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Research Topic task started on Thu Apr 10, 2003 at 7:48 AM
11 Research Topic candidates were identified in CAPLUS and MEDLINE.
using the phrase "classes of compounds from ailanthus"
Selected 3 of 11 candidate topics.
2 references were found containing all of the concepts "classes", "compounds" and "ailanthus"
closely associated with one another.
4 references were found where all of the concepts "classes", "compounds" and "ailanthus" were
present anywhere in the reference.
66 references were found containing the two concepts "compounds" and "ailanthus" closely
associated with one another.
Remove Duplicates
57 references were found (11 duplicates removed)
Copyrights:
CAPLUS: Copyright 2009 American Chemical Society. All Rights Reserved. (The UK patent material in
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Copyright. The French (FR) patent material in this product/service is made available from Institut
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information from GenBank(R). See also: Benson D.A., Karsch-Mizrachi I., Lipman D.J., Ostell J.,
Rapp B.A., Wheeler D.L. Genbank. Nucl. Acids Res. 28(1):15-18 (2000). Property values tagged
with IC are from the ZIC/VINITI data file provided by InfoChem.) CAS Registry is a service mark
of the American Chemical Society.
CASREACT: Copyright 2009 American Chemical Society. All Rights Reserved. CASREACT contains
reactions from CAS and from: ZIC/VINITI database (1974-1999) provided by InfoChem; INPI data
prior to 1986; Biotransformations database compiled under the direction of Professor Dr. Klaus
Kieslich; organic reactions, portions copyright 1996-2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., John Wiley
and Sons, Inc., Organic Reactions Inc., and Organic Syntheses Inc. Reproduced under license.
All Rights Reserved.
CHEMLIST, CHEMCATS: Copyright 2009 American Chemical Society. All Rights Reserved.
Bibliographic Information
Bioactivity and components of essential oil from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides fructification against
two mosquito species. Zhang, Yun; Peng, Yinghui; Chen, Feifei; Zeng, Dongqin; Huang, Yi; Zhong,
Haiyan. College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology,
Changsha, Peop. Rep. China. Kunchong Xuebao (2009), 52(9), 1028-1033. Publisher: Kunchong
Xuebao Bianjibu, CODEN: KCHPA2 ISSN: 0454-6296. Journal written in Chinese. AN 2010:52494
CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
To find some eco-friendly components from plants as mosquitocide, the fumigant activity of essential oil
from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides fructification to the adults of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens
quinquefasciatus was tested, and its insecticidal activity against the larvae and pupae of the two mosquito
species was evaluated. The volatile components of this oil were also analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass
spectrometry. The results showed that at the dosage of 102.145µ g⋅ cm-3, the KT50 values of this oil for
adults of Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus were 2.788 and 3.505 min, resp., while the 24 h
mortalities of adults of the two mosquito species were 100% and 97.53%, resp. The 24h LC50 values of
this oil for 4th instar larvae of Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus were 45.237 and 20.759
mg⋅ L-1, resp. Fourteen chem. compds. were identified from the essential oil from Z. ailanthoides
fructification, and the main component of this essential oil is 2- undecanone with the peak-area ratio of
89.86%. The results demonstrate that the oil from Z. ailanthoides fructification has strong insecticidal
activity against A. albopictus and Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus, and it has a great potential to be
developed as a natural mosquitocide.
Anti-inflammatory compounds from the leaves of Ailanthus altissima. Jin, Meihua; Bae, Ki
Hwan; Chang, Hyeun Wook; Son, Jong Keun. College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University,
Gyeongsan, S. Korea. Biomolecules & Therapeutics (2009), 17(1), 86-91. Publisher: Korean Society
of Applied Pharmacology, CODEN: BTIHA3 ISSN: 1976-9148. Journal written in English. AN
2009:1489805 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
In our ongoing search for biol. components from the Korea endemic plants, the MeOH ext. of Ailanthus
altissima leaves (Simaroubaceae) showed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) dual
inhibitory activity by assessing their effects on the prodn. of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and leukotriene C4
(LTC4) in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). In further study, eight compds., squalene
(1), β -sitosterol (2), scopoletin (3), quercetin (4), luteolin (5), astragalin (6), scopolin (7), and daucosterol
(8) were isolated, the chem. structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochem. and spectroscopic
data and by comparison with those of published literatures. Among the compds., 2, 4, and 5 strongly
inhibited both the COX-2-dependent PGD2 generation with IC50 values of 2.6, 7.3 and 2.5 µ M, resp.
and the generation of LTC4 in the 5-LOX dependent phase with IC50 values of 2.0, 5.1 and 1.8 µ M,
resp., which suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of A. altissima might occur in part via the inhibition
of both PGD2 and LTC4 generation by 2, 4 and 5.
Nutraceutical pickle containing aloe. Yan, Shifang; Zhang, Yumei; Xu, Xinyu. (Peop. Rep. China).
Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2004), CODEN: CNXXEV CN 1557191 A
20041229 Patent written in Chinese. Application: CN 2004-10001182 20040204. Priority: . AN
Patent Family Information
Patent No. Kind Date Application No. Date

CN 1557191 A 20041229 CN 2004-10001182 20040204
Priority Application
CN 2004-10001182 20040204
Abstract
A nutraceutical pickle is prepd. by collecting young seedlings and/or fresh leaves of aloe (LIVING ALOE
VERAVAR CHINENSIS NATALEMSIS BERG, LIVING ALOE VERAVAR CHINENSIS NATALEMSIS
BERG, SHANGNONGDAYELUHUI, BARBADO FRUCTUS ZANTHOXYLI AILANTHOIDIS LOE, CANDE
LABRA ALOE), Radix Dauci Sativae, FRUCTUS CUCUMIDIS SATIVI and Caulis et Folium Lactucae
Sativae, cleaning with water, sterilizing with peracetic acid soln., soaking in sodium phytate soln.,
draining, pickling with calcium- and magnesium-contg. salt, cutting into dices, desalting, compounding
with sweet flour paste or soy sauce, adding walnut kernel, sesame, shredded shallot and ginger, hot
pepper, white granulated sugar, monosodium glutamate, zinc acetate, potassium chloride, cooking wine
or Chinese liquor, vinegar, and citric acid or malic acid, mixing to even, and packaging.
Bioassay-oriented isolation of an insecticide from Ailanthus altissima. De Feo, Vincenzo;

Mancini, Emilia; Voto, Emanuela; Curini, Massimo; Digilio, Maria Cristina. Dipartimento di Scienze
Farmaceutiche, Universita degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy. Journal of Plant Interactions (2009),
4(2), 119-123. Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd., CODEN: JPIOAG ISSN: 1742-9145. Journal written in
English. CAN 151:487525 AN 2009:752029 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
The tree-of-heaven, Ailanthus altissima Swingle (Simaroubaceae), was studied for its potential insecticide
activity against the pea aphid, Acyrtosiphon pisum (Harris). First instar aphids were dipped in water
solns. of root ext. and of leaf ext. of A. altissima, and this was followed by bioassay-oriented fractioning of
leaf ext. (more active in bioassays) with petroleum ether, chloroform, chloroform-methanol, methanol and
water, and of chromatog. fractions. The putative active constituent ailanthone, isolated from the plant
resulting in the highest aphid mortality, has been assayed as a pure compd. in different concns., proving
to be responsible for the insecticidal activity reported.
A novel triterpenoid isolated from the root bark of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb (Tree of Heaven),
AECHL-1 as a potential anti-cancer agent. Lavhale, Manish S.; Kumar, Santosh; Mishra, Shri Hari;
Sitasawad, Sandhya L. Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S.
University of Baroda, Vadodara, India. PLoS One (2009), 4(4), No pp. given. Publisher: Public
Library of Science, CODEN: POLNCL ISSN: 1932-6203.
http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObjectAttachment.action?uri=info%3Adoi
%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0005365&representation=PDF Journal; Online Computer File written in
English. CAN 152:5965 AN 2009:560087 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Background: We report here the isolation and characterization of a new compd. Ailanthus excelsa
chloroform ext.-1 (AECHL-1) (C29H36O10; mol. wt. 543.8) from the root bark of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.
The compd. possesses anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cell lines of different origin.
Principal Findings: AECHL-1 treatment for 12 to 48 h inhibited cell proliferation and induced death in
B16F10, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and PC3 cells with min. growth inhibition in normal HEK 293. The
antitumor effect of AECHL-1 was comparable with that of the conventional antitumor drugs paclitaxel and
cisplatin. AECHL-1-induced growth inhibition was assocd. with S/G2-M arrests in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7,
and PC3 cells and a G1 arrest in B16F10 cells. We obsd. microtubule disruption in MCF-7 cells treated
with AECHL-1 in vitro. Compared with control, s.c. injection of AECHL-1 to the sites of tumor of mouse
melanoma B16F10 implanted in C57BL/6 mice and human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in athymic nude
mice resulted in significant decrease in tumor vol. In B16F10 tumors, AECHL-1 at 50 µ g/mouse/day
dose for 15 days resulted in increased expression of tumor suppressor proteins P53/p21, redn. in the
expression of the oncogene c-Myc, and downregulation of cyclin D1 and cdk4. Addnl., AECHL-1
treatment resulted in the phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15 in B16F10 tumors, which seems to exhibit
p53-dependent growth inhibitory responses. Conclusions: The present data demonstrate the activity of a
triterpenoid AECHL-1 which possess a broad spectrum of activity against cancer cells. We propose here
that AECHL-1 is a futuristic anti-cancer drug whose therapeutic potential needs to be widely explored for
chemotherapy against cancer.
Inhibitory activity of ethanol extracts of Ailanthus altissima and luteolin-7-glucoside on

