EMERGENCY DRUGS

NALBUPHINE

• is a synthetic opioid used commercially as an analgesic

• Nalbuphine is indicated for the relief of moderate to severe pain. It can also be used as a supplement to
balanced anesthesia, for preoperative and postoperative analgesia, and for obstetrical analgesia during
labor and delivery.

DICLOFENAC

• Nalbuphine is indicated for the relief of moderate to severe pain. It can also be used as a supplement to
balanced anesthesia, for preoperative and postoperative analgesia, and for obstetrical analgesia during
labor and delivery.

• Diclofenac is used for musculoskeletal complaints, especially arthritis, rheumatoid

arthritis, polymyositis,dermatomyositis, osteoarthritis, dental pain, TMJ, spondylarthritis, ankylosing
spondylitis, gout attacks,and pain management in cases of kidney stones and gallstones. An additional
indication is the treatment of acute migraines.

• Diclofenac is used commonly to treat mild to moderate post-operative or post-traumatic pain, particularly
when inflammation is also present, and is effective against menstrual pain and endometriosis.

KETOROLAC

• is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the family ofheterocyclic acetic acid derivative, often
used as an analgesic, antipyretic (fever reducer), and anti-inflammatory. Ketorolac acts
by inhibiting the bodily synthesis of prostaglandins.

• Ketorolac is indicated for short-term management of moderate to severe postoperative pain. Concerns
about the high incidence of reported side effects led to restriction in its dosage and maximum duration of
use.

NICARDIPINE

• is a medication used to treat high blood pressure andangina. It belongs to the class of calcium channel
blockers.

• Nicardipine is a dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocking agent used for the treatment of vascular
disorders such as chronic stable angina, hypertension, and Raynaud's phenomenon. It is available in oral
and intravenous formulations.

FUROSEMIDE

• is a loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema. It is most commonly
marketed by Sanofi-Aventis under the brand name Lasix. It has also been used to
prevent thoroughbred and standardbred race horses from bleeding through the nose during races.

HYDRALAZINE

• is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to treat hypertensionby acting as a vasodilator primarily
in arteries and arterioles. By relaxing vascular smooth muscle, vasodilators act to decrease peripheral
resistance, thereby lowering blood pressure and decreasing afterload.

EPINEPHRINE
 • is a hormone and neurotransmitter. It increases heart rate, contracts blood vessels, dilates air passages
and participates in the fight-or-flight response of the sympathetic nervous system.

METHERGIN

• was originally developed for the treatment of postpartum bleeding and for improvement in the uterine
tone. It is related to the ergot amine medications. In addition to its effects on the uterus, Methergine also
causes constriction of the smooth muscles in the blood vessels.

OXYTOCIN

• Oxytocin is best known for roles in female reproduction: 1) it is released in large amounts after distension
of the cervix and uterus during labor, and 2) after stimulation of the nipples,
facilitating birth and breastfeeding.

DOBUTAMINE

• is a sympathomimetic drug used in the treatment of heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Its primary
mechanism is direct stimulation of β1 receptors of the sympathetic nervous system.

• Dobutamine is used to treat acute but potentially reversible heart failure, such as which occurs
during cardiac surgery or in cases of septic or cardiogenic shock, on the basis of its
positiveinotropic action.

DOPAMINE

• used in various forms to treat Parkinson's disease and dopa-responsive dystonia.

• Dopamine also has effects when administered through an IV line outside the central nervous system. The
brand name of this preparation is known as Intropin.

ISOKET

• Prevention of angina attacks.

HYDROCORTISONE

• is a steroid hormone or glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal gland. It is released in response to stress,
and to a low level of blood glucocorticoids. Its primary functions are to increase blood sugar through
gluconeogenesis, suppress the immune system, and aid in fat, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism. It
also decreases bone formation. Various synthetic forms of cortisol are used to treat a variety of different
illnesses.

AMINOPHILLINE

• Aminophylline is also a treatment option for anaphylactic shock.

MAGNESIUM SULFATE

• Oral magnesium sulfate is commonly used as a saline laxative. Epsom salt is also available in a gel form
for topical application in treating aches and pains.
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