and properly illuminated. (Under certain very limited
circumstances only one exit is required; those circumstances are described
in NBC Article 3.4.2.1.).

2. Access to them by separated paths of travel. Not only must the entrances to
the exits be remotely located, but the discharges from the exits must also be
remotely located, so that one fire event will not block both exits.

3. Where access to exits is by corridors, the walls separating the corridors from
the use spaces are required to be of 1 hour fire-resistive construction. The
purpose of the corridor wall is primarily for smoke control; therefore, even
when the 1 hour rating is not provided the corridor wall should form an
effective membrane against the passage of smoke. Corridors shall be
provided with emergency lighting as per NBC 3.2.7.3.

4. The exit discharge must also be provided with emergency lighting. The exit
discharge must be maintained free of obstructions, including ice and snow.
Some reliable method must be provided to prevent the accumulation of ice
and snow in areas subject to such weather conditions.

5. Lobbies, stairs and stairwells forming a part of egress design must at all
times be unobstructed, free from tripping hazards and equipped with proper
directional signs, proper flooring materials, handrails (in stairwells) and
emergency lighting.
 14-600-003
4-2

6. Travel distance to an exit must not exceed 100 ft. "Landscaping"

arrangements can create serious travel distance problems if a maze is
created. Although important, some flexibility and judgment must be used in
enforcement of travel distance requirements. (Note: In sprinklered Group A
occupancy, distance to exit is up to 150 ft.).
7. Exit signs must be placed to properly mark the exits and the paths to reach
the exits, such that a person is not more than 100 ft. from an exit sign at any
point in the corridor.

B. Electrical

NOTE: The electrical system in a building is not a fire safety system but is a fire
hazard. All electrical installations are strictly governed by the Canadian
Electrical Code 1994. The following information is intended as a guide
only, not as specification.

1. Electrical fires are due principally to arcing and overheating. Arcing occurs
when electrical current or energy attempts to take an unintended route, and
can occur over small breaks within a conducting wire or from a conductor to
grounded metal in very close proximity. Arcing produces sufficient heat to
ignite nearby combustible material and can throw off particles of hot metal
that can also cause ignition. Conditions creating an arc usually will cause
protective devices, such as fuses and circuit breakers, to operate, making
heat exposure brief. Intermittent arcing, such as some arcing ground faults,
can sometimes occur without tripping such devices. Arcs can ignite
combustible material such as insulation, melt metal conductors, and produce
sparks. Overheating is more subtle, harder to detect, and slower to cause
ignition, but it is equally capable of fire potential. Dangerous heat is
generated in conductors and other electrical equipment when the current
carried is in excess of rated capacity. Overloading deteriorates insulation
and can ignite nearby combustible materials. Insulation failure caused by
overheating can also lead to arcing of the conductors.

2. Transformers, if self owned, should be tested annually by a licensed

electrician. Transformers should be inspected regularly for any signs of
trouble-leaks, electrical arcing and burning. Also transformer enclosures
must be secure and properly marked. Ground clamps and connectors must
be checked periodically to ensure integrity.
 14-600-003
4-3

3. The interior electrical distribution system begins with the main switch panel
which must be properly identified. All circuit breakers, fuses and thermal
overload devices in the main panel must also be identified and in top working
order. All panel boards and associated boxes must be covered. All wiring
must be in conduit (or acceptable alternative) and conduit must be properly
secured to walls etc. All conducting cables/conduit must be protected from
physical damage where they pass through wall and floors. Distribution
panels throughout the building are to be marked and schedules posted
inside. There are to be no missing breakers, etc. or open spaces inside
panels. Only heat sensitive fuses (marked "D" or "P") are to be used for
electric furnaces, dryers, ranges, air conditioners, water and baseboard
heaters. GFCI type must be used anywhere where moisture is present. All
on/off type of fuses/breakers must be switched (treated) in spring and fall
each year to prevent oxidation. All termination wiring connections must be fit
and tight.

4. Outlets, switches and fixtures must have covers for junctions, all wiring to be
in conduit, secure terminals, no sign of deterioration or discoloration.
Fixtures must operate properly and quickly or be replaced. Sockets must be
tight/secure and show no deterioration.

