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1. OD process is based on ________ which begins with a known problem.

Correct Answer
Action research model

2. Consulting firms handle variety of issues and clients, making external consultants
unavailable on a daily basis to organizational problems.
Correct An

3. The total Quality improvement model provides an approach, for organizational


change, and involves :-
Correct Answer
Four major phases

4. While describing the individual roles, the ” role ” is called as :-


Correct Answer
Focal Role

5. Very often the performance of the individual in the group is affected due to :-
Correct Answer
Due to lack of clarity of the roles and what it demands from the role incumbents

6. The initial interest of the managers for the Organisational Development efforts
is introduced, through, personal attendance at:-
Correct Answer
T Group laboratory

6. The ________ theory has been emphasized in OD.


Correct Answer
Open system

7. People in the organisation should be treated as,


Correct Answer
Important resource

8. The name of the Japanese professor from Tokyo University, who added the notion
of small groups formed to address the problems in their work areas, is :-
Correct Answer
Kaoru Ishikawa

9. Some of the major benefits of the OD interventions are :-


Correct Answer
Improved job satisfaction ,
Improved productivity ,

Improved team work

10. One of the major obstacle to ________ is the amount of dysfunctional energy
spent in inappropriate competition.
Correct Answer
Effective organisation

11. Diagnostic activities mainly are for________.


Correct Answer
Finding the facts of the case

12. Management should ________ at the right depth.


Correct Answer
Intervene

13. Organizational Development interventions to reduce group conflicts are critical


because :-
Correct Answer
It has impact on team functioning , It has impact on organizational functioning , It
has impact on satisfaction levels of the individuals working in the organization

14. Hiring external consultants for short term may be ________.


Correct Answer
More economical

15. An important aspect of selecting a change agent is :-


Correct Answer
A person who has skills to address human aspects

16. Socio- metric approach in OD intervention focus on :-


Correct Answer
Interrelationship between groups

17. During the course of the Organisational Development projects, the internal OD
specialists should :-
Correct Answer
Become increasingly professionalized and be responsible for their own
development

18. Always try and reduce ________ upon consultant.


Correct Answer
Dependency

19. The essence of large scale systems change programme is :-


Correct Answer
To stage event in front of large number of members of the organisation , Majority
of the participants, understand the situation , Majority of participants agree on the
nature of actions to be taken and the net desired results to be achieved

20. For an Interdependency Intervention, in a group of Ten people, in order to


interview others, how many individuals member of the team, each member would
be required to do meet :-
Correct Answer
Nine Members

21. The organizational level analysis could include information on :-


Correct Answer
Organizational structure , Existing of major systems in the organization ,
Distribution of resources within the organization

22. The initial interest of the managers for the Organizational Development efforts is
introduced, through, personal attendance at :-
Correct Answer
T Group laboratory

23. During any discussion within the group, it :-


Correct Answer
Continues with any unfructutious discussion also for the sake of group
cohesiveness , Every one in the group participates, as long as it pertains to the
purpose of the group , If the discussion gets off track , some one helps it to bring
it back on track

24. The concept that, managers generally use three types of tactics to accomplish their
goals, was put forward by :-
Correct Answer
Schein

25. In an organization there should be a ________ to be taken on business decisions.


Correct Answer
Team approach

26. Some of the changes in the performance due to OD, were seen in the areas of :-
Correct Answer
Improved quality level of the services , Increase in profit levels , Improved quality
level of the products

27. The data collection on organisation is undertaken by the Consultant, by way of :-


Correct Answer
Interviews , Questionnaires , Personal observations

28. Concern for people refers to ________ concern of others.


Correct Answer
Consideration of social and interpersonal

29. In an organisation, when it was perceived that the survival of the organisation is
threatened, and the success of OD was doubted as :-
Correct Answer
There were many layers of hierarchies , The management was authoritarian ,
There was inflexible bureaucracy

30. At the heart of OD lies, ________ with an intact work team.


Correct Answer
Team building and intervention

31. Various types of behaviors observed under, responsibility charting are :-


Correct Answer
Responsibility , Support , Inform

32. OD process is based on ________ which begins with a known problem.


Correct Answer
Action research model

33. The total quality management includes:-


Correct Answer
Improved product quality , Improvement in peoples approach , Improved process
quality
34. When the strategies to change the use of HR resources, has to be done, it may
involve :-
Correct Answer
Training employees to cope with changed strategies , Develop new
competencies , Improved performance evaluating practices

35. Most of the Organizational Development activities are based on a basic model,
i.e.:-
Correct Answer
Data based , Problem solving , Scientific method of enquiry

36. A number of approaches may be used to bring about effective change within an
organisation, often called intervention strategies, these include:

grid training.
sensitivity training and team building.
survey research and feedback.
all of the above.

