1. Dua buah dipilih dari suatu keranjang yang berisi 3 buah mangga, 2 buah apel, dan 3 buah jeruk.

Jika X menyatakan jumlah mangga terpilih, dan Y menyatakan jumlah apel terpilih, tentukan :

a. The joint probability function p(x,y)

b. P ¿
c. Fungsi marjinal X dan Y

d. Cov(X,Y)

Jawab :

3M, 2A, 3J = 8 buah  dipilih 2 buah

X = jumlah mangga terpilih

Y = jumlah apel terpilih

a. Joint pmf

3 2 3
p ( x , y )=
( x y 2−x − y )
)( )( ; x=0,1,2,3; y =0,1,2 ; 0≤ x + y ≤ 2
8
( 2)
3 2 3 3 2 3
p ( 0,0 )=
( )( )( )
0 0 2 1( 1)(3) 3
= = p ( 0,1 )=
( 0)( 1)( 1) 1(2)(3) 6
= =
8 28 28 8 28 28
(2 ) ( 2)
3 2 3 3 2 3
p ( 0,2 )=
( 0)( 2)( 0) 1(1)(1) 1
= = p ( 1,0 )=
( 1)( 0)( 1 ) 3(1)(3) 9
= =
8 28 28 8 28 28
( 2) ( 2)
3 2 3 3 2 3
p ( 1,1 )=
( 1 )( 1 )( 0 ) 3(2)(1) 6
= = p ( 2,0 )=
( 2)( 0 )( 0 ) 3 (1)(1) 3
= =
8 28 28 8 28 28
(2 ) ( 2)
p(x,y) Y Jumlah
0 1 2
X 0 3/28 6/28 1/28 10/28
1 9/28 6/28 0 15/28
2 3/28 0 0 3/28
 3 0 0 0 0
Jumlah 15/28 12/28 1/28 1

b. P ¿
c. Fungsi marjinal

x 0 1 2 3
p(x) 10/28 15/28 3/28 0

y 0 1 2
p(y) 15/28 12/28 1/28

d. Cov(X,Y) = E(XY) – E(X) E(Y)

E ( XY )=∑ ∑ xy p(x , y)=0 ( 0 ) p ( 0,0 )+ 0 ( 1 ) p ( 0,1 )+ …+3 ( 2 ) p ( 3,2 )

6 6
¿ 1 (1 ) p ( 1,1 )=1 (1 ) =
28 28

E ( X ) =∑ x p(x )=0( 1028 )+ 1( 1528 )+2 ( 283 )+3 ( 0)=0+ 1528 + 286 + 0= 2128 = 34
15 12 1 12 2 14 1
E ( Y )=∑ y p( y )=0 ( ) +1 ( ) +2 ( ) =0+ + = =
28 28 28 28 28 28 2

6 3 1 6 3 −9
Cov ( X , Y )= − ( )= − =
28 4 2 28 8 56
2. Diketahui X dan Y adalah variabel random diskret dengan fungsi peluang bersama (joint pmf) :

x+ y
p(x , y )= ; x=0,1,2,3 ; y=0,1,2
30

Hitung :
a. P(X < 2, Y = 1)
b. P(X > 2, Y < 1)
c. P(X > Y)
d. P(X + Y = 4)
e. Cov(X,Y)

Jawab :
a. P(X < 2, Y = 1) = p(0,1) + p(1,1) + p(2,1) = 1/30 + 2/30 + 3/30 = 6/30 = 1/5
b. P(X > 2, Y < 1) = p(3,0) + p(3,1) = 3/30 + 4/30 = 7/30
c. P(X > Y) = p(1,0) + p(2,0) + p(2,1) + p(3,0) + p(3,1) + p(3,2)
= 1/30 + 2/30 + 3/30 + 3/30 + 4/30 + 5/30 = 18/30 =3/5
d. P(X + Y = 4) = p(2,2) + p(3,1) = 4/30 + 4/30 = 8/30 = 4/15
e. Cov(X,Y) = E(XY) – E(X) E(Y)
f. Korelasi

p(x,y) Y Jumlah
0 1 2
X 0 0 1/30 2/30 3/30
1 1/30 2/30 3/30 6/30
2 2/30 3/30 4/30 9/30
3 3/30 4/30 5/30 12/30
Jumlah 6/30 10/30 14/30 1

x 0 1 2 3
p(x) 3/30 6/30 9/30 12/30

y 0 1 2
p(y) 6/30 10/30 14/30
E ( XY )=∑ ∑ xy p ( x , y )=0 ( 0 )( 0 )+ … .+3 ( 2 )( 305 )
2 3 3 4 4 5
¿ 1 (1 )( )+ 1 ( 2 ) ( ) +2 ( 1 ) ( ) +2 ( 2 ) ( ) +3 ( 1 ) ( ) +3 ( 2 ) ( )
30 30 30 30 30 30
2 6 6 16 12 30 72 12
¿ + + + + + = =
30 30 30 30 30 30 30 5

E ( X ) =∑ x p(x )=0 ( 303 )+ 1 ( 306 )+2( 309 )+3 ( 1230 )=0+ 306 + 1830 + 3630 = 6030 =2
6 10 14 10 28 38 19
E ( Y )=∑ y p( y )=0 ( ) +1 ( ) +2 ( )=0+ + = =
30 30 30 30 30 30 15

12 19 −2
Cov ( X , Y )=E ( XY )−E ( X ) E ( Y )= −2 ( )=
5 15 15

( 303 )+1 ( 306 )+2 ( 309 )+3 ( 1230 )=0+ 306 + 3630 + 108
E ( X 2) =∑ x 2 p( x )=02 2 2 2
30
=
150
30
=5

6 10 14 10 56 66 11
E ( Y )=∑ y p( y )=0 ( ) +1 ( )+ 2 ( )=0+ + = =
2 2 2 2 2
30 30 30 30 30 30 5

2
Var ( X )=E ( X 2 )−[ E ( X ) ] =5−22=1

2 11 19 2 11 361 134
Var ( Y )=E ( Y 2 ) −[ E ( Y ) ] =
5
−( )
15
= − =
5 225 225

Cov (X , Y ) −2/15
ρ= = =−0.1728
√ Var ( X ) √Var (Y ) √1 √ 134 /225
Hubungan antara X dan Y lemah
Y
ρ=-

ρ=+