5. Recessed fixtures must have remote connections and never be covered

directly by anything (e.g. insulation) other than a non hazardous enclosure.
Wall outlets must be sufficient in number, plug connections must fit tightly, no
movement is allowable. All portable appliances must use grounded wiring (3
prong). All conductor terminals must be secure and tight.

6. Emergency generators and related stand-by power sources must be

inspected, tested and maintained in strict conformance with Code, see part 6.
Any electrical equipment from entrance, through distribution to device
showing any perceptible damage deterioration or signs of any malfunctions
must be inspected and corrected immediately.

7. Flexible extension cords must only be used temporarily, never repaired.

Electrical rooms must be free of storage and complete with room to work.
 14-600-003
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C. Computer Rooms

1. Computer room equipment and software is extremely valuable to any facility,

and normally computer rooms are of fire resistant construction with non-
combustible finishes. Usually a raised floor and/or drop ceiling is provided to
house excessive electrical wiring requirements and serve as air conditioning
plenums.

2. Given the value enclosed in a computer room and the unique "hazards"
inherent in the design of the room itself, special attention, apart from the
overall fire safety planning, must be directed towards detection and
extinguishing a fire. Smoke detectors shall be installed in open floor and
ceiling spaces and monitored by a dedicated control system separate from
(but monitored by) the buildings systems. Computer room protection can
also be provided by total flooding extinguishing agents (carbon dioxide) for
electrical fires and water extinguishers should be available for ordinary
combustibles.

3. Another sensible safe guard is the installation of emergency disconnects for

all electronic equipment in the room and for the air conditioning equipment
serving the room. Disconnects should be located near the operator console
and next to the door.

4. Computers can require considerable quantities of paper recording media,

stationery supplies, and other combustible support media. It is good practice
to restrict the presence of paper materials in computer rooms to the absolute
minimum necessary for efficient operations. Enclosed metal file cases or
cabinets should be provided for combustibles in the computer room.
Reserve stocks of paper media and other combustibles used with computers
should be stored in an orderly fashion in proper areas outside the computer
room, not in hallways or corridors.

D. Waste Disposal

1. Any occupancy can generate large amounts of waste paper. Normal routine
is to remove the waste at the end of the day. In areas containing computers
or other high-value contents, consideration should be given to trash
containers with special tops that limit the supply of air, thus smothering a fire
in the can.
 14-600-003
4-5

2. The principal concern is how the waste material is handled after it is collected
from the various suites and work situations. If ash trays are emptied into
trash collection containers with other trash, special precautions are needed
to ensure that the discarded smoking materials will not ignite the other trash.
Fires started in that manner have been known to spread to other areas.
Here again, the specially designed container tops can be useful.

3. All waste should be removed from the building quickly. If stored within the
building for short periods of time, the waste should be in proper containers or
stored in specially designed rooms. The practice of piling up waste in plastic
bags in lobbies or corridors while awaiting removal can have disastrous
results. Once waste is removed from the building it is a common practice to
hold the waste in outside storage bins (dumpsters) for frequent removal from
the premises. If that is the case, observe the general condition of the outside
storage area. Is it separated from the building far enough that it does not
represent a fire exposure to the building? Sturdy enclosures around the
trash storage areas can discourage vandalism and unauthorized dumping.

E. Protection of Openings

1. One method of limiting the spread of fire in a structure is to divide the interior
into compartments by means of fire barriers and rated floor/ceiling
assemblies. Fire barriers can be expected to delay the spread of fire from
the room or area of origin to other parts of the structure only if they are
constructed and maintained properly and if the openings in them are
protected.

2. It is not uncommon for heated, unburned pyrolysis products to flow out of the
area of initial involvement, mix with air, and ignite. Such flame extension can
occur over noncombustible surfaces. Properly maintained opening
protection is essential to containing the fire until suppression activities have
been initiated. Therefore nothing must be done to nullify the protection of
openings.

3. A variety of methods for protecting openings in fire barriers is available. The

method selected will depend on the type and function of the opening. Typical
protection measures include fire stopping, fire-resistive construction, fire
doors, and wired glass. Special problems will require other forms of
protection.
 14-600-003
4-6

4. Unprotected openings in floors and ceilings - vertical openings - permit the

extension of fire from one floor to another through such openings.