37. According to Deal and Kennedy, in a dynamic organisation characterised by fun


and action, where employees take few risks and games, meetings, promotions and
conventions are encouraged to lp maintain motivation, the type of culture can be
described as:
work-hard/play-hard culture.
process culture.
tough-guy, macho culture.
bet-your-company culture.
process culture.
work-hard/play-hard culture.
bet-your-company culture.
tough-guy, macho culture.

38. Organisational climate is based on the ____________ of members.

perceptions
commitment
Loyalty
none of the above
Loyalty
perceptions
commitment
none of the above

39. ___________ can be viewed in terms of mental attitudes which people have
towards their tasks and responsibilities.

Morale
Compliance
Teamwork
Cohesion
Cohesion
Compliance
Teamwork
Morale

40. Conflict can be seen as behaviour intended to __________ the achievement of


some other person's goals.

obstruct
Promote
Control
Enhance
Promote
Enhance
Control
obstruct

41. Which style of managerial behaviour and leadership is most likely to assist in
conflict management and may also help to create greater employee
commitment?

Authoritarian.
Laissez-faire.
Participative.
Participative.
Authoritarian.
Bureaucratic.
Laissez-faire.

42. What are the four types of organisational culture, according to Handy?
Introvert.
Task.
Power.
Person.
Role.
Macho.
Role.
Macho.
Power.
Person.
Task.

43. Which terms does Lewin use to describe the process of behaviour
modification?
Storming.

Unfreezing.
Conflict.
Movement.
Norming.

Refreezing.
Storming.
Unfreezing.
Conflict.
Refreezing.
Movement.
Norming.

MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
For each of the following choose the answer that most completely answers the question.

WHAT IS CHANGE?

85. Being a manager, with no environmental uncertainty or threat of competitors’ new


products, would be simple without ______________.
a.government regulations
b. diversity
c.cultural differences
d. organizational change
(d; moderate; p. 312)

86. Managing change is an integral part of ______________.


a.top management’s job
b. middle-level management’s job
c.the first-line manager’s job
d. every manager’s job
(d; moderate; p. 312)

FORCES FOR CHANGE

87. Which of the following is not an external force of change?


a.marketplace
b. government laws and regulations
c.economic changes
d. workforce
(d; moderate; pp. 312-313)

88. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is an example of which of the following forms of
environmental change?
a.internal
b. technology
c.government laws and regulations
d. labor markets
(c; moderate; p. 312)

89. Changing human resource activities to attract and retain health care specialists due
to increased needs for those workers is an example of what kind of environmental
change factor?
a.marketplace
b. technology
c.labor markets
d. economic
(c; difficult; p. 313)

90. Falling interest rates would most stimulate what change factor for a manager?
a.marketplace
b. government laws and regulations
c.labor markets
d. economic
(d; easy; p. 313)

91. Which of the following is not an internal force of change?


a.technology
b. strategy
c.workforce
d. employee attitudes
(a; moderate; p. 313)

92. What change factor did Steve Bennett address in his turnaround of Intuit, Inc?
a.technology
b. workforce
c.equipment
d. strategy
(d; difficult; p. 313)

93. Increasing the numbers of employed women and minorities forces managers to pay
attention to what change factor?
a.strategy
b. workforce
c.equipment
d. technology
(b; moderate; p. 313)

94. Labor strikes are an example of what change factor that may encourage a change in
management thinking and practices?
a.workforce
b. equipment
c.employee attitudes
d. strategy
(c; easy; p. 313)

95. Assembly-line technology is changing dramatically as organizations


_______________.
a.develop new products for the market
b. replace human labor with robots
c.replace old manually controlled machines with newer machines
d. find new markets for their products
(b; moderate; p. 313)