phospholipase A2 activity. Hua, Jin Mei; Hwang, Nam Kyong; Hong, Tae Gyun; Kim, Youn Kyung;
Chung, Hwan Ki; Yang, Ju Hae; Quan, Zhejiu; Bae, Ki-Hwan; Thanh, Pham Ngoc; Son, Kun Ho; Kim,
Hyun Pyo; Kang, Sam Sik; Chang, Hyeun Wook. College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University,
Gyeongsan, S. Korea. Saengyak Hakhoechi (2007), 38(3), 277-280. Publisher: Korean Society of
Pharmacognosy, CODEN: SYHJAM ISSN: 0253-3073. Journal written in Korean. CAN 150:489348
AN 2009:343800 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
In our continuing effort to investigate compds. having anti-inflammatory activity from natural products,
Ailanthus altissima was examd. Among six compds. isolated from Ailanthus altissima, Luteolin-7-O-
glucoside (L7G) along with ethanol ext. of Ailanthus altissima (EAa) were chosen to det. their inhibitory
activity on secretory recombinant phospholipase A2 enzyme activity in vitro. As a results, EAa inhibited
human recombinant sPLA2-V (IC50 of about 100 µ g/mL) and cPLA2, (IC50 of about 59 µ g/mL), while
L7G showed strong inhibitory effect on sPLA2-A, V and cPLA2 with an IC50 value of approx. 40 µ M,
resp.
Quassinoid Inhibition of AP-1 Function Does Not Correlate with Cytotoxicity or Protein Synthesis
Inhibition. Beutler, John A.; Kang, Moon-Il; Robert, Francis; Clement, Jason A.; Pelletier, Jerry;
Colburn, Nancy H.; McKee, Tawnya C.; Goncharova, Ekaterina; McMahon, James B.; Henrich, Curtis J.
Molecular Targets Development Program and Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer
Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA. Journal of Natural Products (2009), 72(3),
503-506. Publisher: American Chemical Society-American Society of Pharmacognosy, CODEN:
JNPRDF ISSN: 0163-3864. Journal written in English. CAN 150:297777 AN 2009:156207
Abstract
Several quassinoids were identified in a high-throughput screening assay as inhibitors of the transcription
factor AP-1. Further biol. characterization revealed that while their effect was not specific to AP-1, protein
synthesis inhibition and cell growth assays were inconsistent with a mechanism of simple protein
synthesis inhibition. Numerous plant exts. from the plant family Simaroubaceae were also identified in the
same screen; bioassay-guided fractionation of one ext. (Ailanthus triphylla) yielded two known
quassinoids, ailanthinone (3) and glaucarubinone (4), which were also identified in the pure compd.
screening procedure.
Amides and benzenoids from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides with inhibitory activity on superoxide
generation and elastase release by neutrophils. Chen, Jih-Jung; Chung, Ching-Yi; Hwang, Tsong-
Long; Chen, Jinn-Fen. Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung,
Taiwan. Journal of Natural Products (2009), 72(1), 107-111. Publisher: American Chemical Society-
American Society of Pharmacognosy, CODEN: JNPRDF ISSN: 0163-3864. Journal written in English.
CAN 150:186823 AN 2009:40802 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Five new compds., ailanthamide (1), N-(4-methoxyphenethyl)-N-methylbenzamide (2), (2E,4E)-N-

isobutyl-6-oxohepta-2,4-dienamide (3), 4-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methylbutoxy)benzaldehyde (4), and (E)-Me 4-[4-
(3-hydroxypropyl)phenoxy]-2-methylbut-2-enoate (5), and 17 known compds. have been isolated from the
stem bark of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides. The structures were detd. through spectroscopic and MS
analyses. Compds. 1, 3, xanthyletin, decarine, (+)-episesamin, (-)-hinokinin, and evofolin-B exhibited
inhibition (IC50 ≤ 5.34 µ g/mL) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to
formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB). Compds. 1, xanthyletin, decarine,
and (+)-episesamin also inhibited fMLP/CB-induced elastase release with IC50 values ≤ 5.53 µ g/mL.
Chemical constituents from the stem bark of Zanthoxylum scandens. Cheng, Ming-Jen; Lin,
Chuan-Fang; Chang, Hsun-Shuo; Chen, Ih-Sheng. Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of
Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Journal of the Chilean Chemical
Society (2008), 53(3), 1631-1634. Publisher: Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, CODEN:
JCCSCB ISSN: 0717-9324. Journal written in English. CAN 150:17718 AN 2008:1154171
Abstract
One new dioxoaporphine alkaloid, zanthodione (1), together with 19 known compds. were isolated from
the stem bark of Zanthoxylum scandens. The structures of these compds. were detd. by means of
spectral analyses. Except for zanthodione (1), Me vanillate, vanillic acid, and 2-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl
hexacosanoate, all of the other 16 compds., as same constituents found in Z. ailanthoides, which were
evaluated for inhibition of HIV replication in H9 lymphocyte cells in our previous report in Bioorg. Med.
Chem. The reported decarine, γ -fagarine, and (+)-platydesmine were the most potent anti-HIV
constituents, with EC50 values ranging from 0.1 to 1.34 µ g/mL and TI (Therapeutic Index) values from
74 to 231, also isolated from the stem bark of this plant.
Quassinoids. Structural diversity, biological activity and synthetic studies. Vieira, Ivo J.
Curcino; Braz-Filho, Raimundo. Setor de Quimica de Produtos Naturais, Universidad Estadual do
Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry
(2006), 33(Bioactive Natural Products (Part M)), 433-492. Publisher: Elsevier B.V., CODEN: SNPCE2
Journal; General Review written in English. CAN 148:449774 AN 2008:364516 CAPLUS
(Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
A review. Quassinoids are bitter constituents of Simaroubaceae and the secondary metabolites
characteristic of this family. The generic term quassinoids arises from quassin, the name of the first
structurally identified member of this class isolated from specimen Quassia amara. Quassinoids can be
divided into distinct groups according to their basic skeletons C18, C19, C20, C22 and C25. The chem.
and biogenesis of quassinoids were reviewed several times. They remain exclusively of Simaroubaceous
origin and biogenetically can be regarded as degraded triterpenoids and are almost certainly derived from
tetracyclic triterpenes. Several quassinoids were isolated and structurally elucidated and the majority of
them were biol. tested, including antifeedant, inseticidal, herbicidal, antiparasitic, antimalarial, and
anticancer activities. The interest in the chem. of quassinoids accelerated rapidly with the American
National Cancer Institute finding in early 1970s, showing that these compds. display marked antileukemic
activity (e.g. bruceantin). Chem. modifications of biol. inactive quassinoids were performed, attempting to
yield active ones, either by esterification or conversion of glycosides to the corresponding aglycons.
Many studies on semisynthesis of rings member, intermediates and total synthesis of the mol. backbones
or same leads such as bruceantin were published. This review covers the structural variations, biol.
activity and some quassinoids synthetics studies.
Research advances in quassinoids and their biological activities. Lu, Ke-ming; Yuan, Ding;
Zhang, Chang-cheng. School of Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Peop. Rep.
China. Zhongguo Yaofang (2007), 18(12), 941-943. Publisher: Zhongguo Yaofang Zazhishe,
CODEN: ZYHAA4 ISSN: 1001-0408. Journal; General Review written in Chinese. CAN 149:322696
Abstract
A review. A class of chem. compds. typical of bitter flavor, quassinoids is mainly present across the
Simaroubaceae plants such as Ailanthus altissima and Picrasma quassioides, etc. Quassinoids can
feature such biol. activities as malaria resistance, tumor resistance and effects on the growth of insects
and plants. In this article, the structure, biol. activities and structure-activity relationship of quassinoids
were reviewed with 23 refs.
Phenolic constituents from Ailanthus fordii Nooteboom. Mei, Wenli; Dai, Haofu; Wu, Dagang.
Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,
Haikou, Peop. Rep. China. Redai Yaredai Zhiwu Xuebao (2006), 14(5), 413-416. Publisher: Kexue
Chubanshe, CODEN: RYZXFC ISSN: 1005-3395. Journal written in Chinese. CAN 148:374583 AN
Abstract
Five phenolic compds., quercitrin (1), myricitrin (2), afzelin (3), (+)-gallocatechin (4) and 3-chloro-4-
hydroxybenzoic acid (5), together with daucosterol (6), were isolated from Et acetate fraction of ethanol
ext. of Ailanthus fordii twigs. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic evidence (IR, NMR, MS,
etc) and comparison of their spectral data with those of the literatures. Compds. 1-5 were isolated from
this genus for the first time.
Chemical constituents in fruits of Ailanthus altissima. Zhao, Chun-chao; Shao, Jian-hua; Wang,
Jin-hui; Li, Xian. School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang,
Peop. Rep. China. Zhongcaoyao (2006), 37(12), 1768-1771. Publisher: Zhongcaoyao Zazhi Bianjibu,
CODEN: CTYAD8 ISSN: 0253-2670. Journal written in Chinese. CAN 148:326744 AN
Abstract
The objective of the paper is to isolate and identify the chem. constituents of 95% alc. ext. in the fruits of
Ailanthus altissima. The compds. were prepd. by repurifn. and their structures were identified by
physicochem. properties and spectral analyses. Results showed that nine compds. were isolated and
identified as ailanthone A [11β ,20-epoxy-1β ,2α ,12α -pentahydroxypicrasa-3,13(21)-dien-16-one, I],
olean-9(11),12-dien-3β -ol (II), D-friedoolean-14-en-3-one (III), β -amyin (IV), cycloart-25-ene-3β ,24ξ -
diol (V), hopane-3-one-22-ol (VI), n-tetratriacontane (VII), L-evonymitol (VIII), D-mannitol (IX). It was
concluded that among them II-IX are isolated from the plants of Ailanthus Desf. nom. Conserv. for the first
time.
A method of treatment with flavonoids for overcoming acquired or inherent resistance to