5. When holes are made through floor/ceilings assemblies for the routing of
cables, conduits, or pipes, air gaps are created that permit the passage of
combustion products from floor to floor if the gaps are left unsealed. One
method used to seal these gaps involve modular devices sized for the pipe,
conduit, or cable, which contain an organic compound that expands when
heated and seals the penetration. Another employs a foamed-in-place fire-
resistant silicone elastomer that expands as it foams and seals the
penetration. The penetrating objects should be supported sufficiently to
prevent placing mechanical stress on the seal that could pull the sealant from
the opening.

6. Certain vertical openings cannot be sealed because their functions require

that they communicate between floors. Examples include stairwells. Such
openings should be enclosed in fire-resistive construction. Opening in the
walls of stair enclosures should be protected by rated fire door assemblies.

7. Openings in firewalls and partitions - horizontal openings - if left unprotected,

will permit the spread of fire in the horizontal plane; that is, throughout the
floor of origin.

8. Corridors especially must be protected not only because they are a vehicle
for the horizontal spread of fire, smoke, and toxic gases, but also they are a
part of the means of egress for occupants. One of the most widely used
means of protecting openings in fire-resistive walls is the fire door assembly.
Fire doors are given an hourly rating, each classification of fire door has
specific applications. Where a wall separates a building into two fire areas,
the opening requires a fire door. Openings in walls enclosing service areas
will also be protected with fire doors.

9. General storage rooms, boiler rooms, furnace rooms, fuel storage rooms,
janitor closets, and maintenance shops are considered hazardous areas and
should be separated from the rest of the building by 1 hour rated enclosing
construction, with door openings protected by 3/4 hour, labelled fire doors. If
the hazardous areas are sprinklered, they need only be enclosed by smoke-
resistant walls with self-closing, smoke resistant doors protecting openings.
 14-600-003
4-7

10. Fire doors having 1/2 and 1/3 hour ratings are intended primarily for smoke
control. They are used across corridors where a smoke barrier is required.
Fire doors must be self closing, never obstructed or blocked in any manner.

F. Housekeeping

1. Good housekeeping practices - both indoors and outdoors - are a good

method of controlling the presence of unwanted fuels, obstructions, and
sources of ignition. Certain aspects of housekeeping are a common
denominator to most properties whatever their use; others are peculiar to a
particular occupancy.

2. The basic requirements of good housekeeping fall into three categories: 1)

proper layout and equipment, 2) correct materials handling and storage, and
3) cleanliness and orderliness. When proper attention is given to
establishing the routines for these three factors, good housekeeping is
almost a certainty.

3. A close look at working areas, storage areas, and the equipment used to
move materials around will highlight any housekeeping problems. Aisles
clogged with materials waiting to be processed, for example, can discourage
effective overall cleanliness. Some simple rearrangements could improve
the housekeeping considerably. At the least, management should look at its
workflow procedures if haphazard arrangement adds to the cluttered
appearance.

4. Lack of facilities to store materials neatly and to move them about easily
compounds the housekeeping problem. Exit ways can become blocked;
access to fire extinguishers, control valves for extinguishing systems, and
small hose stations can be impaired; and other fire protection equipment,
such as fire doors, can become inoperative. Disordered storage attracts
debris and trash in forgotten corners. Possibly the addition of storage areas
or more efficient storage facilities would alleviate these problems.
 14-600-003
4-8

5. The level of fire safety is immeasurably improved when attention is paid to

keeping all areas as clean and neat as possible. The principal defense
against unsightly and dangerous accumulations of unwanted materials and
trash is an efficient and timely waste-removal program, backed up by each
individual's personal sense of responsibility and desire to keep one's
surroundings neat and clean. Observe the adequacy of waste-removal
devices. Are enough noncombustible wastebaskets, bins, cans, and other
proper containers provided so that occupants will find tidiness convenient?
Is there a regularly scheduled waste-removal program?

6. Controlling where people smoke is frequently a difficult problem to solve.

The urge to smoke often conflicts with the effect smoking will have on the
level of fire safety, and in some cases, on manufacturing processes and
equipment (for example, computers). In some instances complete prohibition
of smoking is unrealistic; often, careful regulation and providing an area
where smoking is allowed can achieve the same results.