96. Global recessionary pressures force organizations to become more _____________.


a.price competitive
b. quality conscious
c.cost efficient
d. conservative with raw materials
(c; difficult; p. 313)
97. Internal forces that stimulate the need for change tend to originate primarily from
the impact of external forces or from ___________.
a.the forces of competition
b. change in technology
c.customer demand for the products the company produces
d. the internal operations of the organization
(d; moderate; p. 313)

THE MANAGER AS CHANGE AGENT

98. In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for
managing the change process are called ______________.
a.change masters
b. change agents
c.operations managers
d. charismatic leaders
(b; moderate; p. 313)

99. In spurring organizational change, outside consultants are usually more


______________, whereas internal managers may be more ______________.
a.drastic; thoughtful
b. highly paid; risky
c.resistant; bold
d. cautious; friendly
e.interested; scared
(a; moderate; p. 314)

TWO VIEWS OF THE CHANGE PROCESS

100. Lewin’s theory is consistent with which view of organizational change?


a.continuous
b. contemporary
c.Mayo’s
d. “calm waters”
(d; moderate; p. 314)

101. Who theorized the change process involving unfreezing, changing, and refreezing?
a.Drucker
b. Robbins
c.Lewin
d. Mayo
(c; moderate; p. 314)
102. According to Kurt Lewin, which of the following is not a stage in the change
process?
a.unfreezing
b. changing
c.refreezing
d. restraining
(d; moderate; p. 314)

103. According to Kurt Lewin, increasing the driving forces, which direct behavior away
from the status quo, is a means of doing which of the following?
a.unfreezing
b. changing
c.restraining forces
d. refreezing
(a; moderate; p. 314)

104. Which of the following terms best describes the two primary views of the change
process?
a.problematic, encouraged
b. occasional, continuous
c.costly, conservative
d. optimistic, pessimistic
(b; difficult; p. 314)

105. According to Lewin, which of the following is the objective of refreezing?


a.directs behavior away from the status quo
b. hinders movement away from existing equilibrium
c.eliminates the need for future change
d. stabilizes the new situation
(d; moderate; p. 314)

106. According to the textbook, the ______________ is consistent with uncertain and
dynamic environments.
a.calm waters metaphor
b. white-water rapids metaphor
c.contemporary metaphor
d. continuous metaphor
(b; moderate; p. 315)

107. A manager who comes to work every morning expecting that today will definitely
bring new challenges from competitors, the workforce, and so on, views
organizational change in what way?
a.pragmatic
b. continuous
c.pessimistic
d. reactive
(b; moderate; p. 315)

108. The unfreezing step of the change process can be thought of as ______________.
a.thawing the organization loose from the current status to the new status
b. making the move to the new organizational condition
c.loosening the organization from the old condition and moving it to the new
condition
d. preparing for the needed change
(d; moderate; p. 314)

109. In the white-water rapids metaphor, change is a natural state, and managing change
is _____________.
a.an accepted practice
b. an expected practice
c.a continual process
d. a maintenance process
(c; moderate; p. 315)

110. Once a change has been made, the new situation needs to be refrozen __________.
a.so that it can be maintained in the short run
b. such as the situation requires
c.so that it can be sustained over time
d. to make the change acceptable to the employees
(c; difficult; p. 315)

MANAGING CHANGE

111. As ______________, managers should be motivated to initiate change because they


are committed to improving their organization’s effectiveness.
a.change agents
b. efficiency experts
c.manipulators
d. process consultants
(a; difficult; p. 316)

112. Managers’ options for change essentially fall into what three categories?
a.environment, technology, and mission
b. structure, technology, and people
c.mission, structure, and people
d. mission, environment, and process
(b; difficult; p. 317)
113. A company that decides to decentralize its sales procedures is managing what
change category?
a.technology
b. people
c.competitors
d. structure
(d; moderate; p. 317)

114. According to the textbook, competitive factors or new innovations within an


industry often require managers to introduce all of the following except new
_____________.
a.equipment
b. tools
c.operating methods
d. employees
(d; moderate; p. 318)

115. When grocery stores installed scanners to read the product price, this was an
example of managing what change category?
a.technology
b. people
c.competitors
d. structure
(a; moderate; p. 318)

116. If Kraft Foods hired a consultant to decrease group friction and enhance cooperative
work relationships, this would be an example of managing what change category?
a.technology
b. people
c.competitors
d. structure
(b; difficult; p. 318)