chemotherapeutic compounds. Roufogalis, Basil; Marks, Denese; Duke, Rujee. (The University of
Sydney, Australia). PCT Int. Appl. (2007), 57pp. CODEN: PIXXD2 WO 2007073583 A1
20070705 Designated States W: AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH,
CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID,
IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, LY, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN,
MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL,
SM, SV, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG. Designated States RW: AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI,
FR, GB, GR, IE, IS, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE, TR, BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG.
Patent written in English. Application: WO 2006-AU1981 20061221. Priority: AU 2005-907328
20051229. CAN 147:134481 AN 2007:730091 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))

WO 2007073583 A1 20070705 WO 2006-AU1981 20061221
W: AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA,
CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI,
GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE,
KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, LY,
MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ,
OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM,
SV, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA,
ZM, ZW
RW: AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HU, IE,
IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, MC, NL, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK, TR, BF, BJ,
CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG,
BW, GH, GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM,
ZW, AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM
Priority Application
AU 2005-907328 A 20051229
Abstract
The present invention provides a flavonoid compd. as well as analogs, homologs, derivs., mimetics and
functional equiv. thereof including methylated forms thereof in substantially pure form, in a plant ext., in a
chem. ext. or fraction and/or in combination with excipients, diluents, stabilizing mols., penetrants and/or
one or more chemotherapeutic compds. The flavonoid of the present invention is useful overcoming
acquired or inherent resistance to a chemotherapeutic agent. The preferred flavonoid is
heptamethylapigenin-8-O-glycoside, also known as heptamethylvitexin, methylvitexin or R-substituted
vitexin wherein the R group represents a single or multiple substitution of the hydroxy group on vitexin.
Chemotherapeutic agents contemplated herein include agents used in the treatment or prophylaxis of
cancer (including tumors), infection by pathogens (including potential or opportunistic pathogens) and/or
the treatment or prophylaxis of a physiol. or clin. condition. The present invention further provides
compns. including pharmaceutical compns. comprising a flavonoid capable of inhibiting or reducing a
transport function of at least P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and optionally BCRP.
Study on chemical constituents of Evodia ailanthifolia. Zhao, Chao; Zhu, Haiyan; Hao, Xiaojiang;
Yang, Xiaosheng. Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Peop. Rep. China. Tianran Chanwu Yanjiu Yu Kaifa (2006), 18(3),
418-419. Publisher: Tianran Chanwu Yanjiu Yu Kaifa Bianjibu, CODEN: TCYKE5 ISSN: 1001-6880.
Journal written in Chinese. CAN 147:230708 AN 2007:357911 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS
on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Four compds. were isolated from Evodia ailanthifolia for the first time by means of silica gel column
chromatog. The four compds. were identified as evodiamine(1), rutaecarpine(2), β -sitosterol(3) and
oleanolic acid(4) by spectral evidence.
A new cerebroside from fruits of Ailanthus altissima Swingle. Zhao, Chun-Chao; Shao, Jian-Hua;
Wang, Nan; Li, Xian; Wang, Jin-Hui. Research Department of Natural Medicine, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Peop. Rep. China. Natural Product Research, Part A: Structure
and Synthesis (2006), 20(13), 1187-1191. Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd., CODEN: NPRPC8 Journal
written in English. CAN 147:296101 AN 2007:735 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder
(R))
Abstract
A new cerebroside and 3 known cycloartan triterpenes were isolated from fruits of Ailanthus altissima
Swingle. Their structures were identified as 1-O-β -D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E, 9E)-2-(2'R-
hydroxyhexadecenoy)-4, 9-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (1), 9,19-cyclolanost-23(Z)-ene-3β , 25-diol (2),
cycloart-25-ene-3β ,24R-diol (3), and cycloart-25-ene-3β ,24S-diol (4) by chem. and spectroscopic anal.
Compds. 2, 3, and 4 were isolated from genus Ailanthus for the first time. The analgesic activity of 1 was
also evaluated.
Antimicrobial constituents from fruits of Ailanthus altissima SWINGLE. Zhao, Chun-Chao; Shao,
Jian-Hua; Li, Xian; Xu, Jing; Zhang, Peng. Research Department of Natural Medicine, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Peop. Rep. China. Archives of Pharmacal Research (2005),
28(10), 1147-1151. Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society of Korea, CODEN: APHRDQ ISSN: 0253-6269.
Journal written in English. CAN 144:386503 AN 2005:1218837 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS
on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
A new naturally occurring sterol, compd. 5, and six known stigmasterols were isolated from fruits of
Ailanthus altissima Swingle by repeated column chromatog. and RP-HPLC. Their structures were
identified as, 5α -stigmastane-3,6-dione, 3β -hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one, stigmast-5-ene-3β ,7α -diol,
6α -hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one, 5α -stigmastane-3β ,6β -diol, stigmast-4-ene-3β ,6α -diol, stigmast-5-
ene-3β ,7α ,20ξ -triol by spectral anal. and comparison with the published data. These compds. have
not been reported from genus Ailanthus, whereas compd. 7 was identified by NMR for the first time. In
addn., the 95% ethanol ext. and compds. from the fruits of Ailanthus altissima SWINGLE were assayed
for in vitro antimicrobial activity. The ext. was potent active against the assayed bacteria while compds. 3
and 7 exhibited moderate activity.
Study of probabilistic neural networks to classify the active compounds in medicinal plants.
Xue, C. X.; Zhang, X. Y.; Liu, M. C.; Hu, Z. D.; Fan, B. T. Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou
University, Lanzhou, Gansu, Peop. Rep. China. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
(2005), 38(3), 497-507. Publisher: Elsevier B.V., CODEN: JPBADA ISSN: 0731-7085. Journal written
in English. CAN 143:427480 AN 2005:503379 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder
(R))
Abstract
Probabilistic neural networks (PNNs) were utilized for the classifications of 102 active compds. from
diverse medicinal plants with anticancer activity against human rhinopharyngocele cell line KB. Mol.
descriptors calcd. from structure alone were used to represent mol. structures. A subset of the calcd.
descriptors selected using factor correlation anal. and forward stepwise regression was used to construct
the prediction models. Linear discriminant anal. (LDA) was also utilized to construct the classification
model to compare the results with those obtained by PNNs. The accuracy of the training set, the cross-
validation set, and the test set given by PNNs and LDA were 100, 92.3, 90.9% and 71.8, 92.3, 54.5%,
resp., which indicated that the results obtained by PNNs agree well with the exptl. values of these
compds. and also revealed the superiority of PNNs over LDA approach for the classification of anticancer
activities of compds. The models built in this work would be of potential help in the design of novel and
more potent anticancer agents.
Chemical constituents from the root bark of Formosan Zanthoxylum ailanthoides. Cheng, Ming-
Jen; Tsai, Ian-Lih; Chen, Ih-Sheng. Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical
University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society (Taipei, Taiwan) (2003),
50(6), 1241-1246. Publisher: Chinese Chemical Society, CODEN: JCCTAC ISSN: 0009-4536. Journal
written in English. CAN 141:239784 AN 2004:54826 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on
SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Two new N-isobutylamides, hydroxylanyuamide I and hydroxylanyuamide II, together with 110 known
compds., were isolated from the root bark of Formosan Z. ailanthoides. These known compds. include 20
coumarins, 21 benzo[c]phenanthridines, 10 quinoline derivs., 1 aporphine, 1 purine, 7 amides, 12
benzenoids, 1 lactone, 4 flavonoids, 9 lignans, 8 steroids, 2 chlorophylls, 11 terpenoids, and 3 other
compds., which were detd. by means of spectral analyses.
Herbicidal effects under field conditions of Ailanthus altissima bark extract, which contains
ailanthone. Heisey, Rod M.; Kish Heisey, Teresa. Biology Department, Pennsylvania State
University, Schuylkill Haven, PA, USA. Plant and Soil (2003), 256(1), 85-99. Publisher: Kluwer
Academic Publishers, CODEN: PLSOA2 ISSN: 0032-079X. Journal written in English. CAN
140:176682 AN 2003:824640 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Exts. of Ailanthus altissima stem bark were evaluated for herbicidal effects under field conditions in two
outdoor trials. Previous investigations had shown A. altissima bark, extd. with methanol, yielded a
strongly phytotoxic ext. that contained ailanthone as one of the major herbicidal compds. The first field
trial investigated the level of activity and selectivity of the ext. A. altissima bark ext. was sprayed post-
emergence onto 17 species of weeds and crops at rates of 366, 177, 93, 47, 23, and 0 kg ha-1. These
application rates provided herbicidal activity equiv. to 4.5, 2.2, 1.1, 0.6, 0.3, and 0.0 kg of pure ailanthone
per ha, based on the results of a lab. bioassay of ext. and pure ailanthone. Strong herbicidal effects were
obsd. within several days. Even the lowest rate caused mortality and injury in excess of 50% for 9 of the
17 species, and a significant redn. in shoot biomass for 13 species. The second field trial tested the
ability of bark ext. to control weeds under field conditions with horticultural crops (bush bean, cauliflower,
sweet corn, tomato). A. altissima bark ext. was sprayed post-emergence at rates of 99, 50, 26, 13, and 0
kg ha-1, providing herbicidal activity equiv. to 1.1, 0.6, 0.3, 0.14, and 0.0 kg of pure ailanthone per ha.
Ext. treatment provided partial weed control (greatest redn. in weed biomass was 40%), but also caused
serious crop injury. Bush bean was the only crop that showed a significant increase in shoot biomass and
fruit yield, compared to the non-weeded control. None of the crops, regardless of application rate,
showed a level of shoot biomass or fruit yield comparable to the hand-weeded control. The herbicidal
effects of A. altissima bark ext. declined within the first few weeks after application, supporting previous
evidence that ailanthone is rapidly degraded under field conditions.
Antiplasmodial activity of extracts and quassinoids isolated from seedlings of Ailanthus altissima
(Simaroubaceae). Okunade, Adewole L.; Bikoff, Rachel E.; Casper, Steven J.; Oksman, Anna;
Goldberg, Daniel E.; Lewis, Walter H. Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St
Louis, MO, USA. Phytotherapy Research (2003), 17(6), 675-677. Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Ltd., CODEN: PHYREH ISSN: 0951-418X. Journal written in English. CAN 139:227157 AN
Abstract
Exts. and isolated compds. from seedlings of Ailanthus altissima, were assessed for antiplasmodial
activity in vitro. Two quassinoids, ailanthone, and 6α -tigloyloxychaparrinone, isolated from the active
exts. showed activity against both chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive strains of Plasmodium
falciparum in vitro. Only ailanthone demonstrated low toxicity against the Vero cell line (kidney cells from
the African green monkey). This is the first report of the isolation and antiplasmodial activity of 6α -
tigloyloxychaparrinone from this species.
Virus-cell fusion inhibitory compounds from Ailanthus altissima Swingle. Chang, Young-Su;
Moon, Young-Hee; Woo, Eun-Rhan. College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, S. Korea.
Saengyak Hakhoechi (2003), 34(1), 28-32. Publisher: Korean Society of Pharmacognosy, CODEN:
SYHJAM ISSN: 0253-3073. Journal written in Korean. CAN 140:258 AN 2003:353441 CAPLUS
Abstract
In order to search for the anti-HIV agents from natural products, eighty MeOH exts. of medicinal plants
were applied to a syncytia formation inhibition assay which is based on the interaction between the HIV-1
envelope glycoprotein gp120/gp41 and the cellular membrane protein CD4 of T lymphocytes. Among
them, Ailanthus altissima showed a potent virus-cell fusion inhibitory activity. Repeated column
chromatog. of the methylene chloride fraction of A. altissima afforded compds. β -sitosterol-3-O-β -D-
glucoside,tetramethoxycoumarin, and ocotillone. Virus-cell fusion inhibitory activity of compd. ocotillone
was 70.76± 4.09% at the concn. of 100 µ g/mL.
Chemical constituents of Ailanthus triphysa. Qi, Shu-Hua; Wu, Da-Gang; Ma, Yun-Bao; Luo, Xiao-
Dong. State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute
of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, Peop. Rep. China. Chinese Journal of Chemistry
(2003), 21(2), 200-203. Publisher: Science Press, CODEN: CJOCEV ISSN: 1001-604X. Journal
written in English. CAN 138:351072 AN 2003:85923 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on
SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Two new compds., 8(14), 15-isopimaradiene-2α , 3α ,19-triol (I), and 6α , 7β -dihydroxy-17(20)-cis-5α -

