ane, 2.3. An unknown immiscible liquid seeps into the bottom of an ‘open oil tank, Some measurements indicate that the depth of the unknown liquid is 1.5 m and the depth of the oil (specific ‘weight = 8.5 kN/m®) floating on top is 5.0 m. A pressure gage connected to the botiom of the tank reads 65 kPa. What isthe specific gravity of the unknown liquid? nn * (2531) (Sem) + (8, )CSem) Where Ya wnknwn Iyuit 2 . 3 Ye Bote =f (Sm) 5x0" ~ svi )(m) 5 om . 3 Vv = IS x10 ms 3h 56. Vu = ITAD mF — | 53 Sue @ HC aerxi ey,2.13 A 0.3-m-diameter pipe is connected to a 0.02-m- diameter pipe and both are rigidly held in place. Both pipes are horizontal with pistons at each end. If the space between the Pistons is filled with water, what force will have to be applied to the larger piston to balance a force of 80 N applied to the smaller piston? Neglect friction, 00,30 )* (0,02m)? (gow) = /8,000 NA closed cylindrical tank filed with water has a hem- ispherical dome and is connected to an inverted piping system hiry as shown in Fig. P2.25. The liquid in the top part of the piping, system has a specific gravity of 0.8, and the remaining parts of the system are filled with water. Ifthe pressure gage reading at A is 60 kPa, determine: (a) the pressure in pipe B. and (b) the pressure head, in millimeters of mercury, at the top of the dome (point C) (a) B+ 6G, ) Bom) + 4 8 6) hz t- %, (om) © 4 aN 30.6 x1D " 3N 4 - hy 133% 10° % = 0,230 m (lt?mm ) 2-21 Hemispherical deme bokeh, ~ (480 xe Gm ) s0=08 i, (2m) = ty = CokR + CaN gra’ yen) (em ,) me ) = 1/03 &R 9.238 Water2.35 2.35 in Fig. P2.35 contains a volatile liquid and its vapor. The lig- uid density is 800 kg/m, and its vapor density is negligi ‘The pressure in the vapor is 120 kPa (abs), and the atmospheric pressure is 101 kPa (abs). Determine: (a) the gage pressure ead- ing on the pressure gage; and (b) the height, h, of the mercury ‘manometer. ‘The cyclindrical tank with hemispherical ends shown W FIGURE P2.35 G@ Let Ys opub of liguid = (200 29, )(qait)= 7850", and Raper W982) + 120KR obs) ~ JO1-AR Ge) = 1TAR Thus, ase? Raper t% Cm) = saxn° As 4 (850%, (Vom) = 2694R (b) Danse) + % (Lom) = %, #) =2 xu + (7850 %,)lim)=(133x0 8, (A) =0 f= 0.202 1m2.50 2.50 A long, vertical wall separates seawater from freshwater. If the seawater stands at a depth of 7 m, what depth of freshwater is required to give a zero resultant force on the wall? When the resultant foree is zero will the moment due to the fluid forces be zero? Explain. Ra @ tre resulted foree Fes = Fee = fran : “OS () : () WA, As hag Me ° Thus, for @ unit length of wall ( to. SY) (LE Y(t atm) = (9.80 82 )(8 Vda tw) | fe ff Fe 5 0 That . Ae Tim In order or moment to be 60, Foy and fxg musk be allineun _ £ ob (0) (ta r Feet gy Tey | allan og te jae tea 3 Similarly for Freg 7 lim (140m) We 2 1m) (0) Bm) (Te on) Thus, the distunce te Fes from the bottom (pond 0) 1s ) Tm -tb2am = 233m. For Fay this distance 1s Tilm~4.T¢m = 237m. The forces ave not collinear. No. a-4s257 2.87 A 3.mn-wide, 8-m-high rectangular gate is located at the ‘end of a rectangular passage that is connected to a large open tank filled with water as shown in Fig. P2.57. The gate is hinged at its bottom and held closed by a horizontal force, Fi, located at the center of the gate. The maximum valve for Fy is 3500 KN, (a) Determine the maximum water depth, h, above the center of the gate that can exist without the gate ‘opening, (b) Is the answer the same if the gate is hinged at the top? Explain your answer, er gele hinged at bottom 2My =e Sp h=4e Cm) Fi = L Fe (see figere) (1) r and A {Ll r Fz dh A = (120% )(4) (sm x¥m) Fat Fa = (4.90 x24 AN hea 3 Hy ges Le ny, Eula, depen a rear 2: = 5.38 — +4 Thus, ana From &g. li) so that = FIGURE P2857 thet Lins hog ~ (BP 2k) = 4- GP Uf m)(3500kn) = (4- £334.30 x 24)lh) An i= 1b2 1m (cont ) asl2.77 A closed tank is filled with water and has a 4-ft- diameter hemispherical dome as shown in Fig. P2.79. A U-tube cir ‘manometer is connected to the tank. Determine the vertical 4tediameter force of the water on the dome if the differential manometer reading 1s 7 ft and the air pressure at the upper end of the ma romete is 12.6 ps ; si . 2. to so 30y cee F Por eguilibriam, 2 Frerkéal ~° (* so that f PA Rs pA- a where Fa 1 The force the dome exerts on the Fluid and pis the water Pressure at the base of The dome. From The manometer, Jo Th tat se (rx) - %,, GH) =p at ps (72. 3, ive) + Gr\layp) hy A)- a4) G@) : tp 2550 2, Thus, trem £3.) with volume of sphere =F Geameter 3 Fox (210 RN) — tle Ge] Cand, = 35,J00 |b The rece thet ‘he vertical force that the weber exerts on the dome /s FF, 100 Ib iP 2-79