117. Techniques to change people and the quality of interpersonal work relationships
are termed _______________.
a.operations
b. organizational development
c.downsizing
d. robotics
(b; moderate; p. 318)

118. According to the textbook, an individual is likely to resist change because of all of
the following reasons except _____________.
a.uncertainty
b. increased productivity
c.concern over personal loss
d. belief that the change is not in the organization’s best interest
(b; easy; p. 319)

119. Which of the reasons for resistance to change may be beneficial to the organization
expressed by an employee?
a.uncertainty
b. freezing
c.change is incompatible with the interests of the organization
d. refreezing
(c; difficult; p. 319)

120. All of the following are mentioned in the textbook as actions that managers can use
to deal with resistance to change except ______________.
a.education and communication
b. diversification
c.participation
d. facilitation and support
(b; moderate; p. 320)

121. ______________ is using direct threats or force on those who resist change.
a.Negotiation
b. Coercion
c.Cooptation
d. Education and communication
(b; moderate; p. 320)

122. __________ may be necessary when resistance comes from a powerful source.
a.Education and communication
b. Coercion
c.Facilitation and support
d. Negotiation
(d; moderate; p. 320)

123. For ________ to be effective, there must be mutual trust and credibility between
managers and employees.
a.education
b. coercion
c.negotiation
d. participation
(a; moderate; p. 320)

124. Initiating change involves identifying what organizational areas might need to be
changed and ______________.
a.discussing it with the Board of Directors
b. hiring a consultant to confirm that the change is needed
c.forming a committee to determine that the need for change is real
d. putting the change process in motion
(d; easy; p. 316)

125. As change agents, managers should be motivated to initiate change because they are
committed to __________.
a.promoting the welfare of their employees
b. managers and want to do the best they can for everyone
c.improving their organization’s performance
d. meeting the competition head-on in the market
(c; difficult; p. 316)

CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN MANAGING CHANGE

126. Which of the following represents the relationship between organizational culture
and change?
a.Culture and change are naturally compatible.
b. Culture tends to be very resistant to change.
c.Culture can change in months but not weeks.
d. Culture can never be purposely changed.
(b; moderate; p. 321)

127. Which of the following is not a favorable situational condition that may facilitate
change in an organizational culture?
a.a dramatic crisis occurs
b. the culture is weak
c.stock price sharply falls
d. the organization is young and small
(c; moderate; p. 322)

128. Cultural change is most likely to take place when most or all of the following
conditions exist: dramatic crisis occurs, leadership changes hands,
________________.
a.the organization is young, and the culture is moderate
b. the organization is young and small, and the culture is weak
c.culture is weak, and the organization is weak
d. the organization is small, and the culture is moderate
(b; easy; p. 322)

129. Which of the following is the first step in accomplishing organizational cultural
change?
a.appoint new leadership with a new vision
b. initiate reorganization
c.conduct a cultural analysis
d. change the selection and socialization process
(c; moderate; p. 323)

130. Which of the following is the last step in accomplishing organizational cultural
change?
a.make it clear that change is necessary to organizational survival
b. introduce new stories and rituals to convey new vision
c.appoint new leadership with a new vision
d. change the selection and socialization processes and the evaluation and reward
systems to support the new values
(d; difficult; p. 323)

131. ______________ is a dynamic condition a person faces when confronted with an


opportunity, constraint, or demand related to what he or she desires and for which
the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important.
a.stereotyping
b. stress
c.a halo effect
d. creativity
(b; moderate; p. 323)

132. Which of the following is true concerning stress?


a.It is a static condition.
b. Stress is a negative reaction to an outside force.
c.Stress is often associated with constraints and demands.
d. Stress limits performance.
(c; moderate; p. 324)

133. According to the textbook, stress symptoms can be grouped under any of the
following three general categories except ______________.
a.physiological
b. cultural
c.psychological
d. behavioral
(b; moderate; p. 324)
134. A dynamic and uncertain organizational environment has created a large number of
employees who are ______________.
a.old enough to retire, but can’t afford to retire
b. young and energetic about the “next day’s work”
c.overworked and stressed out
d. overworked, but paid very well
(c; easy; p. 323)