pregna-16-one (II), together with four known compds., a oxygenated rare phyllocladane, phyllocladan-
16α ,19-diol (3), kaempferol-3-O-β -D-galactopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-α -L-rhamnopyranoside and
scopoletin, were isolated from the leaves of Ailanthus triphysa. Structures of 1-3 were elucidated on the
basis of spectroscopic data as compared with related compds.
Me
Me Me
O
CH 2
Me Me H
HO
H H H
HO H OH
H
HO Me I OH II
Isolation of Phytotoxic Compounds from Tree-of-Heaven (Ailanthus altissima Swingle). De Feo,

Vincenzo; De Martino, Laura; Quaranta, Emilia; Pizza, Cosimo. Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche,
Universita degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (Salerno), Italy. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
(2003), 51(5), 1177-1180. Publisher: American Chemical Society, CODEN: JAFCAU ISSN: 0021-
8561. Journal written in English. CAN 138:251508 AN 2003:80654 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010
ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
The aq. root ext. of Ailanthus altissima showed allelopathic activity against radish (Raphanus sativus L.
cv. "Saxa"), garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.), and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) seeds. A bioassay-
oriented purifn. of active exts., chromatog. fractions, and compds. demonstrated dose-dependent activity
on germination and radicle growth of test seeds; radish seed was the most sensitive to allelochems.
Active compds. have been isolated: ailanthone, ailanthinone, chaparrine, and ailanthinol B (quassinoid
derivs.); the alkaloid 1-methoxycanthin-6-one is not active. The compd. with greatest inhibitory activity is
ailanthone. The data obtained suggest a possible use of tree-of-heaven root exts. or of its active
constituents as natural herbicides.
A Novel Strategy for the Synthesis of Benzofuran Skeleton Neolignans: Application to

Ailanthoidol, XH-14, and Obovaten. Kao, Chai-Lin; Chern, Ji-Wang. School of Pharmacy, College
of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Journal of Organic Chemistry (2002),
67(19), 6772-6787. Publisher: American Chemical Society, CODEN: JOCEAH ISSN: 0022-3263.
on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
A convenient and general approach to the synthesis of the benzofuran skeleton compds. ailanthoidol, XH-
14, and obovaten was developed. Treatment of I with n-BuLi followed by addn. of substituted
benzaldehydes resulted in the formation of carbinols. The substituted benzophenones obtained from
oxidn. of the carbinols were treated with trimethylsilyldiazomethane lithium salt to give diphenylacetylenes
II (R = H, OCH2Ph) resp., which were then cyclized in the presence of either mercury acetate in acetic
acid or bromine in chloroform to give 3-chloromercurio- or 3-bromobenzofuran, resp. The 3-
chloromercurio intermediates could be reduced to proton or derivatized to ester or bromide, leading to the
synthesis of ailanthoidol, XH-14, and obovaten, resp. In addn., nucleophilic substitution was used to
introduce a formyl or Me group into the 3-bromobenzofuran derivs., providing an alternative pathway to
XH-14 and obovaten. The final elongation and deprotection reaction furnished the desired ailanthoidol,
XH-14, and obovaten in yields of 30, 15, and 11%, resp.
OMe
OCH 2 Ph
Me Me
Me
Me O O
C R
Br C
O O
OMe OMe
OMe I OMe II
Volatile constituents from the leaves of young and old Ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle tree.
Mastelic, Josip; Jerkovic, Igor. Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology,
University of Split, Split, Croatia. Croatica Chemica Acta (2002), 75(1), 189-197. Publisher: Croatian
Chemical Society, CODEN: CCACAA ISSN: 0011-1643. Journal written in English. CAN 137:30573
Abstract
The chem. compn. of volatile compds. from the tree of heaven leaves (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle)
was analyzed, for the first time, by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The volatiles were
isolated from fresh as well as from dried leaves of young and old trees. Forty-nine compds. were
identified, representing 88.5-96.3% of total volatiles. The main constituents were aliph. C6-compds.
(alcs., aldehydes, acids, esters) 30.8-59.7%, sesquiterpene compds., esp. hydrocarbons (β -
caryophyllene, α -humulene, γ - and δ -cadinene, calarene) 11.3-57.4%, oxygenated monoterpenes
(linalool, geraniol, α -terpineol) 3.6-9.4% and other compds. 4.5-12.0%. The stage of plant development
and the air-drying of plant material have a strong influence on the qual. and quant. compn. of ailanthus
volatile compds.
Malabanones A and B, novel nortriterpenoids from Ailanthus malabarica DC. Hitotsuyanagi, Y.;
Ozeki, A.; Choo, C. Y.; Chan, K. L.; Itokawa, H.; Takeya, K. Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life
Science, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Hachioji, Japan. Tetrahedron (2001), 57(35), 7477-7480.
Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd., CODEN: TETRAB ISSN: 0040-4020. Journal written in English.
Abstract
Novel octanor- and nonanor-triterpenoids, malabanones A (I) and B (II), which incorporate a unique
tricyclo[4.3.1.01,6]decane unit in the structure, were isolated from the stem bark of Ailanthus malabarica
DC. Their structures were elucidated by the anal. of spectral data. Compds. I and II were considered to
be biosynthesized from ailanthol, which was also isolated from this plant. I and II showed weak cytotoxic
activity on P-388 murine leukemia cells with IC50 of 16 and 38µ /mL resp.
O O
Me Me
H Me H Me
O OH O OH
H H
Me Me I Me Me II
Phenolic compounds from Ailanthus altissima Swingle. El-Baky, A. M. Abd; Darwish, F. M.;
Ibraheim, Z. Z.; Gouda, Y. Gh. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University,
Assiut, Egypt. Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assiut University (2000), 23(2), 111-116.
Publisher: Assiut University Press, CODEN: BPAUEC ISSN: 1110-0052. Journal written in English.
Abstract
The phenolic compds., Et gallate, kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-