7. a) Grease condensating in exhaust ducts from hoods over cafeteria

ranges is a serious problem. Grease can be ignited by sparks from
the range or, more often, by a small fire in cooking oil or fat in pans or
deep fryers.

b) The exhaust system should be inspected daily or weekly depending

on how much it is used. Hoods, grease-removal devices, fans, ducts,
and associated equipment all need cleaning at frequent intervals.
Make sure flammable solvents or cleaning aids are not used in the
cleaning process. If an automatic extinguishing system is present,
precaution should be taken to ensure that the cleaning process does
not cause a false actuation.

8. Poor housekeeping on the outside can threaten the fire security of exposed
structures, goods stored in the yard, and the building itself. Accumulations of
rubbish, waste, tall grass, and weeds close to buildings and storage piles are
probably the most common hazards.

Dry weeds and grass can be controlled by herbicides. Among chemicals

used are chlorate compounds. Be aware that chlorate compounds are
oxidizing agents and can contribute to fire conditions, particularly during long
hot periods in the summer when the dead weeds and grasses have dried
out. Burning dry grass and weeds to remove them can lead to disaster
unless the burning is controlled at the proper time of the year and supervised
by the fire department.
 14-600-003
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G. Heating Systems

1. Most large buildings utilize oil- or gas-fired hot water or steam boilers to
generate necessary building heat. Hot water or steam piping systems distribute
this heat to air conditioning units, unit heaters, finned tube radiation units, and in
some cases to ice and snow melting systems.

2. Most small buildings utilize a warm-air furnace and air conditioning unit as a
source of temperature control. These systems have been energy engineered so
that efficiencies are very high. In fact, in some units, flue gas temperatures have
become so low that condensation within the flue has become a major problem.
For such combustion-efficient systems, the flue pipes should be checked for any
sign of acid corrosion. Although insulation has been added to both furnaces and
ductwork to increase operating efficiencies, proper clearance of such devices to
surrounding materials should be maintained.

3. If fuel is permitted to collect in the combustion chamber of a furnace in the

absence of an ignition source, an explosion could result if an ignition takes
place. Therefore, safety considerations require that fuel burners be equipped
with controls to cut off the fuel supply in the event of a malfunction.

4. Primary safety controls shut off the fuel supply in the event of flame or ignition
failure. Interlock circuits are provided to shut off the fuel supply if an induced or
forced draft fails, if atomization fails, if dangerous fluctuations in fuel pressure
occur, or if oil temperature in burners requiring heated oil falls below the required
minimum.

5. Inspections should verify that all controls operate satisfactorily by checking the
operators' logs to confirm that periodic tests are being made. In practice, boiler
rooms often become storage areas for many building materials and chemicals;
good housekeeping practices should be enforced. Building smoke detection and
fire suppression systems should be installed in such equipment rooms. Periodic
testing of these systems should also be confirmed.

6. Central warm-air furnaces are either the gravity type or the forced-air type.
Gravity furnaces are mounted on the floor and heat only the spaces above them.
Gravity furnaces should be equipped with high-temperature-limit controls that
shut off the fuel supply when the temperature of the discharge air reaches a
predetermined level.
 14-600-003
4 - 10

7. Forced warm-air furnaces are equipped with plenums, which can become hot
enough to ignite adjacent combustibles. Such furnaces should be equipped with
a limit control to shut down the fuel supply when the temperature in the plenum
or at the entrance to the supply duct reaches a predetermined level. With all
warm-air furnaces, it is important to maintain adequate clearances from
combustibles.

8. Wall furnaces are self-contained indirect-fired gas or oil heaters installed in or on

a wall. They supply heated air by gravity or with the aid of a fan, and they are
either directly vented or vent- or chimney-connected. Wall furnaces should
have high-temperature-limit controls.

9. Unit heaters are self-contained, automatically controlled, chimney- or vent-

connected air heating appliances, and equipped with a fan for circulating air.
They can be floor mounted or suspended, and they are equipped with limit
controls. Unit heaters that are connected to a duct system can be considered
central-heating furnaces and should be provided with the same safeguards.
High-limit controls for all types of furnaces should be checked periodically.

10. Horizontal supply ducts, vertical ducts, risers, boots, and register boxes could
reach hazardous temperatures if the high-temperature-limit control malfunctions.
It is essential, therefore, that safe clearances to combustibles be maintained.

11. Hot water pipe and radiators in systems operating with a maximum temperature
of 150 F require no installation clearances. Pipes and radiators supplied with
hot water up to 250 F or steam at a pressure up to 15 psig require a clearance
of 1 in. from combustibles. Where these pipes pass through a floor, wall, or
ceiling, the clearance at the opening through the finish boards cannot be less
than 1/2 in. and must be covered with a plate of noncombustible material.