135. Stress, in and of itself, is _____________.


a.not necessarily bad
b. healthful in most cases
c.harmful, especially if not managed by exercise
d. beneficial to those who use it
(a; moderate; p. 323)

136. Stress is highest for ______________.


a.individuals who are uncertain about the amount of their annual pay
b. individuals who are uncertain whether they will win or lose
c.groups, which do not have a clear focus
d. individuals who are given more responsibility than authority
(b; moderate; p. 324)

137. ________ prevent you from doing what you desire; __________ refer to the loss of
something desired.
a.Constraints; demands
b. Demands; constraints
c.Fears; stressors
d. Stressors; fears
(a; moderate; p. 324)

138. __________ there must be uncertainty over the outcome, and the outcome must be
important.
a.For uncertainty to become fear,
b. For anxiety to become stress,
c.For potential stress to become actual stress,
d. For anxiety to become fear,
(c; difficult; p. 324)

139. Which of the following is an example of a psychological symptom of stress?


a. changes in metabolism
b. increased heart and breathing rate
c. irritability
d. changes in productivity
(c; moderate; p. 324)

140. Changes in eating habits are a ____________ symptom of stress.


a. physical
b. psychological
c. behavioral
d. inertial
(c; easy; p. 324)

141. Which symptoms of stress are the least relevant to managers?


a. physical
b. behavioral
c. psychological
d. dysfunctional
(a; moderate; p. 325)

STIMULATING INNOVATION

142. ______________ refers to the ability to combine ideas in a unique way or to make
unusual associations between ideas.
a.Innovation
b. Imagination
c.Creativity
d. Interpretive thinking
(c; moderate; p. 327)

143. ______________ is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful
product, service, or method of operation.
a.Innovation
b. Imagination
c.Creativity
d. Interpretive thinking
(a; moderate; p. 327)

144. Which of the following is an example of a variable that can foster innovation?
a.mechanistic structure
b. organic structure
c.few organizational resources
d. low ambiguity acceptance
(b; difficult; p. 328)

145. Which of the following is not a cultural value that supports innovation?
a.acceptance of ambiguity
b. tolerance for the impractical
c.high external controls
d. focus on ends, not means
(c; moderate; p. 329)

146. Which of the following human resource variables is supportive of organizational


innovation?
a.low commitment to training
b. selection of Type A employees
c.high job security
d. unionization
(c; moderate; p. 330)

147. ______________ actively and enthusiastically support new ideas, build support,
overcome resistance, and ensure that innovations are implemented.
a.Idea champions
b. Whistle-blowers
c.Idea generators
d. Idea screeners
(a; moderate; p. 330)

148. According to the textbook, all of the following are common personality
characteristics of idea champions except ______________.
a.extremely high self-confidence
b. persistence
c.energy
d. risk aversion
(d; moderate; p. 330)

149. Managing in the dynamic, chaotic world of global competition, organizations must
create new products and services, _____________.
a.at competitive prices and in the correct location
b. and adopt teams as the best way to improve the organization
c.and adopt state-of-the-art technology if they are to compete successfully
d. that offer the customer what they want
(c; moderate; p. 327)
150. A study of organizational change found that __________ percent of
changes at the work-group level were reactions to a specific, current problem or
to a suggestion from someone outside the work group; and __________ percent
of those changes occurred in the course of employees’ day-to-day work.
a. 77; 68
b. 35; 90
c. 90; 35
d. 68; 77
(a; difficult; p. 327)

151. Innovation is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful
product, service, _____________.
a.or good that customers can use
b. for the good of society
c.and implementation of the innovation
d. or method of operation
(d; moderate; p. 327)

152. An innovative culture is likely to have ______________.


a. high external controls
b. low tolerance for risk
c. closed-system focus
d. high tolerance of conflict
(d; easy; p. 329)

153. A transformational change which occurs as a reaction to drastic changes in


an organisation’s environment is identified by Nadler and Tushman (1986)
as:

154. Which of the following is located in an organisation’s task environment and


can be a trigger to change?
Markets and customers.
The economy.
Suppliers of inputs.
All of the above.

Which of the following is an individual source of resistance to


change?
Structural inertia.
Parochial self-interest.
Perceived threats to expertise.

Perceived threats to power


relations.
158.Where people are lacking in
confidence that they will be able to
adjust to a change, Kotter et al.
(1986) identify an appropriate tactic
that can be used to overcome their
resistance to change as:
participation.
facilitation and support.
negotiation.
manipulation.