glucoside and rutin were isolated from the leaves of Ailanthus altissima together with β -sitosterol, ceryl
alc. and β -sitosterol glucoside.
Development of an allelopathic compound from tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima) as a natural

product herbicide. Heisey, Rod M. Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University,
Schuylkill Haven, PA, USA. Editor(s): Cutler, Horace G.; Cutler, Stephen J. Biologically Active Natural
Products: Agrochemicals, [the Symposi um held at the 214th American Chemical Society National
Meeting], Las Vegas, Nev., 1997 (1999), Meeting Date 1997, 57-68. Publisher: CRC, Boca Raton,
Fla CODEN: 67XFAH Conference written in English. CAN 131:112683 AN 1999:477352 CAPLUS
Abstract
Since 1959, it has been known that Ailanthus altissima produces one or more phytotoxic compds. The
major toxin was recently identified as ailanthone, a member of the quassinoid group. In greenhouse
trials, purified ailanthone exhibited moderate preemergence herbicidal activity and strong postemergence
activity. It also had potent herbicidal activity under field conditions. In one field trial, ailanthone was
sprayed postemergence onto seedlings of 17 species of weeds and crops. The lowest application rate
(0.3 kg/ha) reduced shoot biomass of six species to ≤ 10% of the control and 10 species to ≤ 50% of the
control. Ailanthone is relatively nonselective, but cotton, yellow nutsedge, and A. altissima seedlings
show a high level of tolerance. Ailanthone also was tested in the field for its ability to control weeds in
several vegetable crops (beans, tomato, cauliflower, corn). A marked redn. in weed population occurred
for a few weeks after application, but the herbicidal activity was short-lived. Nine weeks after spraying,
weed biomass in the most effective treatment (0.6 kg/ha) was 60% of the weed biomass in the untreated
control. Ailanthone is rapidly degraded by soil microorganisms. It killed many of the weed seedlings
present at the time of application, but its herbicidal activity was rapidly degraded. As a result, weeds that
were not killed were able to recover and a new crop of weeds was able to emerge and grow. Ailanthone
exhibits a no. of the same problems that have prevented other natural products from being developed as
com. herbicides; however, its striking herbicidal activity under field conditions justifies further
investigations.
Biodirected analysis of Simarouba amara (Simaroubaceae) using the Artemia salina bioassay.
Pozo, Ximena; Gimenez, Alberto. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmaco Bioquimicas, Facultad de
Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Bolivia. Revista Boliviana de Quimica
(1998), 15(1), 52-66. Publisher: Revista Boliviana de Quimica, CODEN: RBQUDX ISSN: 0250-5460.
Journal written in Spanish. CAN 131:96969 AN 1999:251304 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS
on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Simarouba amara (Simaroubaceae) shows strong activity against Artemia salina. The compds.
responsible for the activity were isolated from the methanol ext. (LD-50=7.38 ppm) and identified by
spectroscopic methods as glaucarubinone (LD-50=1.80 ppm) and ailanthinone (LD-50=1.65 ppm). The
following glaucarubinone derivs. were prepd.: glaucarubolone (LD-50=2.89 ppm), glaucarubolone
triacetate and tetracetate (LD-50=2.04 and 4.51 ppm, resp.). From the ether exts. we characterized β -
sitosterol and prepd. the 3-acetyl-β -sitosterol deriv., both less toxic (LD-50>100 ppm).
Anti-tuberculosis activity of quassinoids. Rahman, Shakila; Fukamiya, Narihiko; Okano,

Masayoshi; Tagahara, Kiyoshi; Lee, Kuo-Hsiung. Department of Interdisciplinary Studies on Natural
Environment, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (1997), 45(9), 1527-1529. Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society of
Japan, CODEN: CPBTAL ISSN: 0009-2363. Journal written in English. CAN 127:316739 AN
Abstract
In vitro evaluation of anti-tuberculosis activity was conducted for fifty-six quassinoids isolated in our lab.
from the following Simaroubaceous plants: Ailanthus altissima (10 compds.), Brucea antidysenterica (16
compds.), Picrasma ailanthoides (14 compds.), and Brucea javanica (16 compds.). Eighteen of the 56
compds. showed activity. Of the compds. tested, shinjulactone K (I), ailanthone (II), shinjudilactone (III),
and dehydrobruceantin (IV) were the most potent. Although the activities were very low (0-19%), the
resulting data provided a picture of structure-activity relationships.
Me
O O OH
O
HO Me HO CH 2
O OH
Me Me Me
HO O
H H H H
O O O O
H H H H
Me I Me II
O
OH
HO O Me HO CO 2 Me
OH O
Me Me
O HO O Pr-i
H H H H
O O O O O O Me
H H H H
Me III Me IV
Two New Quassinoids, Ailantinols A and B, and Related Compounds from Ailanthus altissima.
Kubota, Kengo; Fukamiya, Narihiko; Hamada, Tomomi; Okano, Masayoshi; Tagahara, Kiyoshi; Lee, Kuo-
Hsiung. Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Journal of Natural Products (1996), 59(7), 683-686. Publisher: American Chemical Society, CODEN:
JNPRDF ISSN: 0163-3864. Journal written in English. CAN 125:53549 AN 1996:386011 CAPLUS
Abstract
Two new quassinoids, ailantinols A and B (I), and related compds. were isolated from Ailanthus altissima,
and their structures were elucidated from spectral evidence.
OH
OH
HO Me
OH O
Me
O
O O
H H
Me I
Quantitative electronic structure-activity relationship (QESAR) of natural cytotoxic compounds:

maytansinoids, quassinoids and cucurbitacins. van Dang, Giap; Rode, Bernd M.; Stuppner,
Hermann. Institute for General, Inorganic, and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain
52a, Innsbruck, Austria. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (1994), 2(5,6), 331-50.
Publisher: Elsevier, CODEN: EPSCED ISSN: 0928-0987. Journal written in English. CAN
Abstract
A relationship between the electronic structure of the maytansinoids, quassinoids and cucurbitacins and
their biol. activities (cytotoxicity, antitumor activity) was established on the basis of semiempirical SCF-
MO calcns., using multiple linear regression anal. as a framework. Based on this relationship, the
pharmacophore could be evaluated, and some novel derivs. were designed.
Studies on the constituents of Ailanthus integrifolia. Kosuge, Kazuya; Mitsunaga, Katsuyoshi;

