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bone cancer survival rate

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bone cancer survival rate

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 2010 4:19 PM POSTED BY DR HEALTH

Bone cancer is rare and accounts for less

than 1% of all new tumors. Not all bone

tumors are fatal in fact benign (non

cancerous) abnormalities are more common

than malignant ones. Most bone cancers are

secondary and have been spread from

another site. Primary bone cancer which

starts in the bone is quite rare constituting

less than one per cent of all malignant

tumors. They are more common in males,

especially in children and adolescents. The

most common type of primary bone cancer is osteosarcoma. This type of carcinoma usually affects young adults. It

can affect any bone, but the arms, legs and pelvis are more commonly affected. Other less common forms of

primary bone cancer include Ewing sarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma and chondrosarcoma.

The causes of primary bone tumours are not known; however, adults who have Pagets disease (a bone disease)

may have an increased risk.

Secondary bone cancer is the most common bone cancer. It is a carcinoma that starts somewhere else in the body

and spreads (metastasises) to the bone. The most common cancers that spread to the bone originate in the breast,

prostate, lung, kidney and thyroid.

Symptoms tend to develop slowly and depend on the type, location, and size of the tumor. The signs and symptoms

of bone cancer include: painful bones and joints, swelling of bones and joints, problems with movement,

susceptibility to fractures. Less common symptoms include: unexplained weight loss, tiredness, fever and sweating.

Remember bone cancer is very rare so if you have any of these symptoms it is likely to be caused by another

condition. Always see your doctor if you have for a diagnosis.

Although bone cancer does not have a clearly defined cause, researchers have identified several factors that

increase the likelihood of developing these tumors. A small number of bone cancers are due to heredity.

Bone cancer can present itself in any of the bones of the body, but it is diagnosed most often in the long bones of

the arms and legs.

Diagnosing bone cancer involves a number of tests, including: X-rays and bone scans to show the exact location and

size of the cancer (these are always done prior to biopsy), bone biopsy where a small sample of the cancer is

removed from the bone and examined in the laboratory for the presence of malignant cells, Magnetic Resonance

Imaging (MRI) scan similar to a CT scan but uses magnetism instead of x-rays to build three-dimensional pictures of

your body.

The treatment and prognosis of bone cancer depend upon multiple factors including the type and extent of the

cancer, the patient’s age and overall health status. Tumors may be treated with surgery, radiation therapy,

chemotherapy, or a combination of these.

The tumor, surrounding bone tissue and nearby lymph nodes are surgically removed. In severe cases, the affected

limb may need to be amputated, but this is rare. Treatment may also include radiotherapy (x-rays to target and kill

the cancer cells) and chemotherapy (anti-cancer drugs). These may be given before surgery, to shrink the cancer

and/or afterwards to destroy any remaining cancer cells.

Treatment depends on the treatment for the original tumor, but usually includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy or

hormone therapy. Surgery may be needed to strengthen the affected bone.

Overall, the chance of recovery (prognosis) for bone cancers has improved significantly since the development of

modern chemotherapy. The chance of recovery will depend on a variety of influences; if the cancer has spread, the

type of bone cancer, the size of the tumour, location, the person’s general health and other individual factors.

If the tumor is very small and localized, the five-year survival rate is close to 90 percent. If the cancer has begun to

spread, however, survival becomes more difficult. The five-year survival rate is only about 60 percent, and the

prognosis is poor once the cancer spreads.

Bone carcinoma in dogs and cats can be a challenging disorder. Osteosarcoma is by far the most common bone

tumour if dogs, usually striking the leg bones of larger breeds. Chemotherapy significantly prolongs the survival of

animals with osteosarcoma when used in conjunction with surgery. For dogs Cisplatin alone or in combination with

doxorubicin markedly improves survival time to a median of 8-10 months with the percentage of dogs alive after11

months at 50%.

Feline Osteosarcoma unlike its canine counterpart it has a much lower rate of metastasis and longer term survival
can be expected with complete excision. Median survival for cats with osteosarcoma is approximately 2 years with

many cats outreaching that.

Dick Aronson has a background of over 35 years in various facets of the Healthcare industry. He set up and ran

clinical trials in more than 20 countries and he has also founded a number of small private health related businesses.

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