In Lewin’s change model the unfreezing stage involves:


159.
destabilising the status quo.
moving to new conditions.
creating a new status quo.
none of the above.

In the Systems model of change an organisation is described in


160. terms of five interacting variables, which are:
strategy, structure, systems, policies and procedures.
people, technology, task, responsibilities and authority.
structure, technology, policies, responsibilities and authority.
strategy, structure, task, technology and people.

Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of


161. Organisational Development (OD)?
A systematic and systemic focus.
A process orientation.
Adoption of an emergent approach to change.
The use of a change agent.

A change agents role is to:


162.
act as a catalyst for change.
steer a change initiative through to completion.
both the first and second answers.
neither the first nor the second answer.

An OD method that is most closely associated with Intra-group


163. level interventions is:
process consultation.
team building.
sensitivity training.
all of the above.
According to Koffman and Senge (1993), which of the following is
164. a barrier that needs to be overcome in an organisation if an
organisation is to become ‘a learning organisation’?
The barrier of inefficiency.
The barrier of fragmentation.
The barrier of ineffectiveness.
The barrier of uncompetitiveness.

165. A transformational change which occurs as a reaction to drastic changes in an


organisation’s environment is identified by Nadler and Tushman (1986) as:

Answer :re-creation.

166.Which of the following is located in an organisation’s task environment and can be a


trigger to change?

Your Answer: Suppliers of inputs.


Correct Answer: All of the above.

167. Which of the following is an individual source of resistance to change?

Your Answer: Perceived threats to expertise.

168. Where people are lacking in confidence that they will be able to adjust to a change,
Kotter et al. (1986) identify an appropriate tactic that can be used to overcome their
resistance to change as:

Your Answer: facilitation and support.

169. In Lewin’s change model the unfreezing stage involves:

Correct Answer: destabilising the status quo.

170. In the Systems model of change an organisation is described in terms of five


interacting variables, which are:

Correct Answer: strategy, structure, task, technology and people.


171. Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of Organisational
Development (OD)?

Your Answer: Adoption of an emergent approach to change.

172.A change agents role is to:

Correct Answer: neither the first nor the second answer.


173. An OD method that is most closely associated with Intra-group level interventions
is:

Correct Answer: all of the above.

174. According to Koffman and Senge (1993), which of the following is a barrier that
needs to be overcome in an organisation if an organisation is to become ‘a learning
organisation’?

Your Answer: The barrier of fragmentation.

175. Central to the ability to capture and sustain a competitive advantage is the
ability to excel in the most important area of all: ___.

Responsiveness to customers
Responsiveness to employees
Responsiveness to their environment
All of the above

Research indicates that one of the main reasons for an


176. organizations' inability to change in response to changing
environmental conditions is which of the following?
Ethical dilemmas
Financial difficulties
Both A and B
None of the above

177. Individuals within an organization may be inclined to resist


change because of which of the following?

Force of habit
Selective perception
Uncertainty
All of the above

178. Which of the following is associated with the force-field


theory?

Both A and B
When forces are evenly balanced they are in a state of inertia.
Forces for change and forces against change are always in opposition in
an organization.
None of the above

___ was one of the first theories that proposed the importance of
179. changing role and task on technical relationships to increase
organizational effectiveness.
Pondy's model theory
Total quality management (TQM)
Force-field theory
Socio-technical systems theory

Which of the following benefits is associated with TQM?


180.

Increase product quality


Lower costs
Increased responsiveness to customers
All of the above

181 Mary Kay changed the way cosmetics are sold to customers
. 1 when it introduced at-home cosmetic parties and personalized
selling. This is an example of which of the following?

Restructuring
Innovation
Reengineering
All of the above

Which of the following are associated with the techniques and


182. practices of action research?
Refreeze the organization so that the benefits of the change are
retained
Move the organization to its new desired position
Help managers unfreeze an organization
All of the above

The result of radical organizational restructuring and


183. reengineering is ___.

Critical change
Horizontal change
Top-down change
Bottom-up change

Which of the following is a tactic that managers can use to reduce


184. resistance to change?