Koike, Kazuo; Ohmoto, Taichi. Dept. Pharm., Toho Univ., Chiba, Japan. Chemical &
Pharmaceutical Bulletin (1994), 42(8), 1669-71. Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, CODEN:
CPBTAL ISSN: 0009-2363. Journal written in English. CAN 122:128597 AN 1995:296284
Abstract
A new phenolic glycoside 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol-1-(6-xylopyranosyl)glucopyranoside, was isolated

together with twenty known compds. identified as koaburaside, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol, 5,7-
dihydroxychromone-7-neohesperidoside, naringin, neoeriocitrin, p-coumaric acid, vanillin, vanillic acid,
coniferyl aldehyde, ferulic acid, trans-triacontyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate, p-methoxycinnamic acid,
2,6-dimethoxybenzoquinone, 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)naphthol[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione, 2-acetylnaphtho[2,3-
b]furan-4,9-dione, 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxynaphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione, 2-acetyl-6-
methoxynaphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione, specioside, jioglutin C, and rehmaglutin D from the bark of
Ailanthus integrifolia (Simaroubaceae).
Quassinoids exhibit greater selectivity against Plasmodium falciparum than against Entamoeba
histolytica, Giardia intestinalis or Toxoplasma gondii in vitro. Wright, Colin W.; Anderson,
Margaret M.; Allen, David; Phillipson, J. David; Kirby, Geoffrey, C.; Warhurst, David C.; Chang, Hernan R.
Sch. Pharm., Univ. London, London, UK. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology (1993), 40(3), 244-6.
CODEN: JEMIED ISSN: 1066-5234. Journal written in English. CAN 119:177477 AN 1993:577477
Abstract
The in vitro activities of a series of quassinoids against P. falciparum, E. histolytica, G. intestinalis, and T.
gondii were compared with their in vitro cytotoxic effects against KB cells (human epidermoid carcinoma
of the nasopharynx). All of the compds. tested were more toxic to KB cells than to G. intestinalis, but 4
(ailanthinone, bruceine D, brusatol, and glaucarubinone) were slightly less toxic to KB cells than to E.
histolytica. Glaucarubinone was similarly more toxic to intracellular T. gondii than to KB cells, but
ailanthinone was more selective (36-fold more toxic to T. gondii than to KB cells). All the compds. were
more toxic to P. falciparum than to KB cells; the most selective quassinoids (glaucarubinone, bruceine D,
ailanthinone, and brusatol) had toxicity/activity ratios of 285, 76, 48, and 32, resp. These results suggest
that quassinoids have a selective action on P. falciparum.
Picrasinol C, a new quassinoid, and its related compounds from the stem wood of Picrasma
ailanthoides. Daido, Masayuki; Fukamiya, Narihiko; Okano, Masayoshi; Tagahara, Kiyoshi. Fac.
Integr. Arts Sci., Hiroshima Univ., Hiroshima, Japan. Journal of Natural Products (1992), 55(11),
1643-7. CODEN: JNPRDF ISSN: 0163-3864. Journal written in English. CAN 118:98032 AN
Abstract
A new quassinoid, picrasinol C (I), and 12 known quassinoids have been isolated from the stem wood of
Picrasma ailanthoides. The structures of these compds. were elucidated from spectral evidence.
O Me
O Me
O
Me Me
Me O
OH
O O
H H
Me I
Picrasinoside H, a new quassinoid glucoside, and related compounds from the stem wood of
Picrasma ailanthoides. Matsuzaki, Takayuki; Fukamiya, Narihiko; Okano, Masayoshi; Fujita,
Tomoyuki; Tagahara, Kiyoshi; Lee, Kuo Hsiung. Fac. Integrated Arts Sci., Hiroshima Univ., Hiroshima,
Japan. Journal of Natural Products (1991), 54(3), 844-8. CODEN: JNPRDF ISSN: 0163-3864.
on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Picrasinoside H (I; R = β -D-glucopyranosyl) and five known quasinoids have been isolated from the stem
wood of P. ailanthoides. The structures of these quassinoids were elucidated on the basis of spectral
evidence. None of the quassinoid glucosidase showed cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines.
O
Me
O
O OAc
Me Me
Me O
H H
O OR
H H
Me I
Separation of quassinoids from Ailanthus altissima by high-speed counter-current

chromatography. Jaziri, M.; Diallo, B.; Vanhaelen, M. Lab. Plant Morphol., Free Univ. Brussels,
Brussels, Belg. Journal of Chromatography (1991), 538(1), 227-9. CODEN: JOCRAM ISSN: 0021-
9673. Journal written in English. CAN 114:160131 AN 1991:160131 CAPLUS (Copyright (C)
2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Quassinoids are bitter constituents found in most Simaroubacease sp. and show interesting biol.
activities. In order to obtain stds. of these compds. for the survey of metabolite prodn. in Ailanthus
altissima cell cultures, isolation of quassinoids from the root-bark of the plant was undertaken. High-
speed counter-current chromatog. (HSCCC) was used for the sepn. of this group of natural products.
Quassinoids 1, 3 and 4 were isolated in pure form and used directly for structure detns. The sepn. took 2
h.
Structure of nigakilactone O, a new quassinoid from Picrasma ailanthoides. Hirota, Hiroshi;

Yokoyama, Akihisa; Tsuyuki, Takahiko; Takahashi, Takeyoshi; Waelchli, Markus. Fac. Sci., Univ.
Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Chemistry Letters (1988), (4), 651-2. CODEN: CMLTAG ISSN: 0366-7022.
on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Nigakilactone O (I), a new picrasane-skeletal compd., was isolated from P. ailanthoides, and its structure
including the stereochem. was detd. to be 2α -hydroxy-12β -methoxy-11α -(3-methoxy-4,5-
methylenedioxybenzoyloxy)-picrasane-1,16-dione mainly by 1D and 2D NMR techniques.
O
OMe
Me O CO 2 Me
O
Me Me
HO
H H
O O
H H
Me I
Plants as a source of antimalarial drugs. 5. Activities of Ailanthus altissima stem constituents

and of some related quassinoids. Bray, D. H.; Boardman, P.; O'Neill, M. J.; Chan, K. L.; Phillipson,
J. D.; Warhurst, D. C.; Suffness, M. Sch. Pharm., Univ. London, London, UK. Phytotherapy
Research (1987), 1(1), 22-4. CODEN: PHYREH ISSN: 0951-418X. Journal written in English. CAN
Abstract
Exts. from A. altissima (Mill.) Swingle Simaroubaceae have been tested for activity against Plasmodium
falciparum in vitro and against P. berghei infections in mice. The activity of the chloroformic ext. in vitro
(IC50 5 µ g mL-1) and in vivo (ED50 82.94 mg kg-1 day-1 after oral administration) is due principally to
the presence of the quassinoid ailanthone (I) (IC50 in vitro 0.015 µ g mL-1, ED50 in vivo 0.76 mg kg-1
day-1). The constituent alkaloids canthin-6-one and 1-methoxycanthin-6-one are inactive in vitro. The in
vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities of five related quassinoids, viz., ailanthinone, chaparrin,
glaucarubol, glaucarubin, glaucarubinone are also reported.
OH
HO CH 2
HO O
Me H
O
H
O O
H H
Me I
Aurantiamide acetate, quassinoids, and a canthinone from the stem bark of Pierreodendron
kerstingii. Ampofo, Stephen A.; Waterman, Peter G. Dep. Pharm., Univ. Strathclyde, Glasgow,
UK. Journal of Natural Products (1985), 48(5), 863-4. CODEN: JNPRDF ISSN: 0163-3864. Journal
written in English. CAN 104:3429 AN 1986:3429 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder
(R))
Abstract
Exts. of stem bark of P. kerstingii (Simaroubaceae) afforded the following compds.: aurantiamide acetate,
ailanthinone, 2'-acetylglaucarubinone, 8-hydroxycanthin-6-one, glaucarubinone, excelsin, 2'-
acetylglaucarubin, glaucarubin, and β -sitosterol. Glaucarubin was the major component.
Quassinoid glycosides from Picrasma ailanthoides PLANCHON. Okano, M.; Fujita, T.; Kondo, K.;
Aratani, T. Fac. Integrated Arts Sci., Hiroshima Univ., Hiroshima, Japan. Tennen Yuki Kagobutsu
Toronkai Koen Yoshishu (1983), 26th 54-61. CODEN: TYKYDS Journal written in Japanese. CAN
Abstract
Seven novel quassinoid glycosides named picrasinosides A (I), B (II), C, D, E, F, and G were isolated
from the barks of P. ailanthoides, and their structures were established from spectral evidence, enzyme
hydrolysis, chem. transformations into known compds., and(or) interconversion reactions. The sugar
linkage of each glucoside was a β -linkage as shown by the coupling const. of each anomeric proton
and(or) enzyme hydrolysis using β -glucosidase. The configuration of the β -D-glucose moiety in each
glucoside except I was confirmed as α -linkage from the coupling const. or half-width of each acetal
proton. I and II showed weak antitumor activities against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro,
although the aglycon of I showed a significant clastogenic activity in cell cultures of Don lung cells of
Chinese hamster.
OMe
HOCH 2 O Me
O
O H Me
O
OH
H H
HO
O O
OH H H
Me I
OMe
O Me
O
Me Me
Me O
H H
O O
H H
Me
H OCH 2
O
OH
HO
OH II
Chemistry and possible roles of cuticular alcohols of the larval Atlas moth. Jones, Clive G.;
Young, Allen M.; Jones, Tappey H.; Blum, Murray S. New York Bot. Garden Cary Arbor., Millbrook,
NY, USA. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
(1982), 73B(4), 797-801. CODEN: CBPBB8 ISSN: 0305-0491. Journal written in English. CAN
Abstract
Cuticular wax from abdominal tubercles of Attacus atlas was primarily composed of 1-triacontanol (I), 1-
hexadecanol, 1-heptadecanol, 1-nonadecanol, and 1-dotriacontanol. The roles of wax in H2O
conservation and defense against predators and parasitoids and the defensive secretion are discussed. I
(2.28 × 10-8M), but not larval wax contg. this compd. at the same concn., increased the no. of leaves,
and leaf and stem fresh and dry wt. of Ailanthus attisima seedlings, a host-plant of the moth.
Carbohydrate and nitrogen compounds and drought resistance of Ailanthus altissima.