12. A major consideration in the installation of any heat-producing appliance is its

effect on nearby combustibles. It is possible for wood and other combustibles to
ignite at temperatures well below their usual ignition temperatures if they are
continually exposed to moderate heat over long periods of time. For this reason,
installation clearances and steps to insulate combustible surfaces are of the
utmost importance.
 14-600-003
4 - 11

13. Chimney and vent connectors are those lengths of pipe or other type of conduit
that connect the heat-producing appliance to the chimney or vent. Connectors
are made of noncombustible corrosion-resistant material, such as steel or
refractory masonry. They must be able to withstand flue gas temperatures and
resist physical damage. Connectors must be short, well fitted and supported,
continuously pitched toward the chimney or vent, and have adequate clearance
from combustibles.

14. Vents are used with specific types of heat-producing equipment. In buildings
requiring protection of vertical openings, vents should be enclosed in fire-
resistive construction. For buildings less than four stories high, the construction
must have a 1-hour fire-resistance rating.

15. A masonry chimney should be inspected for its entire length so far as it is
accessible. On the roof, note the condition of the mortar, chimney lining, and
flashing, and look for evidence of cracking or settling. Note the number of flues.

16. In the attic, check for cracks and loose mortar; do the same in the basement.
On the other floors, check chimney connections. One simple method of
determining that a chimney is unsafe is to hold your hand against it while it is in
use. If it is too hot for comfort, no combustible material should be permitted to
come in contact with it. If mortar has begun to fall out from between the bricks,
openings can be expected to develop all the way through the wall. If a sharp
instrument can be pushed through the wall, it is time to rebuild the chimney. The
tops of chimneys are the most likely places to need rebuilding. Factory-built and
metal chimneys are used in limited applications. The major hazard of these
chimneys is inadequate clearance to combustibles where they penetrate floors,
ceilings, and roofs.

H. Air Conditioning and Ventilation Systems

1. Some systems mix fresh air with recirculated air, while others use fresh air
exclusively. In either case, provision needs to be made for introducing fresh air
to the system. The opening of the air-intake duct should be protected with a
grill or screen that will prevent foreign materials from entering the system. Make
sure that the duct is not broken, clogged, or missing and that it is free of rubbish
and debris. The air-intake system should be equipped with a fire door or
damper that is operated automatically by fire or smoke detection equipment if
smoke, heat, or flames from an outside exposure fire could enter the system.
Be sure that the door or damper is in working order by testing its operation.
 14-600-003
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2. Fans, air heating and cooling units, and filters should be in a room that is
separated from the rest of the building by construction having a fire-resistance
rating of 1 hour. The enclosure should be equipped with a 3/4 hour fire door
with closer. In lieu of providing adequate fire separation, automatic sprinklers
can be used. Equipment rooms, which are often used to store air filters, paper
products, and light bulbs, should be kept clean and free of storage. Some
systems might utilize smoke and heat detectors to stop the fan and close
dampers in a fire emergency. Where such systems and devices are provided,
they should be inspected and tested periodically.

3. Lack of lubrication and accumulations of dust are two of the greatest enemies of
fans and motors. Both can cause the equipment to overheat to the point that it
can become an ignition source. Fan belts should be checked for wear and
replaced if necessary. Often fans are located in places that are difficult to reach.
Nevertheless, they should be accessible and included in the inspection program.

4. The hazards of cooling equipment are related to the hazards of electrical

installations and of the refrigerant itself. Proper wiring and grounding are
discussed earlier. Some refrigerants present a combustibility hazard. The
greatest problem associated with refrigeration units is the explosion hazard of
the pressurized refrigerant.

5. The purpose of filters and air cleaners is to remove entrained dust and other
particulate matter from the air stream. The filtered particles accumulate in the
filter material or on the air-cleaner collector plates, and, if ignited, could burn and
produce a large volume of smoke. The products of combustion could be
circulated throughout the building by the air-distribution system, posing a threat
to life safety.