Manipulation
Coercion
Education and communication
All of the above
185. While the group lays down Goals , they should be :-
Correct Answer
Decided in clear and concise terms , The performance goals should be laid down in
concise mile stones , The group should have continuous series of small wins, along the
way to larger goals.

186. The unfreezing stage of the Changed process, consists of :-


Correct Answer
Provision of psychological safety , Creation of guilt or anxiety , Disconfirmation or lack
of confirmation
187.Socio- Technical systems projects tend to feature :-
Correct Answer
Formation of autonomous work groups , Grouping of core tasks , Training of group
members in multiple skills

188.Various types of tactics used by managers to accomplish their goals, are known as :-
Correct Answer
Use of social networks , Playing it straight , Going around the formal system

189. The organizational development approach treats :-


Correct Answer
People as the resources

190. OD ________ believes that, work teams are the building blocks of the organization.
Correct Answer
Fundamentally

191. Theory Intervention mechanism consists of :-


Correct Answer
Activities to study the behavioral science knowledge and theory are put to use to explain
the present behavior and assumptions underlying behavior

192.Some of the most important qualities of successful change agents are :-


Correct Answer
Interpersonal communication skills , Ability to support others , Power of empathy

193. External consultants________ spend all their time with one organization.
Correct Answer
Rarely
194. The Force Field Analysis is used for :-
Correct Answer
To understand problematic situation and plan corrective action

195. Most of the Organizational Development activities are based on a basic model, i.e.:-
Correct Answer
Data based , Problem solving , Scientific method of enquiry

196. The organisational development can ________ of stable and temporary systems.
Correct Answer
Optimise the effectiveness

197. In an organization there should be a ________ to be taken on business decisions.


Correct Answer
Team approach

198.During and after the ________ of intervention, the data is gathered.


Correct Answer
Implementation

199.Today's managers first task is to :-


Correct Answer
Retain good human asset, and utilize in a better way.

200.As a result of recent studies in OD, number of views are now being developed, one
of the most important concept on which the OD is constructed is that, of :-
Correct Answer
A normative value for culture and change
201.As a result of recent studies in OD, number of views are now being developed, One
of the most important concept on which the OD is constructed is that, of :-
Correct Answer
A normative value for culture and change

202. An appreciation of ________ as a determinant of individual work behavior is central


to OD.
Correct Answer
Importance of work team

203.An important aspect of selecting a change agent is :-


Correct Answer
A person who has skills to address human aspects

204.Marvin's Six Box Model, was ________ from his experience in consulting in
different organizations.
Correct Answer
Developed

205. If there are disagreement amongst the group, they should resolve by way of :-
Correct Answer
Disagreements are not suppressed by premature group action , The group seeks to resolve
the disagreements rather than dominate the dissenter , The reasons for disagreements are
carefully examined

206. During the course of the Organizational Development projects, the internal OD
specialists should :-
Correct Answer
Become increasingly professionalized and be responsible for their own development

207. Some of the indications of requirement of organisational development efforts are :-


Correct Answer
Reduced customer satisfaction , Lack of co-operation between people , Rapidly
increasing costs
208.OD process is based on ________ which begins with a known problem.
Correct Answer
Action research model

209. The total Quality improvement model provides an approach, for organizational
change, and involves :-
Correct Answer
Four major phases

210. Able people must ________ on the basis of relevant skills.


Correct Answer
Be selected

211.Team takes into account, peoples,________ and respect.


Correct Answer
Social entity and status

212.A known OD conceptualize, has identified prime responsibilities of OD,


consultant. The initiator's name is :-
Correct Answer
Argyris

213. Organizational Development interventions to reduce group conflicts are


critical because :-
Correct Answer
It has impact on team functioning , It has impact on organizational functioning , It
has impact on satisfaction levels of the individuals working in the organization

214. While planning and implementing OD, certain basic things need to be
considered, these are :-
Correct Answer
It should fit into overall game plan , Effective structuring of activities to promote
learning and change , Choosing and sequencing various activities.

215.In the present context there are complex and challenging situations and
problems facing the organizations. However, the simplest and profound solution
to solve the same is to treat :-
Correct Answer
People are the key

216.The essence of large scale systems change programme is :-


Correct Answer
To stage event in front of large number of members of the organisation , Majority
of the participants, understand the situation , Majority of participants agree on the
nature of actions to be taken and the net desired results to be achieved

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