Dubroca, Elisabeth; Bory, Gerard. Lab. Bot. Ecol. Gen. Appl., Univ. Paris 7, Paris, Fr. Biochemical
Systematics and Ecology (1981), 9(4), 283-8. CODEN: BSECBU ISSN: 0305-1978. Journal written in
French. CAN 96:100936 AN 1982:100936 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
In A. altissima, carbohydrate and protein reserves were mainly localized in the tap-root. Under drought
stress they were very quickly hydrolyzed. Despite the water deficiency, an increase in starch synthesis
was obsd. in the leaves and stem during the 1st stages of stress. Stimulation of the cambial activity of
the stems and an increase in protein content were also obsd. Chem. anal. showed a high proline content
which increased markedly following drought stress, esp. in the tap-root.
Content of protein and nitrogen compounds in the leaves of dioecious plants. Kotaeva, D. V.;
Chkhubianishvili, E. I. Inst. Bot., Tiflis, USSR. Soobshcheniya Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR
(1978), 90(3), 677-80. CODEN: SAKNAH ISSN: 0002-3167. Journal written in Russian. CAN
Abstract
Intensive synthesis of protein compds. in leaves of Ailanthus altissima and Bryonia dioica was coincident
with their active growth. Female leaves accumulated more nitrogenous substances than male leaves. In
general, female plant leaves contained higher amts. of total and protein N than did the males, but there
were certain exceptions.
Mass spectra of the bitter principles from Picrasma ailanthoides. Murae, Tatsushi; Sugie,
Akihiko; Moriyama, Yoshihiko; Tsuyuki, Takahiko; Takahashi, Takeyoshi. Dep. Chem., Univ. Tokyo,
Tokyo, Japan. Organic Mass Spectrometry (1974), 8 297-301. CODEN: ORMSBG ISSN: 0030-
493X. Journal written in English. CAN 81:13662 AN 1974:413662 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010
ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Characteristic mass spectral fragmentation patterns useful for structure elucidation were detd. for 13 bitter
principles from P. ailanthodes and related compds., e.g., the nigakilactone I.
Dynamics of the capacity for injury of trees caused by coal-tar chemical industry gases.
Kozyukina, Zh. T.; Obraztsova, V. I. USSR. Uchenye Zapiski - Permskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet
imeni A. M. Gor'kogo (1971), No. 256 191-6. CODEN: UPGGAZ ISSN: 0372-4514. Journal written in
Russian. CAN 76:144536 AN 1972:144536 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Weekly examns. of decoloration, spotting, life time, and xenomorphism of leaves and tree growths (height
and vol.) made during 1968-69 on a series of 10-15 year old trees exposed to atms. polluted with S
compds., PhOH, NH3 and coal dust showed harmful changes which were most pronounced in elder
trees, and decreased in poplar, ailanthus, mulberry, acacia, English elm, and were smallest on privet. A
direct relation was obsd. between the extent of xenomorphism and the plants resistance to polluting
gases.
Chemical investigation of some Indian plants. VI. Desai, H. K.; Gawad, D. H.; Govindachari, T.
R.; Joshi, B. S.; Kamat, V. N.; Modi, J. D.; Parthasarathy, P. C.; Patankar, S. J.; Sidhaye, A. R.;
Viswanathan, N. Res. Cent., CIBA, Goregaon, India. Indian Journal of Chemistry (1971), 9(6),
611-13. CODEN: IJOCAP ISSN: 0019-5103. Journal written in English. CAN 75:59802 AN
Abstract
Several known compds. belonging to the class of acids, alcs., alkaloids, anthraquinones, carbohydrates,
coumarins, isocoumarins, steroids, triterpenoids and xanthones were isolated from a no. of Indian plants.
Structure of ailanthone. Casinovi, C. G.; Ceceherelli, P.; Grandolini, G.; Bellavita, V. Ist. Super.
Sanita, Rome, Tetrahedron Letters (1964), (52), 3991-7. CODEN: TELEAY ISSN: 0040-4039.
Journal written in English. CAN 62:58596 AN 1965:58596 CAPLUS (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on
SciFinder (R))
Abstract
cf. CA 61, 10719b. Sufficient evidence was accumulated by chem. and nuclear magnetic double
resonance methods to propose a formula for ailanthone (I), the principal bitter component of Ailanthus
glandulosa. I, C20)H24O7.H2O, [α ]20D 24° (1%, alc.) was easily hydrolyzed in alk. soln. and the
product readily acetylated with Ac2O in C5H5N to a triacetate (II), m. 227-8° which was easily reduced
with PtO2 in AcOH to a tetrahydro deriv. (III), m. 274-5°. Catalytic redn. of I gave a tetrahydro lactone
(IV), m. 256-9°, acetylated to III. Treatment of I with 2,4-(O2N)2C0H3NHNH2 showed the presence of 2
CO groups. Bi2O3 in AcOH oxidized IV to a diosphenol.
Bitter principles of Simarubaceae. XIV. Constituents of Ailanthus altissima seeds. Structure of

ailanthone. Polonsky, Judith; Fourrey, Jean-Louis. C.N.R.S., Gif-sur-Yvette, Fr. Tetrahedron
Letters (1964), (52), 3983-90. CODEN: TELEAY ISSN: 0040-4039. Journal written in French. CAN
Abstract
cf. Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1964, 2016-19; CA 56, 12843b. In addn. to 2,6-dimethoxybenzoquinone,
isolation from A. altissima seeds gave 4 cryst. compds. designated A, B, C, and D (I, II, III, IV). I, m. 238-
42°, [α ]D -47° (C5H5N) was identical with chaparrinone (V), a bitter principle from Hannoa klaineana.
The principal constituent was ailanthone II, m. 234-8°, [α ]D 12.5° (alc.). Acetylation of II gave the
triacetate (VI), m. 225-8°, [α ]D 30.5° (CHCl3). The N.M.R. spectrum of VI was distinctly analogous to
that of V triacetate. Selective hydrogenation of VI over PdBaCO3 gave dihydroailanthone triacetate, m.
269-72°, [α ]D 64° (CHCl3). Methoxychaparrinone was oxidized to give VII, identical with a product
obtained previously from V. II treated with CHMeN2 gave 11-ethoxyailanthone, m. 258-60°, [α ]D
-65°(alc.). Similarly, treatment with CH2N2 gave the corresponding 11-methoxyailanthone, m. 255-8°,
hydrogenated over Pd-BaCO3 to methoxydihydroailanthone (VIII), m. 244-5°, [α ]D -24° (CHCl3). VIII
oxidized at 0° by Jones reagent gave VII, m. 234-40°, [α ]D -117° (CHCl3). III was difficult to sep. from II
by chromatography. The acetyl deriv., m. 160-2°, on sapon. yielded III, m. 155-6°. IV, C20H26O7, m.
259-60°, gave a diacetate. The name ailantholide was proposed for IV. The biogenetic precursor of the
bitter principles of the Simarubaceae should be a tetracyclic triterpene of the type of tirucallol or
butyrospermol. The presence of an oxygenated function at C-13 in some constituents and of a vinylidene
group in II favors the hypothetical oxidn. at the C-17 level of compds. contg. more than 20 C atoms such
as simarolide (CA 62, 1692d).
Addition of contact mass to moving beds. Cross Willis J., Jr. (Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.).
(1964), 4 pp. US 3149924 19640922 Patent language unavailable. Application: US 19610301.