6. Electronic air cleaners utilize electrostatic precipitation to remove particulate

matter. Entrained particles pass through electrostatic fields and are collected
either on a filter or on charged plates. Lethal voltages and currents are used in
electronic air cleaners; therefore, they are equipped with interlocks that shut
down the unit if a door or access panel is opened. Some systems have an
automatic wash and recoating cycle for proper plate operation. These systems
should be checked for proper operation and to ascertain that proper cleaning
solvents and adhesives are being used. Other systems use disposable filters,
which are simply discarded and replaced when dirty.
 14-600-003
4 - 13

7. Distribution of conditioned air throughout the building is through the duct system.
During fire conditions, the same duct system could disperse smoke and toxic
gases throughout the building instead of breathable air.

8. Ducts can create both vertical and horizontal openings in structural fire barriers.
Where the ducts pass through fire barriers or fire walls, adequate firestopping
must be provided to seal the space between the duct walls and the edges of the
opening. If properly installed and firestopped, sheet metal ducts in the gauges
commonly used can protect an opening in a fire barrier for up to 1 hour.
Openings in a wall, partition, ceiling, or floor could be required to be protected
with a fire damper. These should be inspected, cleaned, and tested for proper
operation.

9. There are two recognized approaches to smoke control in buildings that make
use of the air conditioning system. The passive approach requires than fans be
shut down and smoke dampers in ductwork be closed during a fire. In the
second approach - the active approach - the air conditioning system is used to
exhaust the products of combustion to the outdoors, which prevents smoke
migration from the fire area.

10. When the active approach is used, some of the smoke and fire dampers could
be omitted from the system if applicable to that particular system. When smoke
dampers are used in the passive form of smoke control, they should be installed
in ducts at the main fan room. They should also be installed in ducts that
penetrate smoke partitions and which are controlled by smoke detectors located
in ducts or in the occupied space.

11. Like electrical systems, HVAC can be a fire hazard. An organized schedule for
maintenance and cleaning is the key to safe operation of air conditioning and
ventilation systems. Rust and corrosion on moving parts must be eliminated.
Filters must be changed regularly. Dust and lint must not accumulate in ducts.
Electrical wiring and connections must be the same standards as any other
electrical systems.

I. Miscellaneous Notes

1. Regarding HVAC systems, the simplest and most effective means to ensure
fire prevention and general safety measures is planned and organized
maintenance carried out by specialists in the field.
 14-600-003
4 - 14

2. The installation of fuel storage systems (including piping, valves etc)

intended for use in conjunction with HVAC are governed in addition to the
NFC, by various Codes and Standards:

eg. CAN/CSA-B139 "Installation Code of oil burning equipment".

CAN/CGA-B149.2 "Propane Installation Code". "Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Act" (O.C.84-606) etc.

Compliance with said Codes is strictly enforced and includes inspections by

the applicable AHJ.

3. A proper installation in accordance with Code and ongoing maintenance of

the associated HVAC system, per manufacturers recommendation, are the
primary safeguards for fire prevention. The owner should also be aware of
(at the very least, the location of) any devices used to maintain control.
These may include manual shut offs, flame-failure shut offs, check valves,
pressure relief devices etc., which might possibly be used in the event of an
emergency.

4. The protection of persons and property from injury or damage by fire or other
causes arising from welding and cutting equipment, its installation, operation
and maintenance shall conform to CSA W117-2 "Code for Safety in Welding
and Cutting" and to the requirements of NFC 5.2 "Hot Works".

It is not intended that the building manager be in any way acquainted with
said Codes, but to ensure that any such operations be conducted in
compliance with them. The simplest approach is to hire specialists and
require proof of licenses, permits etc.

5. Prior to the commencement of any construction or renovation project, the

Fire Safety Plan shall be (temporarily) amended to include:

a) the designation and organization of site personnel to carry out fire

safety duties, including watchman services if applicable,
b) the emergency procedures to be used in the case of fire, including
(i) sounding the alarm,
(ii) notifying the fire department,
(iii) instructing site personnel on procedures to be followed when
the alarm sounds, and
(iv) fire fighting procedures,
c) the control of fire hazards in and around the building, and
d) the maintenance of fire fighting facilities.
 14-600-003
5-1

FIRE DRILLS

The procedures for conducting fire drills shall be determined by the fire department in
consultation with the person in charge of the building, taking into consideration:

1. The building occupancy and its fire hazard.

2. The safety features provided in the building.

3. The desirable degree of participating occupants other than supervisory staff. Fire
Departments dictate there be no participation of occupants other than the previously
stipulated role of wardens, supervised by security staff. (NOTE: On the Code required,
full scale drills staff are to "evacuate" the facility).

