002 Sumber Energi Panasbumi
002 Sumber Energi Panasbumi
SUMBER ENERGI
PANAS BUMI
Mekanisme perpindahan
panas:
Terjadi intrusi magma ke kulit bumi - Secara konduksi
- Secara konveksi
Faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi perambatan
panas dari sumber panas ke
batuan sekelilingnya?
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Heterogenitas atau
keaneka ragaman sifat
batuan menyebabkan
gradien temperatur
(perubahan temperatur
dengan kedalaman)
berbeda-beda dari satu
tempat ke tempat lain.
USAID-Star Energy Geothermal-USC-ITB Geothermal Capacity Building Program 2012/Nenny-ITB, Nenny ITB
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Kedalaman (m)
600 31 37 43 49 1000
800 33 41 49 57
1000 35 45 55 65 1500
1200 37 49 61 73
1400 39 53 67 81 2000
1600 41 57 73 89
1800 43 61 79 97 2500
2000 45 65 85 105 10 20 30 40
2200 47 69 91 113
THERMAL AREA:
Gradien temperatur = 70 oC/km
Gradien temperatur = 80 oC/km
600 67 73
800 81 89 1000
1000 95 105
1200 109 121 1500
1400 123 137
1600 137 153 2000
1800 151 169
2000 165 185 2500
2200 179 201 70 80
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POKOK BAHASAN
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Type of
Description Utlization
Reservoir
Geo-pressured • Consist of heated water stored in There is no present
reservoirs permeable rocks under pressure or planned
regime greater than hydrostatic; commercial
• Found in several deep sedimentary utilization of these
basins, often at great distances from reservoirs
plate boundaries.
• Often containing large quantities of
dissolved methane
USAID-Star Energy Geothermal-USC-ITB Geothermal Capacity Building Program 2012/Nenny-ITB, Nenny ITB
Type of
Description Utlization
Reservoir
Rocks of very low permeability
Hot dry rock Is still considered
(Batuan tidak mengandung
reservoirs experimental
fluida)
This resources
Magma Bodies of molten rock at has not been
reservoirs relatively shallow depth investigated
significantly
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SISTEM HIDROTERMAL
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Sistim panasbumi
<90oC <100oC <150oC <125oC
entalphi rendah
Sistim panasbumi
90-150oC 100-200oC - 125-225oC
entalphi sedang
Sistim panasbumi
>150oC >200oC >150oC >225oC
entalphi tinggi
(Source: Bodvarsson)
RESERVOIR TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURLapangan
IN A NUMBER OF
RESERVOIR
Negara Temp. (oC)
GEOTHERMAL FIELDS Krafla Iceland 300-350
Laugarnes Iceland 130
Laugaland Iceland 80-100
Nesjavellir Iceland 300-400
Svartsengi Iceland 240
Larderello Italy 240
Olkari Kenya 300
Cerro Prieto Mexico 280-340
Broadlands NZ 270
Wairakei NZ 270
BacMan Phillipines 300-320
Tongonan Phillipines 300-350
The Geyser USA 240
Baca USA 270
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Superheated Steam
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Vapor-dominated Limited
Hidrothermal Systems Limited but significant in
Liquid-dominated
some areas
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POKOK BAHASAN
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MODEL KONSEPTUAL
MODEL KONSEPTUAL
Model konseptual Sistim panas bumi di Awibengkok Gn Salak
(Gambar diambil dari presentasi Chevron Geothermal Indonesia pada kuliah tamu di ITB, Mei 2012 )
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Jenis Reservoir?
Kedalaman Reservoir ?
Zona Produksi?
Ketebalan Reservoir?
Batas Reservoir?
Luas Reservoir?
Tekanan dan Temperatur
Reservoir?
Sifat Batuan dan Fluida ?
Model Konseptual ?
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