US 3149924 19640922 US 1961-92705 19610301
Abstract
This invention relates to a method of supplying make-up quantities of granular material (e.g., catalysts or
other porous or absorbent contact mass) to a moving contact bed (e.g., one used in hydrocarbon
conversion systems.)
Apparatus for contacting a liquid with a liquid or a particulate solid. Morris, William H. (Minister
of Aviation). (1964), 4 pp.; Addn. to Brit. 885,503 (CA 57, 16366c). GB 974829 19641111 Patent
language unavailable. Application: GB 19630115. CAN 62:7557 AN 1965:7557 CAPLUS

GB 974829 19641111 GB 1963-1733 19630115
Abstract
An adjustable barrier between stages is added to control the flow through the displacement vessel.
A novel triterpenoid isolated from the root bark of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb (Tree of Heaven),
AECHL-1 as a potential anti-cancer agent. Lavhale Manish S; Kumar Santosh; Mishra Shri Hari;
Sitasawad Sandhya L Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The MS
University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India PloS one (2009), 4(4), e5365. Journal code:
101285081. E-ISSN:1932-6203. Journal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE); (RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-
U.S. GOV'T) written in English. PubMed ID 19399188 AN 2009306361 MEDLINE (Copyright (C)
2010 U.S. National Library of Medicine on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We report here the isolation and characterization of a new compound Ailanthus excelsa
chloroform extract-1 (AECHL-1) (C(29)H(36)O(10); molecular weight 543.8) from the root bark of
Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. The compound possesses anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cell
lines of different origin. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: AECHL-1 treatment for 12 to 48 hr inhibited cell
proliferation and induced death in B16F10, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and PC3 cells with minimum growth
inhibition in normal HEK 293. The antitumor effect of AECHL-1 was comparable with that of the
conventional antitumor drugs paclitaxel and cisplatin. AECHL-1-induced growth inhibition was associated
with S/G(2)-M arrests in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and PC3 cells and a G(1) arrest in B16F10 cells. We
observed microtubule disruption in MCF-7 cells treated with AECHL-1 in vitro. Compared with control,
subcutaneous injection of AECHL-1 to the sites of tumor of mouse melanoma B16F10 implanted in
C57BL/6 mice and human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in athymic nude mice resulted in significant
decrease in tumor volume. In B16F10 tumors, AECHL-1 at 50 microg/mouse/day dose for 15 days
resulted in increased expression of tumor suppressor proteins P53/p21, reduction in the expression of the
oncogene c-Myc, and downregulation of cyclin D1 and cdk4. Additionally, AECHL-1 treatment resulted in
the phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15 in B16F10 tumors, which seems to exhibit p53-dependent growth
inhibitory responses. CONCLUSIONS: The present data demonstrate the activity of a triterpenoid
AECHL-1 which possess a broad spectrum of activity against cancer cells. We propose here that
AECHL-1 is a futuristic anti-cancer drug whose therapeutic potential needs to be widely explored for
chemotherapy against cancer.
Three new quassinoids, ailantinol E, F, and G, from Ailanthus altissima. Tamura Sadaaki;
Fukamiya Narihiko; Okano Masayoshi; Koyama Junko; Koike Kazuo; Tokuda Harukuni; Aoi Wataru;
Takayasu Junko; Kuchide Masashi; Nishino Hoyoku Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima
University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan Chemical & pharmaceutical
bulletin (2003), 51(4), 385-9. Journal code: 0377775. ISSN:0009-2363. Journal; Article; (JOURNAL
ARTICLE) written in English. PubMed ID 12672989 AN 2003156888 MEDLINE (Copyright (C) 2010
U.S. National Library of Medicine on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Three new quassinoids, ailantinol E (1), ailantinol F (2), and ailantinol G (3), and related compounds were
isolated from Ailanthus altissima grown in Taiwan. Their structures were elucidated from spectral
evidence. Each new quassinoid was evaluated for its antitumor promoting effects against Epstein-Barr
virus early antigen activation introduced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in Raji cells. The new
quassinoids were found to show potent activity without showing any cytotoxicity. The screening for
inhibitors against nitric oxide donor action was also conducted using the new quassinoids and some
standard samples.
A matter of some sensitivity. Phillipson J D Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy,

University of London, U.K Phytochemistry (1995), 38(6), 1319-43. Journal code: 0151434.
ISSN:0031-9422. Journal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE); General Review; (REVIEW) written in English.
PubMed ID 7786474 AN 1995306025 MEDLINE (Copyright (C) 2010 U.S. National Library of Medicine
on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
The development of sensitive chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques for the isolation and
structure determination of natural products has greatly facilitated phytochemical investigations. Chemical
investigations of herbarium material have resulted in the isolation of indole, quinoline and isoquinoline
alkaloids from a wide number of plants. Examples of novel natural products from higher plants are given
and include alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolics and quinones. Some plants investigated have not yielded the
types of constituents which would have been predicted from them. Plant tissue cultures provide
alternative sources of biologically active compounds and examples investigated include Cinchona,
Ailanthus, Brucea and Artemisia for antiprotozoal compounds and Datura for tropane alkaloids. Biological
tests are useful for bioassay-guided fractionation of plant extracts and examples of the isolation of a
series of natural products with antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities are given. Chemical and biological
investigations into the traditional medicine Dragon's blood (Croton lechleri) from S. America and a
Chinese prescription for the treatment of atopic eczema are described. The use of radio-ligand binding
assays for the detection of a wide range of biological activities is discussed. Sensitivity of chemical and
biological techniques has greatly improved prospects for finding new drug entities from plants and for
investigating traditional medicines. Basic phytochemical investigations should continue to be encouraged
especially in view of the rapid loss of plant species.
Antiamebic properties of some derivatives of ailantone and quassin. Casinovi C G; Fardella G;

Grandolini G; Burinato C Il Farmaco; edizione scientifica (1981), 36(2), 116-22. Journal code:
0370716. ISSN:0430-0920. (ENGLISH ABSTRACT); Journal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE) written in
Italian. PubMed ID 7227501 AN 1981189042 MEDLINE (Copyright (C) 2010 U.S. National Library of
Medicine on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Owing to its high toxicity, ailanthone, one of the most potent in vivo amoebicidal drugs of natural origin,
cannot be safely employed in clinical trials. With the aim of obtaining a compound with a better
therapeutic index and of studying possible relationships between biological activity and chemical
structure, many derivatives of ailanthone and of the chemically related, although biologically inactive,
quassin have been prepared and tested.
Potential anticancer agents vi. Constituents of Ailanthus excelsa (Simaroubaceae). Ogura M;

Cordell G A; Kinghorn A D; Farnsworth N R Lloydia (1977), 40(6), 579-84. Journal code: 0376626.
ISSN:0024-5461. Journal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE) written in English. PubMed ID 600027 AN
1978091382 MEDLINE (Copyright (C) 2010 U.S. National Library of Medicine on SciFinder (R))
Abstract
Ailanthione (1), glaucarubinone (2) and a mixture of glaucarubol 15-isovalerate (3) and 13,18-
dehydroglaucarubol 15-isovalerate (4) were found to be the compounds responsible for the antitumor and
cytotoxic activities of extracts of the root bark of Ailanthus excelsa (Simaroubaceae). The latter
compound, 4, is new.

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Research Topic task started on Thu Apr 10, 2003 at 7:48 AM

11 Research Topic candidates were identified in CAPLUS and MEDLINE.

using the phrase "classes of compounds from ailanthus"

Selected 3 of 11 candidate topics.

57 references were found (11 duplicates removed)

MEDLINE: Produced by the U.S. National Library of Medicine

Patent Family Information

Patent No. Kind Date Application No. Date

Bioassay-oriented isolation of an insecticide from Ailanthus altissima. De Feo, Vincenzo;

Inhibitory activity of ethanol extracts of Ailanthus altissima and luteolin-7-glucoside on

Five new compds., ailanthamide (1), N-(4-methoxyphenethyl)-N-methylbenzamide (2), (2E,4E)-N-

A method of treatment with flavonoids for overcoming acquired or inherent resistance to

Patent Family Information

Patent No. Kind Date Application No. Date

Two new compds., 8(14), 15-isopimaradiene-2α , 3α ,19-triol (I), and 6α , 7β -dihydroxy-17(20)-cis-5α -

Isolation of Phytotoxic Compounds from Tree-of-Heaven (Ailanthus altissima Swingle). De Feo,

A Novel Strategy for the Synthesis of Benzofuran Skeleton Neolignans: Application to

The phenolic compds., Et gallate, kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-

Development of an allelopathic compound from tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima) as a natural

Anti-tuberculosis activity of quassinoids. Rahman, Shakila; Fukamiya, Narihiko; Okano,

Quantitative electronic structure-activity relationship (QESAR) of natural cytotoxic compounds:

Studies on the constituents of Ailanthus integrifolia. Kosuge, Kazuya; Mitsunaga, Katsuyoshi;

A new phenolic glycoside 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol-1-(6-xylopyranosyl)glucopyranoside, was isolated

Separation of quassinoids from Ailanthus altissima by high-speed counter-current

Structure of nigakilactone O, a new quassinoid from Picrasma ailanthoides. Hirota, Hiroshi;

Plants as a source of antimalarial drugs. 5. Activities of Ailanthus altissima stem constituents

Carbohydrate and nitrogen compounds and drought resistance of Ailanthus altissima.

Bitter principles of Simarubaceae. XIV. Constituents of Ailanthus altissima seeds. Structure of

Patent Family Information

Patent No. Kind Date Application No. Date

Patent Family Information

Patent No. Kind Date Application No. Date

A matter of some sensitivity. Phillipson J D Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy,

Antiamebic properties of some derivatives of ailantone and quassin. Casinovi C G; Fardella G;

Potential anticancer agents vi. Constituents of Ailanthus excelsa (Simaroubaceae). Ogura M;

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