4. A fire safety plan is of little value if it is not reviewed periodically so that all supervisory
staff remain familiar with their responsibilities. A fire drill is a review of the fire safety
plan by supervisory staff. It may be necessary to hold additional fire drills, for security
staff and wardens. Code required testing and maintenance involves monthly alarm
conditions, hence security staff drills can be incorporated accordingly.

5. Fire drills as described above shall be held 3 times in each of the fall and spring terms.
 14-600-003
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INSPECTION, TESTING, MAINTENANCE & OPERATION

(NOTE: The following is a "generic" list only and will differ slightly from building to
building.)

Systems Covered:

• Exit lights
• Emergency lights/generator
• Fire detection and alarm
• Voice communication
• Ventilation
• Sprinkler
• Fire separations
• Portable extinguishers
• Fire hose stations
• Elevators
• Chimneys and flue
• Fire (hose) pump

NOTE: A daily visual inspection is required of Exit lights, fire alarm and communication
systems to ensure AC power is on and no trouble conditions exist. Daily inspections do
not require logging.

A weekly inspection is required for the emergency generator to ensure proper oil level and
pressure, coolant level, battery level and charge, water temp, damper, belt, etc.
positioning. Sprinkler head supply valves shall be inspected weekly to ensure proper
positioning. Filters and related apparatus associated with kitchen range hoods, etc. must
be cleaned weekly.

Monthly:

a. Fire doors

• Inspect all doors in fire separations for general condition and operation.

b. Hose stations (See Appendix , Pages 9 &10)

• Ensure proper positioning and conditioning, ensure main valves to source of

water supply are open. This includes exterior stand pipes too.
 14-600-003
6-2

c. Emergency lighting (also see Appendix, Page 20)

• Operate test switch to ensure unit is in good working order.

• Visually inspect unit to ensure proper placement, electrical connections and
all round condition.

d. Exit lighting

• Visually inspect unit and electrical connections and power.

e. Extinguishers (also see Appendix, Pages 1 & 2)

• Ensure proper positioning and condition, determine fullness by "weighing or

lifting", check pressure indicator is in operable range.

f. Elevators

• Ensure proper homing operation.

NOTE: Elevator systems require extensive inspection and maintenance services to

ensure proper and safe operation. While such systems are independent of fire
safety systems it is assumed correct maintenance is performed.

g. Fire alarm (also see Appendix, Pages 3-8)

• One manual alarm initiating device shall be operated on a rotation basis and
shall indicate an alarm condition.
• Intended function of audible signal devices shall be ensured.
• Intended function of door holder/release devices shall be ensured.
• Annunciator panel shall be checked to ensure that the tested devices
annunciate correctly.
• Batteries shall be visually inspected to ensure they are clean and clamps and
connections are tight.
• Conduct full scale drill - See Part 5.

h. Voice communication

• Speak test for proper operation (loudspeakers).

• Test 2-way communications system from each floor area to the central for
proper operation.
 14-600-003
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i. Fire pumps (also, see NFPA25)

• The pump shall be operated monthly at its rated speed until the satisfactory
performance of the pump, driver and controller is verified.

j. Ventilation systems

• Ensure proper shut-down operation in conjunction with fire alarm system

monthly tests.
• Check hoods, filters and ducts in systems, subject to the accumulation of
combustible deposits.

k. Sprinkler system (also, see NFPA25)

• Inspect control valves for proper positioning, alarm devices for secure
electrical connections and gauges for readings.

Quarterly:

a. Sprinkler

• Prior notification of waterflow or other tests to be made to a sprinkler system

shall be given to all parties who could be affected by an alarm.

• On wet sprinkler systems, waterflow alarm tests using the most hydraulically
remote test connection shall be performed.

• On dry sprinkler system, waterflow alarm tests using the alarm test
connection located at the dry-pipe valve shall be performed.

• A record shall be kept of all tests and operation of each system, and this
record shall be retained for examination by the authority having jurisdiction.

• Where an electrical supervisory signal service is provided for a sprinkler

system, all initiating and transmitting devices shall be tested.

• All transmitters and water flow actuated devices shall be tested.

