26 40 2 PB
26 40 2 PB
1, 2008
ABSTRACT
A research has been done to analyze the phytochemical of medicine plant used by North Minahasa
society. The research done qualitatively to know the present of alkaloid component, flavonoid, triterpenoid,
steroid, saponin, and tannin. Analyzes of alkaloid component using Mayer, Dragendorff and Wagner
reagents showed presipitate when react with alkaloid. Mayer reagent showed white presipitate, Dragendorff
reagent showed red-orange presipitate and Wagner reagen showed brown presipitate. In flavonoid analysis,
positive result indicated with red solution. Saponim analysis indicated with a stable foam. Tannins analysis
indicated with green and blue-black solution and triterpenoid analysis indicated with red-orange or purple
solution. Although the steroida analysis indicated with blue solution. The result show that 46 samples from 46
spesies of medicine plant that had been analyzed are 97,83% positive containing alkaloid component;
13,04% containing triterpenoid; 28,26% containing steroid; 47,83% containing flavonoid; 63,04%
containing saponin and 63,44% containing tannin.
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Tumbuhan Obat
No Penyakit (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Nama Daerah Nama Latin
a b c d e f g h i j
1 TBC Leilem a(daun) Clerodendron + - + - - -
buchananii
(Roxb). Walp
Silar b(pelepah) Arenga Sp + - - - - -
2 Lever Lemon suanggi Citrus medica + - - - + -
(kulit)
Mengkudu Morinda + - - + - -
(buah) citrifolia L
3 Darah tinggi Alpokat a(daun) Persea + - - + + +
gratissima
Gaertn
Benalu langsa Loranthus Sp + - - - - +
b
(daun)
Gedi c(daun) Abelmoschus + - + - + -
moschatus
Pisang goroho Musa Sp + - + + - +
d
(daun)
Sirsak e(buah) Annona + - - - - +
squamosa L
4 Ginjal Belimbing botol Averhoa + - - + + +
a
(daun) bilimbi L
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Gandarusa Justisia + - - - + +
b
(daun) gendarussa
Burm.f
Kucai c (akar) Allium + - + - - +
odorum
Tapak dara Chatarantus + - - + + +
d
(daun) roseus L
5 Diabetes Jahe a(rimpang) Zingiber + + - + - -
officinale
Rosc
Jambolang Eugenia + - - + + +
b
(kulit batang) cumini Merr
6 Malaria Kamboja a(kulit Plumiera + - + - - +
batang) acuminate Ait
Kumis kucing Orthosiphon + - + - + +
b
(daun) spicatus B.B.S
Tali pahit Tinospora + - - + + +
c
(batang) tuberculata
Blume
7 Asam urat Rumput sosapu Coechorus + + - - - +
(akar) acutangulus
Lamk
8 Varises Putrid malu Mimosa + - - - - +
(akar) pudica L
9 Penawar racun Pier maramis + - - - + +
(daun)
10 Demam Balacae a(daun) Jatropha + - + - + +
curcas L
Lengkuas Zingiber + + - + + -
b
(rimpang) purpureum
Roxb
Sesewanua Clerodendum + - - + - -
merah c(daun) japonicum
11 Batuk Kencur Kaempferia + - - + + -
a
(rimpang) galangal L
Kunyit Curcuma + + - + + +
b
(rimpang) domestica Val
Mayana c(daun) Coleus + - + + + +
scutellarioides
d
Rebeka (daun) Calotropis + - + - + +
gigantean
Temulawak Curcuma - - - - + -
c
(rimpang) xanthorrhiza
= 4a, 5a
12 Sakit perut Bayam duri Amaranthus + - - - - +
(akar) spinosus L
Jambu biji Psidium + + - + + +
(daun) guajava L
Sereh (pangkal Andropogon + - - + + -
akar) nardus L
= 3b
13 Campak = 11d
14 KB = 3b
15 Muntah ular Delima (daun) Punica + - + - + +
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granatum L
Tomat (daun) Lycopersicum + - - + + -
esculentum
Mill
a
16 Stamina Durian (kulit Durio + - + - - +
batang) ziberthinus
Turi b(daun) Sesbania + - - + + +
grandiflora
Pers
Ginseng c(akar) Abelmoschus + - - - + -
esculentus
17 Luka Koruntungan Solanum Sp + - - - + -
(daun)
Pacar air (daun) Impatiens + + - - + +
balsamina L
Rumput macan Lantana + - - + + +
(daun) camara L
= 1b , 4b
18 Masuk angin = 5a
19 Sakit pinggang Kaki kuda Centella + - + - + -
(daun) asiatica L
= 6b
20 Sakit punggung Kecabeling Hemigraphis + - - - - +
(daun) colorata
21 Gatal-gatal Metetekel Cassia alata + - - + - -
(daun)
22 Cacingan Pangi (daun) Pangium + - - + + -
edule Reinw
Popare (daun) Momordica + - - + + +
charantia L
23 Keputihan Sirih (daun) Piper betle + - + + - +
24 Bau mulut = 23
25 Bengkak = 16b
26 Mata tinggi = 10a
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KESIMPULAN
Dari hasil analisis fitokimia terhadap 46
sampel tumbuhan obat yang telah dilakukan
menunjukkan bahwa 45 sampel (97,83%)
positif mengandung alkaloid; 6 sampel
(13,04%) mengandung triterpenoid; 13 sampel
(28,26%) mengandung steroid; 22 sampel
(47,83%) mengandung flavonoid; 29 sampel
(63,04%) mengandung saponin, dan 29 sampel
(63,04%) mengandung tannin.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Arcuri, P.B. 2004. Animal Science 625.
Nutritional Toxicology. Phenolic
Toxicants.
http://www.ansci.cornel.edu/cources/ac
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