• Sprinkler system waterflow tests shall be conducted from the main drain valve
to determine whether or not the normal water supply is available to the
system and to indicate the possibility of closed valves or other obstructions in
the supply piping.
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6-4

• All mechanical and electrical alarms shall be tested to ensure that they are in
operative condition, including supervisory switches.

• If any device in the sprinkler system does not operate properly on test, it shall
be repaired or replaced.

Twice Yearly:

a) Halon/CO2/Drychemical

- Conduct inspection and maintenance of special extinguishing systems.

(See Appendix pages 18 and 19 and NFPA 12, NFPA 17, and UL300).

b) Hydrants (See Appendix, Page 17)

- Hydrants shall be inspected to ensure that hydrant caps are in place and that caps
with worn, rusted or obstructed threads, which might hamper easy removal, are
repaired or replaced. (See Appendix page 17).

Yearly:

a. Hose stations

• Remove and rerack all hoses, check hose condition. Inspect plugs and caps.
Test valves. Inspect/test supply system.
• Inspect and lubricate fire department connections. See Appendix.

b. Extinguishers

• Major test/inspection - see Appendix.

c. Fire alarm

• Major test/inspection - see Appendix.

d. Voice communication

• Check calibrate speaker load, check wiring and circuit connections for opens,
grounds or faults.
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6-5

e. HVAC

• Inspect fire dampers, chimneys, flues, disconnect switches and ventilation

system controls for proper operation, check for dust/dirt accumulation.
• Test emergency ventilation shut off.

f. Emergency generator
• Conduct engine tune up in conformance with CSA-282.
g. Sprinkler (also see Appendix, Pages 11-16 and NFPA25)
• Inspect for damage, corrosion or accumulation of grease, paint or other
deposits, and replace where such conditions would impair the operation of the
sprinkler.
• Conduct flow test.
h. Fire pump (see NFPA25)
• Conduct flow test at full rated capacity to ensure system is capable of
delivering the rated flow.

I. Emergency Lighting

• Major test/inspection - See Appendix page 20.

It is intended as part of any Fire Plan, that on a permanent basis:

• all keys/devices required per Part 2 be located in/at Annunciator Panel at the
front entrance.
• all doors operate properly, including panic hardware.
• that corridors, lobbies, stairwells and public spaces be free of potential
tripping and fire hazards.
• that stairwell handrails are in place and secure.
• that unoccupied spaces be free of storage and hazards.
• that mechanical and electrical equipment spaces be clean, free of stored
materials, ventilated, locked and have applicable safety notices posted.
• that interior electrical - distribution panels be covered securely, properly
marked complete with schedules posted inside and have no missing
breakers.
• that garbage chute doors (or dampers) be closed at all times.
• that petroleum and supply systems operate and be monitored to respective
Codes.
• all means of egress be safely cleared of snow, ice, tripping hazards,
equipment, vehicles, etc.
• that clear access for Fire Department be maintained at all times.
 14-600-003
• that hydrants, fire department connections, P.I.V.’s, etc., be kept clear of
snow, etc. and their locations be clearly identified.
 14-600-003
6-6

• that all structures/components intended as to act as smoke barriers be

maintained accordingly (this not only includes doors and walls but ceiling and
floors as well).

NOTE: 1. Regarding the above, the Codes do not stipulate any specific inspection
schedules (daily, weekly, etc.). It is assumed that these conditions be
permanent hence staff and wardens must be constantly aware of these
requirements.

2. Regarding twice yearly and yearly testing and maintenance requirements,

the following appendix information is intended as a guide only, not as
specification for tender.

Department of Supply and Services has developed, in cooperation with

the Fire Marshall’s office, approved specifications for this purpose, which
you are encouraged to use without modification.
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7-1

RECORD KEEPING

A record shall be kept of all inspections, tests and maintenance procedures required per
the Fire Plan. Records shall be retained for examination by Authorities Having Jurisdiction.
Records shall be retained during the time interval between the inspections, maintenance
procedures or tests, or for 2 years, whichever is greater. Where such service is contracted
out it is the responsibility of Management to ensure proper records are submitted and
retained accordingly.

There is no specific method of record keeping dictated by Code. Management may use
any method acceptable to AHJ (Fire Department). Sample copies of a "standardized" log
are included, see Appendix. These or any such related methods are acceptable to the
Authorities.